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LiQUiDAMBBR {Orientalis) foji^s qulnqnclobatis, fi- 

 nuatis obcufis, Liquidcimher with leaves having jive khes^ 



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hich arefinuaicd and obtufe. 

 The firfl: Ibrt has by fome writers been ranged with 

 the Maple, but on no other account, except from 

 the fimihtude of the leaves •, for in flower and fruit it 

 is very different from the Maple, and mod other ge- 

 nera : nor has it any affinity to the Storax-tree, but 

 the gum which iflues from this tree being tranfparcnt, 

 and having a great fragrancy, has by fome ignorant 

 peribns been taken for that. 



It grows plentifully in Virginia and feveral other parts 

 of North America, where it rifes with a ftrait naked 

 ftem to the height of fifteen or fixteen feet, and after- 

 ward branches out regularly to the height of forty feet 

 or upward, forming a pyramidal head. The leaves are 

 ancrular, and fliaped fomevv'hat like thofe of the lefler 

 Maple, having five lobes, but are of a dark green 

 colour, and their upper furfaces finning; a ftrong, 

 fweet, glutinous fubfi:ance cxfudes through the pores 

 of the leaves in warm weather, which renders them 

 clammy to the touch. ' 



The flowers are generally produced early in the 

 fpring of the year, before the leaves are expanded, 

 which are of a Saffron colour, and grow in fpikes from 

 the extremity of the branches ; after thefe are paft, 

 the fruit fwells to the fize of a Walnut, being per- 

 fectly round, having many protuberances, ?ach hav- 

 ing a fmall hole and a fliort tail, which extends half 

 an inch. ^ . . _ . 



The planks of this tree being beaudfully veined, are 

 often ufed in America for wainfcottjng roorns ; but it 

 requires a long time to feafon the boards^ otherwife 

 they are apt to fhrink. , 



In Europe this tree is cultivaied in the gardens of the 

 curious, for the fake of variety ; it is hardy enough 

 to endure the fevereft cold of this country in the open 

 air, and there are fome of them upward of twenty 

 feet high, though I have not heard of any of them 

 which has produced fruit. 



This is commonly propagated by layers in England, 

 but thofe plants which ar? raifed from feeds grqw to 

 be much fairer trees.. 



The feeds of this tree, if fown in the fpring, com- 



tnpnly remain in the ground a whole year before the 



plants come up •, fo that the fureft way to raife them 



is, to fow the feeds in boxes or pots of light earth •, 



which may be placed in a fhady fituatioh during the 



firft fummer,'and in autumn they may be removed 



where they may have more fun i t^ut i^ the wiiiter 



ihould prove fevere, it will be proper to cover them 



with Peas-haulm, or other light covering, which 



Ihould betaken off confl:antly in mild weather. In 



the fc^owing (pring, if thefe boxes or pots are placed 



upon a moderate hotbed, it wull caufe the feeds 



7 to come up early, fo that the plants will have time 



_ to get ftrength before the winter ; but during the 



s '.*' firft and fecoud winters, 'it will be proper to fcreen the 



/ plants from fevere froft, bu? j^erw^d they will bear 



the cold very well, -v^ 



The feeds of the fecond fort were Tent by Mr. Peyf 



fonel from tlie Levant, to the French kings gar- 



'.., den at Marli, a few of which were fent me by Mr. 



■/Richard, the king's gardener, which fucceeded in 



v. the Chelfea sarden. The leaves of this for? difl^er 



from thofe gf the firft, in haymg their lobes fhorter, 



and much more fipuated on their borclers ; they end in 



. blunt points, and are not fcrrated ; but as I have not 



. feen the fruit of this, fo I do not know hov/ it differs 



from the other. ■ ■■•■;:-- 



pala:icniy divided into fvn ohtufi pclits at the Irlf/!^ 

 whiih are eretJ ; the chap^ ere pcvf crated. It hath five 

 fiortftaniina terminated by chhng Jmimits^ zvhich crejkui 

 up in the chaps of the petal It hath four germen, "Jjith 

 a flcnder flyle the length if the tube, crcv:;;:ed by a bifi. 

 obtufe fiigma. The gcrmcyi cftcrvoard turn to' fo many 

 Qval, hard.fmocth, acute 'pointed feeds^fiitingin the fpru'M 



ing -empalement. ~~ 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fird feftion of 



Linn^us's fifth clafs, which includes the plantSi 



whofe flowers have five (lamina and one flyle. 



The Species are, 



I. LiTiiospERMUM {Officinale) feminibus fevibus, co- 



roUis calycem vix fuperantibus, foliis lanceolatis^ 



Hort. Cliff. 46. Gronrxell with fmooth feeds ^ the petal 



of the fiovoer fcarce longer than the empalement^ and fpear- 



floaped leaves, Lithofpcrmum majus ereftum. C. B. P, 



258. Greater upright GromzvclL 



-> * 



2. LiTHOSPERMUM {Arv^nfe) feminibus rugofis, corrol- 

 lis vix calycem fuperantibus. . Hort. Cliff. 46. Gron>- 

 well with rough feeds, whofe petals are fear ce longer than 

 the empalement, Lithofpcrmum arvenfe, radice rubra. 



C. B. P. 258. Field Gromwell with a red root, 



3. LiTHOSPERMUM {Purpuroc^rukmn) feminibus lasvi- 

 bus, corollis calycem multoties fuperantibus. Hort. 

 Cliff. 46. Gromwell with fmooth feeds, and the petal ma- 

 ny times longer than the cv^palement, LithofperiTiUm mi- 

 nus repens latifolium C. B. P. 258. Smailery crecj>i^gy 

 broaddeaved Gromwell. 



4. LiTHOSPERMUM (Virg' nianum) foliis fubovalibus ner- 

 vofis, corollis acuminatis, Lin. Sp. PUnt. 132. Grom- 

 well with veined leaves which are almoji oval, and acute-. 

 pointed petals. Lithofpermum latifolium Virgini*v 

 num, flore albido longiore. Mor. Hift. 3. p. 447. 



■ Broad-leaved Gromw^H of Virginia with a longer whitifh. 

 flower. ' - - 1 



5. LiTHOSPERMUM [Frtiticofum) fruticofum, foliis line- 

 aribus hifpidis, ftaminibus corollam fubsequantibus. 

 Lin. Sp. 190. Shrubby Gromivell with rough lineaf 

 leaves^ and the ftamina almoft equal to the petal. Bu» 

 gloffum famium frutefcens, foliis Rorifmarini obfcur^ 

 virentibus lucidis & hirfutis. Tourn. Cor. 6. 



The firft- fort grows naturally upon the banks, and m 

 dry fields in many parts of England, fo is feldom ad^ 

 mitted into gardens. Thjs hath a biennial root, from 

 which arife two or three upright fl:alks two feet high, 

 which branch out toward the top, garnilhed with 

 fpear-fhaped, rough, hairy leaves, placed alternate, 

 fitting clofe to the ftalks. The flowers com^ pu^ 

 fingly^at every joint of the fmall branches i^ they ^r(^ 

 .;. white, of one petal, cut intg four parts at the top, 

 -i' and fland within the empalement •, thefe are fucceeded 



by four 



jtf 



white, Ihining feeds,"\which ripen in 



thi?- ^mpa\eoient. Xt^|pwers jn Jylay, ar4^ the feeds ri^ 









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tab. 5S' 

 and 



LIRIODENDRUM. Spe Tulipifera. 



LITHOSPERMUM. Tourn. Inff. R. H. 137. 



Lin. Gen. Plant. 166. [of AiS(^, a ftone, 

 I'K'ipfjLx^ feed ; q. d. Stone-feed ; becaufe the 

 feed of this plant is hard, and good againft the ft:one.] 

 Gromwell, Gromill, or Graymill j in French, GrcmiL 

 . The Characters are, 



^be flower hath an oblong, ercul, acute-pointed, per- 

 manent, empcdcment, which is cut into free parts. It t?ath 

 m ptcd with a cylindrical tube the length of tU em- 



pen in Auguft, ^ ^ x> 



The feeds of this plant are accounted a powerfi]l diu-r 



fetic'', "and a cleanfcrof the reins and urethers/ being 



boiled in wine and water, and are of great fervice 



againft gravel or ftoppage of urins* 



The fecond fort is an annual plant, which grows 



among winter Corn in many parts of England. This 



rifes with a flender branching ftalk'a foot and a half 



high, garniflied with narrow, fpear-ftiaped, rough 



leaves placed aU?rn?t^ly- The flowers are produced 

 fingly on the upper parts of the ftalks. ..They ^re 

 fmall and white j thefe are fucceeded by four rough 

 feeds, which ripen in the empalement. ' It flowers in 

 'June, and the feeds ripen in Auguil, foon after which 





the plants decay. 

 The third fort grows naturally in woods In many part^ 

 of England j this hath a perennial root, from which 

 .come out two or three trailing^ ftalks fcarce a foot 

 long, garnifl^ed with long, narrow, fpear-fliapcd 

 leaves, placed alternately; thefe are fmoother thaii 

 thofe of the other forts. The flowers ^re produced at 

 the end of the ftalks from arnongft the leaves ; they 

 are white, and the petals are much 16nger than the 

 empalements. ,, Thefe appear the latter end of May, 

 and each is fucceeded by four fmooth feeds, which . 



ripen in the^f mp^lement 



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