L 



B 



The fourth fort grows naturally in North America-, 

 this hath a perennial root, from which arife feveral 

 very hairy ftalks about a foot and a half high, gar- 

 nifhed with rough, hairy, veined leaves, v/hich are al- 

 niofi: oval, fitting clofe to the ftalks alternately. The 

 flowers grow in (hort reflexed fpikes at the end of the 

 branches : thefe are white, their petals being longer 

 than the empalement, ending in acute points. It 

 flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 

 The fifth fort grov/s naturally in the fouth of France, 

 and alfo in the^Levant. This hath a perennial root, 

 which runs deep in the ground, from which comes 

 out in the fpring a fhrubby ereft ftalk two or three 

 feet high, which is pretty clofely fet with hairs, and 

 garniflied v/ith narrow leaves placed alternately. The 

 flowers are produced in fhort reflexed fpikes at the 

 end of the fl:alk, fl:anding in hairy empalements ; 

 they are of a reddifli purple colour, but as they de 

 cay change to a deep purple-, they are tubulous, but 

 cut at the top into four or five fegments ; the upper 

 two are reflexed. It flowers in June, but the feeds 

 rarely ripen in England/ 



Thefe plants may be cultivated by fowing their feeds 

 in rows foon after they are ripe, in a bed of frcfli earth, 

 allowing the rov/s at leafl: a foot diftance from each 

 other, obferving to keep them clear from wa^eds, and 

 they v/ill thrive in almoil any foil or fituation. 



LOAM is a common fuperficial earth, that is a mix- 

 ture of fand and clay, commonly of a yellowifli co- 

 lour, though there is fome Loam that is blackifli. 

 Some call Loam the moft common fuperficial earth 

 met with in England, without any regard to the pro- 

 portion it bears to fand or clay; but mofl: generally 

 the appellation of Loam is applied to a foft fat earth, 

 partaking of clay, but cafy to work. 

 It is found by experience, that plants of mofl: forts 

 will grow in it; and wherever it is found, it appears 

 to be a more beneficial foil to plants than any other. 



.. A clay ufed in grafting is alfo called Loam. 



LOBELIA." Plum. Nov. Gen. 21. tab. 31V Lin. 

 Gen. Plant. 897. r^>' ' ' 

 V The Characters are, 

 The empalement of the fiower is fmallj of one leaf in- 



■ '. dented 'm five pa'rtSj and grows about the germen. The 



' 'flo'wer has but one petals which is tubulouSy and a little 

 ringent^ cut into five parts at the brim ■, two of the up- 



.'^fer fegments crefinalkr than the other ^ are more refiexed 



-. ' and deeper ciit^ thefe conftitute the upper Up-, the three 



" ' lower arefpread open^ and larger, ' It hath five awl-fjjaped 

 fiaraina the length of the tube^ terminated by obhng cy- 

 Undrical fumnnts^ divided at their bafe into five parts. It 



' has a poifiled germcn tinder the petals fupporting a cylin- 

 drical ftyle^ crowned by an ohtufe prickly fiigma, The 

 gernien afterward becomes an oval fiefoy berry with two 

 cells y each cGntaining a fingle feed. 

 This^ genus of plants is ranged in the fifth feftion of 

 Linnseus's nineteenth clafs, to which he has joined 



' the Rapuntium of Tournefort; but although the 

 form of theflowers, and the number of their ftamina. 



_--->^ 



■^■. 



-fj, X -V I*- 



' agree pretty well, yet as the fruit of this is a pulpy 

 ' berry, inclofing but two feeds^ and the Rapuntii have 

 <3ry capfules including many fmall feeds, I fliallkeep 

 ^ them kparate. ,^";r^? .'o< -r;: ^^ -^"' . 'X '■- >^j 

 i; "" Wc know but one Species of this"genus, vizT* ■ 

 LoeelTa {Fnitefcem') frutcfcens, foliis ovati-oblofigis in- 

 ."'/tegerrimis. Flor. Zeyl. 313. Shrubby Lobelia' with ob- 

 '.: iong^ ovaW entire /^iJt;^^.:^ Lobelia frutefcens portulacae 

 "folio. Plum. Nov. Geri.'2r.-' Shrubby Lobelia with a 



• :* '-*»- 



^^Fur (lane leaf. 



: /'-vThis plant rifcs with' a uicculcnt fl:alk H've or fix 



^v-feet high, garniflied with oval, ■"oblong, futculent' 



.- leaves, which are placed alternately j thefe fit clofc 



■ ;.to the fl:alk. 'The flowers are produced upon lono- 



^ ^ /oot-fl:alks, Vv'hich come out from the fide of the 



, .ftalk, and fufliain two or three white flowers of one 



-petal, cut into five acute fegments at the brim -, thefe 



are fucceeded by two oval berries as large as Bullace, 



containing a fl:one with two cells, in each of which is 



lodged a fih'gle feed. 



O N 



The feeds of this plant were fcnt to England by Mr 

 Catefby,in the year 1724, who gathered them in rhe 

 Bahama Iflands, where the plants grow in pkMity, i^car 

 the fliore of the fca; and fince that time the feeds 

 have been fent to England by Dr. William iloui- 

 toun, who gathered them at La Vera Cruz •, fo chat 

 I believe the plant is common in mofl: of the warm 

 parts of America. 



It is propagated by feeds, which mufl: be procured 

 from the countries of its natural growth, for the plants 

 will not produce them in Europe j thefe feeds fhould 

 be fow^n in pots filled with light fandy earth, and 

 plunged into a hot-bed of tanners bark, where the 

 plants will come up in about a month or five weeks 

 provided the bed is warm, and the earth often wa- 

 tered. When the plants are up, they fliould be kept 

 in a temperate hot-bed, and frequently refren:ied with 

 water, but it mult not be given them in large quan- 

 tities, for they are very fucculent, and fubjecl to perilh 

 with much moifliure, efpecially while they areyouno-. 

 When the plants are about two inches high, they 

 fliould be carefully taken out of the pots in which they 

 were fov/n, and each planted in a feparate finall poc 

 filled with frefli light fandy earth, and then pluno-ed 

 into the hot-bed again, obferving to fliade them in'^he 

 heat of the day until they have taken new root. In 

 this hot-bed the plants may remain until the middle, 

 or latter end of September, when they mud be re- 

 moved into the fl;ove, and plunged into the tan-bed, 

 in the warmeft: part of the ftove, for they are very ten- 

 der plants while young, therefore mufi: be kept very 

 warm, otherwife they will not live through the firft 

 winter in this country. In the fpring follov/inor the 

 plants may be fliifced into fomewhat larger pots, and 

 then plunged into a frefli hot-bed to forward their 

 growth ;' for if they are not puflied on v/hile they are 

 young, they feldom grow to any fize, nor will they 

 ■" ever flower j fo' that in order to have them in any 

 beauty, they mufl: be carefully managed. The leaves 

 of this plant are ver^ fubjed: to contraft filth, by be- 

 . ing c'onfliantly kept m the fl:ove, therefore they fliould 

 be waflied with a fponge frequently, to keep them 

 clean, otherwife they will appear unfightly. 



LOBUS ECHINATUS. See Guilandina. 



L O C U L A ME NTS are little diftinft cells, or par- 

 titions, within'the feed-vefiels of plants. 



LOLIUM. Darnel Grafs. 



■ 



Of this fort of Grafs w^e have two or three fpecies, 

 which grow naturally in England ; fome in dry Grafs 

 grounds, and one which is an annual Grafs, is fre- 

 quently found in arable land ; but as neither of them 

 are cultivated for ufe, fo I flhall not trouble the reader 

 with any farther account of them. 



LONCHITIS [lb called of Aoy;/?i, a lance'r)r fpear, 



becaufe the leaves are fo fliarp-pomted as to refembie 



the point of a fpear.] Rough Spleenwort. 



The Characters iare, .- . 



,. The leaves are like thofe of the Fern^ but the pinnule 



'X are eared at their bafe \ the fruit alfo is like_ that of the 



" Fern. ■ • . 



^ "' The Species are, . i 



1. LoNCHiTis afpera. Gcr. "Rough Spleenwort , . 



2. LoNCHiTis afpera major. Ger. Emach. Greater rough 



Spleenwort. ,. ' '^' - ■ _ -V;^-. /: - / ,/ -^^.: ^ /^.' ■ ^ 

 The firfl: of thefe plants is very cornmon in fliady 

 woods, by the fides of fmall rivulets, in divers parts 

 of England •, but the fccbhd fort is not quite fo com- 

 mon, and has been brought into feveral curious bo- 

 There 



-.-• 



A 



^ . . '^ '* * 



i 



', tanic gardens from rhe mountains in Wales. 



are alfo great variety of thefe plants in America, v/hich 



. at prefent are ftirangers in the European gardens'; 

 they' are feldom cultivated but in' botanic gardens 

 for the fake of variety, where theymAill have a moifc 

 ■ foil and fliady fituation. 



LONGITUDINAL V E S S E L S, in plants, are 



fuch as are extended in length through the wooiiy 

 parts of trees and plants, into which the air is fuppofed 



to entet, and mix with the juices of the plant, 



a 



nd 



thereby augn^ept its bulk. 



LONI- 



S- 



