UP 



fuly, yet v.'hen rain happens to fall in Auguft, 

 there are frequently frefti ilalks arife from the roots, 

 which flower the end of September, or beginning 

 of October. 



The feeds of the fifth fort are ufed in medicine ; they 

 have a bitter tafte, fo open, digeft, difTolve, and 

 cleanfc ; and if they are fteeped in water for fome 

 days, till they have loft their bitternefs, they may be 

 eaten out of necefTity, but they are fuppofed to breed 

 grofs humours, and are hard of digeftion. Some wo- 

 men ufe the flower of the feed mixed with the juice 

 of Lemons, and a little Alumen faccharinum, made 

 into the form of foft ointment, to make the face 

 fmooth, and look more amiable. 

 The fmall blue Lupine is frequently fown in Italy, 

 to drefs and manure the ground, efpecially that which 

 is intended for vineyards ; where, if they have time, 

 the ground is fown with Lupines, which grow till 

 they1)egin to flower ^ then they cut them down and 

 piourrh them into the ground, where the ftalks rot 

 with^he winter's rain ; but it is doubtful whether 

 this is any real benefit to the ground, for there are 

 few plants which draw and impoverifli the ground 

 fo much as Lupines; therefore the drefTing they 

 yield, is fcarce an equivalent for what they have 

 drawn from the ground ; but when there is not 

 time for this operation, they parboil the feeds to 

 prevent their growing, and fow them upon the ground 

 before it is ploughed, allowing fixteen bufhels to an 

 acre of land ; and this drefling is preferable to the 



- former. 

 All the forts of Lupines make a pretty appearance 

 when they are in flower, but the yellow fore is pre^ 

 ferred for its fweetnefs, though the flowers of this 

 are of ftiort duration, efpecially in warm weather ; 

 therefore the feeds of this fhould be fown at feve- 



na 



P 



ing with farina on their fummits; thek- h-i 

 Hops fucceeding to the flowers. 

 The female Hop is the iort which is cuhivated for 

 ufc; of this fort, the people who cultlvaie thmi 

 reckon three diflereiK varieties : as firll, tp.e lon^r and 

 fquare Garlick Hop, the long white Hop, and the 

 oval Hop, all which are indiric-rently cukivaud 



varieties. 

 There being the 



England, but of the male Hop there is no diSl-rcr^t 



rcateft plantation of Hops in Kent 

 that are in any county of England, it is very rro- 

 bable, that their method of planting and ordering? 

 them fliould be the beft. '^ 



As for the choice of their Hop-grounds, they eftcein 

 the richefl: apd ftrongeft grounds as the mok pro^icr- 

 they chufe a warm dry foil, that has a good depth 

 of hazel mould ; and if it be rocky widiin two or 

 three feet of the furface, the Hops will profper well* 

 but they will by no means thrive on a ftiff clay or 

 fpongy wet land. 



If it may be, chufe a piece of meadow or lay ground 

 to plant Hops on, fuch as has not been tilled or fown 

 with other crops for many years, or an old decayed 

 orchard ; for land that is worn cut by lono- bearino- 



of Corn, will require abundance of dung to bring 

 it into any tolerable condition to bear a crop of Hops. 

 The Kendfli planters accounting new land beft for 

 Hops, they plant their Hop-gardens with Apple-trees 

 at a large diftance, and with Cherry-trees between ; 

 and when the land hath done its beft for Hops, which 

 they reckon it will in about ten years, the trees may 

 begin to bear. The Cherry-trees laft about thirty 

 ■ years, and by that time the Apple-trees are large, they 

 cut down the Cherry-trees. 



The Effex planters account a naoory land the pro- 

 pereft for Hops, though there are feveral other forts 



ral times, that there may be a fucceflion of flowers j , of foil that are efteemed very good. 



through the feafon, for they will continue flowering 



till they are ftopped by hard froft ; and thofe which 



come in the autumn to flower, will continue in beauty 



; a longer tiine than the early ones. If fome of the 



J feeds are fown in the autumn on a warm border, the 



;;i plants will often live dirough the winter, and flower 



/cearly in the fpring. " . 



jlt^UPULUS.^Tourn./Inft. R. H. 535. tab. 309. 



-■ 'Humulus. Lin. Gen. Plant. 989. [This plant takes 



t 



?..■-'- 



:^ Its name of Liipus, Ltf/. a wolf, becaufe the antients 

 ^^Tja3i. notion, that wolves were wont to hide them- 

 ielves under this plant] iThe Hop; in French^ 



IJoubkn, ' - ^-.^ 



The Characters are, ' 



. "I'he male and female flowers are upon different plants. 



The empalcmoU of the male flower is compofed of five 



fmalU concave^ obtufe leaves ; // hath no petals hut has 



■ five floor t hairy ftamina^ terminated ly oblong fummits, 



^he female flowers have a general^ four-pointed^ acute 



.-. peranthium^ and a feparate oval one of four leaves^ in- 



- eluding eight flowers ; each of thefe have an empakment 



Some account that land which has a roflclly top, and 

 a^b^ick earth bpttom, the beft ; a true rofiel or light 

 fand, is what they generally plant in, whether it be 

 white or black, .^n^ ^ ^^,i.-^ '''->. - . • - 



Moory land is of different forts, fome being ftrong 

 and heavy, fo as to crack in fummer j and fome fo 

 light, that in dry feafons it will blov/ aAvay with the 

 wind ; and fome are of a middle confiftcnce, being 

 compofed of both. 



Thefe moors for goodnefs and value, are according 

 to the nature and goodnefs of the foil that is under- 

 neath them J which being flung up upon the firrface, 

 will make a very good mixture, it being belt to fling 

 the under foil downward for Hops, becaufe they na- 

 turally root downwards, fometims four or Eve yards 

 deep, and therefore the deepeft and richeft foil is beft 

 for them. - ; • ■ 



Few are acquainted with the valueof moors, becaufe 

 they do not fearch into the bottom of them, by reafon 

 of the expenfivenefs of doing it, and the difficulty of 

 carrying off the water. 



^'of one leaf which isclofedat the bafe. ^^hefe J^aveyiei- j 3 If the land be moift, it ought to be laid up in high 

 ther petal or flamina^ but a fmall germen fituated in the \ fridges, arid to be well drained, and the dniins kept 



, center^ fupporting two awl-fhapedftyles^ crowned by acute ^ 

 refle>cedy Jpreadingftigmas. The germen afterward turns 



't clear and open, efpecially in winter, that the water 

 'do iiot rot or'tob much chill the roots. '■" ■".: . 



to a roundifl:? feed covered with a thin Jkin, inclofed in the \ If the land be four or cold, it will be very much 



i hafe of the empalement, ■-'>:.,, V- 



' ' \ 



? -^ 



^■^ .-V.J 



I - 



/-helped by burning it-,, and if the haukn and ftrings 



.«■ 



•<. 



■» _- 



* * 



-* 



^^ 





t • 



« 



I » 





? »■ 



' t • 



^ , -v 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fifth fedion of j pf the Hops be burnt every year, and fome of the pa- 



Linnasus's twenty-iecond clafs, intitled Dioecia Pen- J -'■- ring of fides of the garden or other earth be laid on 



tandria, which includes thofe plants whofe male arid them as they burn, and then more haulm be laid over 



^female flowers are upon different plants, and the male |.\.::«hat, andfo continued layer upon layeY, it will make 



an excellent compoft to make the hills v/ith. 



-As to the fituadon of a Hop-ground, one that inclines 



to the fouthor weft is the moft eligible j but if it be 



. -expofed to the north-eaft or fouth-weft winds, there 



.fhould be acenterof Ipme trees at a diftance ^ becaufe 



■the north-eaft are apt to nip the tender ftioots in the 



'.^ young ftioots of thefe plants are often gathered in the J fpring, and the fouth-weft frequently break and blo^v 



ipring by the poor people, and_^ boiled as an efculent j the poles at the latter end of the fummer, and very 



much endanger the Hops. 



Hops require to be planted in an open fituation, that 

 the air may freely pafs round and between tlicm to dry 



up and diflipate the moifture, whereby they wiil not 



bw 



flowers have five ftamma. v 

 ■ We have but one Species of this 2;enus, viz. 

 LupuLus {Huinllus) mas & femina, C. B. P. 29 S. Male 

 'y and female Hop, ^ .'.' I ' ^.'r.r. a ■ 



/ : /The male Hop grows wild by the fide of hedges 

 ' ,::^ndupon banks, in many parts of England: the 



- , ri 



herb ; but thefe muft be taken very young, other- 

 wife they are tough and ftringy, it is eafily diftin- 

 guiftied by the flowers, which are fmall, and hang in 



longloofc bunches from the fide of the ftalks, abound- 



4 

 ■ 



