Y C 



tario. Vaill. ff^fld while Campion ^d^ith a large ujfuited 



■ 'tnrpalement. 



• The firft fort is commonly known by the tide of 

 Scarlet Lychnis ; of which there is one with double 

 flov/ers, which is moft efteemcd for the fize of the 



■ flowers and multiplicity of the petals; as alfo for 

 the duration of the flowers, which continue much 



■ longer in beauty than the fingle flowers, fo that the 

 latter is not much cultivated at prefent, though the 

 flowers of this are very beautiful ; and as the plants 



' are fo eafily propagated by feed, they may foon be 

 had in greater plenty than thofe with double flowers. 

 Which do not produce feeds. Of the fingle fort there 

 are three varieties, the deep fcarlet, the flefh-colour, 



'■ and the vv'hite, but the firft is the moft beautiful. 



-' This is eafily propagated by feeds, which Ihould be 



^ fown on a border expofed to the eaft, in the middle 

 of March. The plants will appear in April, when if 

 the feafon is dry, they fhould be refrefhed with water 

 two or three tLmes a w^eek. By the beginning of June 

 the plants will be fit to remove, when there fhould 

 be a bed of common earth prepared to receive them ; 



• into which they fhould be planted at about four inches 

 apart, obferving to water and fliade them till they 

 have taken root ; after which time they will require 

 no other care but to keep them clean from weeds till 

 the following autumn, when they fliould be tranf- 

 planted into the borders of the pleafure-garden, where 



planes as thofe Vvhlch are planted 



fuccecd, and thofe which do, will not be near fo cvcoj 

 - * . • ' • ^ < • ^.y^^^ ^^ therefore 



it will be better to facrifice the flowers of fonie roots 

 for this purpofe. Thcfe plants delight in a loft, rich 

 loamy foil, not too moift or iliff, in wliich they will 

 thriv^e and flovv^er very ftrong, but tliey do not care 

 for much dung, which very often caules the roots to 

 canker and rot, fo that in the rich dunt^ed lands 

 about London, they do not thrive well. As thcfe 

 plants grow tall, they fliouki be planted in the mi^d- 

 dle of large borders, and not crowded with other 

 plants, for their roots extend to a large diftance- fo 

 if they arc incommoded by other roots, it will ftiat 

 their growth. 



I have not feen any double flowers of the two other 

 varieties^ but have been informed that there are of 

 both the white and the flefli-colour with double flowers 

 in fome of the French gardens. Thefe make a vari- 

 ety, but are not fo beautiful as the fcarlet, fo are not 

 much efteemed. 



The fecond fort is commonly called Red German 

 Catchfly. This hath been found growing naturally 

 upon the rocks in Edinburgh Park, and in fome places 

 in Wales. It was formerly cultivated in flower-gardens 

 for ornament, but fince this fort with doubleliowers 

 hath been produced, the fingle has b.f'en almoft ba- 

 nifhed out of the gardens. This hath long, narrow, 

 Grafs-like leaves, which come out from the^oot with- 



^\ 



they are to continue. The fummer following thefe I out order, fitting clofe ro the ground ; between thefe 



plants will flov/er and produce ripe feeds, but the 

 ' roots will abide feveral years and continue to flower. 

 • This fort flowers in June and July, and the feeds 

 ^ ripen in autumn. It may alfo be propagated by ofi^- 



fets, but as the feeds ripen fo freely, few perfons 



trouble themfelves to propagate the plants any other 

 ; way. The French call this plant Jerufalem Crofs. ■': 

 "' The fort with double flowers is a valuable plant, the 

 ' flowers are very double, and of a beautiful fcarlet 

 ■ ' colour. This hath a perennial root, from which arife 



two, three, or four ftalksj according to the ftrength 

 ■ of the roots ; thefe iii rich moift land, grow upwards 

 ' of four feet high ; the ftalks are ftrong, ereft, and 



hairy. They are garnifhed the v^hole length with 



come up ftrait fingle ftalks, which in good ground 

 rife a foot and half high ■, at each joint of the ftalk 

 come out two leaves oppofite, of the fame form as 

 the lower, but decreafe in their fize upward -, under 

 each pair of leaves, for an inch in length, there 

 .fweats out of the ftalk a elutinous liquor, which is 



almoir as clammy as birdlime, fo that the flies which 



to light upon thefe places, are faftened to the 



ftalk, where they die, from whence it had the title of 



4/ Catchfly, -'^ The ftalk is terminated by a clufter of 



-purple flowers, and from the two upper joints come 



out on each fide of the ftalk a clufter of the fame 



; flowers, fo that the whole form a fort of loofe fpike. 



Thefe appear in the beginning of May 



* fpear-fhaped leaves fitting clofe to the ftalks, placed { flowers are fucceeded by roundifli feed-vefl^els, which 

 oppofite J and juft above each pair of leaves, there I are full of fmall angular feeds ripening in July. 



; are four fmaller leaves ftanding round the ftalk. I It may be propagated in plenty by parting of the 



'' The flowers are produced in clofe clufters fitting upon 



*' the top of the Iralk ; when the roots are ftrong, the 



^' clufters of flowers will be very large, fo they make a 



'"fine appearance, the flowers being very double, and 

 of a bright fcarlet colour. They appear the latter end 



■^ month in beauty. The ftalks decay in autumn, and 

 '■ new ones arife in the fpring. This was originally pro- 

 .^ *' duce^ from the feeds of the fingle fort, and is propa- 

 gated by flips taken froni the roots in autumn ; but 

 ' as this is a flow method of increafing the pTarits, the 

 beft way to have them in plenty, is to cut off the 



roots in autumn, at which time every flip will grow; 

 or if the feeds are fown in the fame manner as is di- 

 rected for the firft fort, the plants with fingle flowers" 

 may be raifed in plenty. This delights in a light 

 moift foil and a fhady fituation. 

 The double flowering of this fort was accidentally 

 obtained from the feeds of the fingle. This hath not 

 been known forty years in the Englifli gardens, but it 

 is now fo common as to have excluded that with fingle 

 . flowers ; it differs only from that in the doublenefs 

 of the flowers. As this never produces feeds, fo it can 

 "only be propagated by parting and flipping of the 

 ■roots; the beft time for this is in autumn, at which 



; may be cut into fmall lengths, each of which fhould I , time every flip will grow. If this is performed in 



^* have three or four joints, which fiiould be planted 



/ on'anekft border of foft loamy earth,' putting three 



, *\of the joints^ into the ground^, leaving one eye juft 



. ^' level with thefurface; thefe muft be watered, and 



''"^then covered clofe with bell or hahd-glaflfes, fo as to 



> exclude the outward air,' and fliaded with mats when 



. ';~_^'the fun fhines hot upon them. The cuttings fo ma- 



_naged will put out roots in five or fix v/ecks, when 



.J -; they muft be expofed to the open air, and in very 



; f 3ry weather they fl^ould be now and then refrefhed 



j^.with water, but it muft not be repeated too often, 



'J^npr given in large quantities, fbr too much moifture 



■' wUl caufe them to rot. Thefe will make good plants 



by the following autumn, when they may be tranf- 



'planted into the borders of the pleafure-garden, where 



they will floWcr the followine: fummer. 



bom6 people -who are covetous to have their plants 



flower, fufFer the ftalks to remain till the flowers are 



decayed, and' then cut them oft" to plant ; but by that 



time the ftalks are gl'owri hard, fo but few of them 



-f -I 



September, the flips will have taken good root be- 

 fore the froft, and will flower well the following fum- 



' mer ^'butif they are expecfted to flower ftrong, the 

 roots muft not be divided into fmall flips, though for 



^multiplying the plants, it matters not how fmall the 

 flips are. Thefe fhould be planted on a border ex- 

 pofed to the morning fun, and fhaded when the fun 

 is warm till they have taken root. If the flips are 

 planted in the beginning of September, they will be 

 rooted ftrong enough to plant in the borders of 

 the flower-garden by the middle or latter end of Oc- 

 tober. The roots of this fort multiply (o faft, as to 

 make it neceffary to tranfplant and part them every 

 year ; for when they are let remain longer, they are 

 very apt to rot. This fort requires the fame foil and 

 fituation as the former. 



The third fort grows naturally by the fide of ditches 

 and in moift paftures in many parts of England, ^o 

 is feldom admitted into gardens ; it hath a perennial 



root, from v/hich arife jnany branching diffufcd ftaUs 



from 



