MAR 



M A T 



cy 



fill the pots wlih their roots in about a month or fix I the fiioots of the young ftalks will take root, if th 



weeks time, when they fiiould be fliiftcd into pots j arc planted in pots filled with light earth, and plungcj 



into a hot-bed during any of the fummer months' 

 The third fort grows naturally in I.ouifiana, from 

 whence the feeds were brouofht to France. 



about a foot diameter at the top, which fliould be 

 filled with light rich earth, and then plunged into 

 the hot-bed in the bark-ftove, where they fliould be 

 allowed room, bccaufe they put out many fide 

 branches, and will grow three feet high or more, ac- 

 cording to the warmth of the bed, and the care which 

 is taken to fupply them condantly with water; and 

 fhould be conltantly kept in the tan-bed, giving them 

 plenty of free air at all times when the weather is 

 warm, but they will not bear to be expofed abroad 

 in this country; when thcfe plants thrive well they 

 will fend out many fide branches, which will all of 

 them produce fmall fpikes of flowers j but it is only 

 from the firft fpike of flowers that good feeds can 

 be expefted in this country, fo that pahicular care 

 fiiould be taken, that none of thefe are pulled off or 

 dcflroyed, becaufe it is very difficult to obtain good 

 ; feeds here -, and I believe few of tliofe that are pro- 

 , . duced on the fide branches in the natural country of 

 their growth, are duly ripened ; for I have received 

 a great quantity of thefe feeds from abroad, which 

 have appeared to be very good, and yet few of them 



have grown. 



The feeds of thefe plants have a ftrong green cover- 

 ing on them, as thick as the outer covering of an Al- 

 mond, and when the feeds are ripe, the covering 

 opens, and lets the feeds fall, in the fame manner as 

 the covering of Almonds, Walnuts, &c. In each co- 



-' ^ yering there is one hard nut, in fliapc fomewhat like a 

 beetle, having two fharp crooked horns at ohe end. 

 This nut contains four embryos, but there are fel- 

 dom more than two feeds which are perfed: in any of 

 them. However, when they are fown, the whole' nut 

 muft be planted, for It is fo hard, that it is almoft 



, impoflible to take out the feedswithout fpoiling them ; 



fo where there are two plants produced from the fame 

 •.Tnut, they aVe eafily fep^f^ted, elpecially if they are 

 ;■ 4:ranfplanpecL,'V5[hile young. Thefe feeds will continue 

 "I.;;;|good for fonie years, for t faved a pretty large quan- 

 .V-tity ofthem in theyear 1734, part of which I fowed 



1 1 u • r 1 *• '^^s is 



an annnal plant, having a iuccuient vifcous ftaik 



which divides into many branches ; thcfe thick fuc* 

 culcnt ftalks become too weighty for the ftalk 

 fupport them, whereby the ftall<: generally. is brouoht 

 to the ground, unlefs it is well fupportcd : the leaves 

 are large, vifcous, and hairy; fgrne of them are cut 

 into angles, but for the moft part they are entire" 

 five or fix inches long, and four broad in the miV 

 die.' The flowers are produced from the forks of 

 the ftalk in Ihort fpikes ; they are of a pale red co- 

 lour, and in fhape and fize like thofe of the firft fore- 

 they are fucceeded by fruit four or five inches lono-' 

 having a thick green cover, which parts and falls cIf 

 v;hen ripe, leaving a rough beetle-fhaped vefiel, hp.v- 

 ing two very long horns at the end, opening in tv/o 

 parts, containing fevcral oval feeds, covered with 

 a black flcin, which muft be taken off before the feeds" 

 are fown. 



This being an annual plant, fnould be brouo^ht for- 

 ward in the fpring, by fowing the feeds on a hot-bed 

 the latter end of March •, and when the plants come 

 up, they fliould be treated almofl: in the fame man- 

 ner as the firft, with this difference only, that beintr 

 more hardy than the firft, the plants fhould have more 

 air admitted to them, to prevent their drawing up 

 weak J nor fliould they have too much water inllmi- 

 mer,' which is apt to rot their fucculent ftems before 

 the feeds are perfefted. 



MARVEL OF PERU. See Mirabilis. ' . 

 MARUM. See Teucrtum. 



MARUM VULGARP:. See Satureja, ■^' 

 MARYGOLD. -SeeCALENDuLA. 

 Mi^^HYGOLD (AFRICAN.) SeeTAOETEs. 

 MARIGOLD (FIG.) See M^sembryanthemum. 

 MARYGOLD (FRENCH.) See Tagetes, 

 MASTERWORT. ''See Imperatoria. 



u 



the following year, b.yt had not One plant produced 

 .^from them; the. remainder of the feeds I divided, 

 . vv: and fowed fome^of them every fucceedihg year, with- 

 , >' -out 'any fucccfs,""uhtil the "year 1738, when I fowed' 

 \; rail the feeds I had left, from which I had one plant 

 * produced ; fo that if the feeds are good, it is evi- 

 dent they will grow when they are four years old ; 

 therefore, whenever we receive good feeds from 

 abroad, or fave any in this country which are per- 

 feftly ripened, it will be proper to preferve fome of 

 them for a year or two, left a, bad feafon fhould hap- 

 pen, when the plants may not perfeft their feeds ; fo 

 .^. that if this precaution be not taken, the fpecies may 



be loft in' Europe. . ^ ..- - .r. .:, ' 



'*'' ;The fecond Tort dies tQ the root ?very^wintei\'"and 

 - rifes again the fucceeding fpring'V this muft be con- 



tab. 





MASTICHINA. See Satureja. 



MATRICARIA, Tourn. Tnft. R. R 493 



'281/ Lin. Gen.^Plant. 867. [fo called from the ma^ 



;'trrx, becaufe t^^^ is very good againft difcafes 



■ of the womb ; and for the fame reafon it is called 



' Parthenlum, of IlafflEt^, a virgin.] Fever/ewi v* 



'French^ Mat rkaire. ' ': ' - 



Th'e Characters are. 



i'.-^ 



y^ 



- 1^*--' 



■^ A 



^ •? -* 



*■- 



.. flrantly preferved in the ftqye, and plunged into the 



bark-bed, otherwife it will not thrive in thi^ country. 



During the- winter feafon, 'when the plants "are decay- 



.^.y:ed,' they fhould hav^biit little water'givfeft ib them, 



'"^ for at that time it .\^ill rqt the r90^r^;In tfe middle 



pf Maf ch, juft befpre the plants begin to flioqt, isthe, 



>-'s. ^-^ 



-,1 



%^ proper leafon to tranfplant and part the roots, when 

 •^; they ftioulcf t)e planted into pots of a middle fize, ^j^' 

 ;— filled with light rich earth; ^aiid* then pTunged into '^ 

 the bark-bed, which ftiould at this tir^e be rehewed 



It;' 



j.^.Vfith fome fr.efli tan, .When fheplants^come up, they 

 ** ' xnuft be frequently refreftied with water, but it muft 



t x 



■Lt,not 6e given to them in large "quantities, left it rot 

 :J^^.r their tender roots; and as the warmtK of the 'ieafon 



// bath a compound flower. Tberay^ or horier^jscm- 

 fofed of many female half floret s^ nnd the ^i/k^k'tncb 

 is hemtfpherical^ of hermaphrodite florets •, thefe are in- 

 eluded in one common hemifpherical empaleraent^ covtpofd 

 of linear fcaleSy nearly equal. The female half florets 

 are tonguefloaped^ and iitdented in three parts at the end-, 

 . thefe have a naked germen^ fupporting a flender flyle^ ter- 

 minated by two twified ftigmas,- .The hermfhrcdite fo- 

 T'fr^M^^^^ ^^^^lou^-» junnel-fhaped^ nnf cut into five pcH sat 

 ,^. ,^^bebrimy which fpread open \ they ' have each five hairy 

 '^[ P^ortfiamina-, termiy\dUd by cylindrical fiujimits^ ^-Jl^ ^^ 

 'fiiblong naked germen^ with a Jlender ftyk^ crcwneiby^ 

 ^ ' 'Mfidfpr easing ftt^mkT' the germen of both tp-nTofingU^ 

 ^ Mtong, naked feeds/' ; ■■-.'■,* ^ ; - " ■ ";v ,^ ;-. , , .. . -v^^ ^ ■ 

 v"' Thi^/genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fcftion 

 ' . of Linnasus's ninpteepth c^afs,'' which _ includes'^ the 

 plants^ with corppoi^nd flowfrs, Whofe ftimjna'and 

 ftyles are cOnneaedl^ and the florets^are all fruitful. 

 - , The Species are, ^;;:"' 

 I /Matricaria" {Parthenium) foliis cbrnpo^tis plams, 



foliolis ovatis incifis, pedunculis ramofis. Hort. Can. 



'hfekbes 



■-'f ■ t 





Matn- 



*Ti "^^ 



* • - 



^ • incfeafes, It will be proper to admit a large fliare of 

 *.„.Jfrefh air, which will greatly ftrengthen , the plants ; 

 ' "' they niuft alfo be placed in the tan-bed, where they are 

 not over-huns;, orftiaded by other plants ; nor rfiould 

 :_ > they be Ihifted or tranfplanted when they are in leaf, 

 \ for that will prevent their flowering." As the roots 

 , . of this plant incfeate very faft, there is no neceflity 

 ^ -for ufing other methods to propagate it; otherwife 



"416. Feverfew with plain compounded _ leaves^ 



are oval and cut^ having branching foot-flalks 



caria vulgaris, feu lativa. C. B. P. 133. Common^ or 



\ Garden Feverfew. K^'-ff -•-.-'"/' - -^ — ^_ 



2. Matricaria (Mariima) receptaculis hemifph^ncis, 



foliis bipinnatis fubcarnofis, fupti convexis, fubtus 



-carinatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. Sor.^ Feverfew tvilb hem- 



fphericql receptacles^ doubly winged leaves^ which arep^pjy 



■ and convex on their upper fide ^ hit ' keel-floapd helo'-^; 



■■ Chamsfirhelum maritimum perenne humilius, f<^his 



• # 





1 - 



't 



( 



. % 



- <■> 



