M. E 



fullo, pulegii odore. Bocc. Muf, Roman CaJnmint ivilb 



a M<^fj^^^^^^ ^^^f'> ^'^^^ the f cent of Penny Roy ah 

 y[zL\'^^^{Fruticofc 

 jis,foliis lubtustomentofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 593. Shrubby 



frutcfcens, 



Shruhbv 



m thetr under fae. Calamintha Hifpanica 

 mari folio. Tourn. Inft. 194 

 ' Spanip Calami fit %mth a Marum leaf. 

 The iirftforc grows naturally On the mountains near 

 Geneva, and in fome parts of Italy, but is cultivated 

 here in gardens as a medicinal and culinary herb. It 

 has a perennial root, and an annual ilalk, which is 

 fquare, branching, and rifcs from two to three feet 

 Jiighj garnifhed v/ith leaves fet by pairs at each joint, 

 v/hich are two inches and a half long, and almofttwo 

 inches broad at their bafe, growing narrower toward 

 the top, indented about their edges, and the lower 

 ones ftanding upon pretty long foot-ftalks. The 

 fiowers grow in loofe fmall bunches at the wings of 

 the ftalk, in whorls, ftanding upon fingle foot- 

 . . ftalks ; they are of the lip kind, the upper lip ftand- 

 ing erect and is forked ; the under lip is divided into 

 thrfe parts -, the middle one is roundiili^ and indent- 

 ed at the top. The flowers are white, and appear in 

 July. The whole plant has a pleafant fcent, fome- 

 what like Lemons. ^ „ ^ .. ■/ '.V 



It is reckoned to be cordial, cephalic, and goo4 for 

 all difordersof the head and nerves ^ there is a fim- 

 pie water of this herb, v, It is alfo ufed as Tea, and 

 - is by fome greatly efteemed for^^tHat'purpofe ; there ' 



, is a variety of this with ftripec^ leavcst, ,. ,.; ., ;.„,; ! 



■ This plant is eafily propagated by parting; of the 



. root ; the beft time tor this is in October, that the 



offsets may have time to get "ro*ot before the frofts 



come on. The roots may be divided into fmall pieces 



fv .^ith.thfegorfpur bu^s toeach, and planted two feet 



- '-^^ apart in beds of common garden earth, in which they 



^^ willfoon fprcad and meet together ; the only culture 



it requires is to keep it clean from weeds, and cut off 



the decayed ftalks in autumn, ftirring the ground 



.'.between the plants. 



.v; The fecond fort grows naturally about .Rome, and 



vj.-mfeveral parts of Italy i this hath a perennial root, 



- and an annual ftalk like the former. The ftalks are 



flender, the leaves are much fliorter than thofe of 



.; the former fort, and the whole plant is hairy, and 



..'.:, of a ftrong difagreeable odour. ;vThe flowers grow 



•iff whorls, fitting pretty clofe tp^ the bfanches,^ and 



are fmaller than thofe of the firft fort: it flowers 



about the fame time. It is feldom preferved in 



gardens, but may be cultivated in the fame way as 



the former. 



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X Tufcany and Auftria, but is preferved in many Eng- 



ardens for the fake of variety". ,,;.lt hath a peren- 



lifh 



foot 



nial root, and an annual ftalk, which rifes a 



i; high, garnifliedat ,eachjoiot,w;itl^ tyo leaves ftand- 



.ing oppofite, which ^re an inch and ahalf lonj;, and 



three quarters of an inch broad, lawed on their edges, 



: of a lucid green on their upper fide, and whitifti on 



^ their under : from the wings of the ftalks come out 



fingle foot-ftalks half an inch long, which divide in- 



,'_vto two fmaller, and each of thefe fuftain two flowers 



■^v upon fhort feparate foot-ftalks. The flowers are large, 



, of a purple colour, and fiiaped like thofe' of the other 



'. vJpecles. It flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in 



' Auguft. This may be propagated^ in. the fame way 



. as the firft fort, and. the plants may be treated in the 



fame manner. .-- . 



The fourth fort is the common Calamint of the fliops, 



which grows naturally in many parts of England, fo is 



feldom kept in gardens. It h-ath a perennial root, 



,from which arife feveral fquare ftalks near a foot lon_ 



which are hairy, and garniflied with two roundifli 



. leaves at each joint, about the fize of thofe of Pot 



■ Marjoram, a little indented on their edges, and of a 



flrong penetrating odour. ^ The flowers come out in 



vvliorls on the fide of the ftalks, upon foot-ftalks, 



\vhich divide by pairs, and are as long as the |eaves ; 



.< ; thefe fuftain feveral fmall bluifli flowers* which appear 



cr 

 o 



M E 



in July, and are fucceedcd each bv four finall, round- 

 ifli, black feeds. The herb is ufed in medicine, and 

 is hotter, and abounds with niore lubtile and volatile 

 parts than Mint. It provokes urine, brings down 

 the menfes, opens the liver, and is good for coughs. 



This may be planted in gardens, and treated in the 

 fame v/ay as the common Baum. 



The fifrh fort is found in greater plenty than the 

 fourth, growing wild in England. The ftalks of this 

 are longer and bend towards the ground. The leaves 

 are larger, and more indented on their edges, and 

 have a very ftrong fcent like Penny Royal. The 

 whorls of flowers are fct clofer together than thofe of 

 the fourth fort, but in other refpe6ls they agree. 

 The fixth fort grov/s naturally in the fouth of France 

 and in Italy ; this is not of fo long duration as 'the 

 former forts, feldom continuing more than two or 



The ftalks are flender, a little ligneous, 

 and are garnifhed with fmall, roundifti, hoary leaves, 

 placeti oppofite at each joint. 



duced in whorls toward the upper {iart of the 

 ftalks. 



three years. 



The flowers are pro- 



• 



fpecies, 



% ' 



•r s 



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which are terminated by a loofe fpike; they 

 are fmall and white, fliaped like thofe of the other 



and appear in June ; thefe are fucceeded by 

 feeds, which ripen in a\uumn, and if they are per- 

 mitted to fcattcr, there will be a fufficient fupply of 

 young plants. 



The fevemh fort gi-ows naturally in Italy; this is a 

 bienniar plant, whofe Italks are about eight inches 

 long, declining toward the ground, and are garnifhed 

 v/ith roundifli leaves abpu; the fize of Marjoram, of 

 a_ light green colour. The flowers come out in clofe 

 whorls on the upper pare of the ftalks, each ftanding 

 upon' a fliort feparate foot-ftalk; they are large', and 

 of a bright purple colour,appearingin July and Auguft* 

 and the feeds ripen in autumn; this is propaRated 

 by feeds, which uiould be fown foon after they are 

 ripe, and then the plants will come up in the Ipring ; 

 but v/hen the feeds are not fown till the fpring, 

 they feldom grow til! the next year. The plants m.ay 

 alfo be propagated by cuttings, which if planted in 

 the fummer, and fliaded from the fun, will take root 



very freely. If thefe plant 



s 





on a warm border. 



they will live through the winter, but topreferve the 



fpecies, a plant or two fliould be kept in pots, and 



fheltered under a frame in winter. 



The eighth fort grows naturally in Spain ; this hath 



flender flirubby ftalks about nine inches long, which 



- ^ut out fmall fide branches oppofite, and are garnifti- 



e(J with fimil^lioary, oval-pointed leaves,' placed by 



pairs- tliefe have much the appearance'of thofe of the 



;^. Marum/' '^ The fioweVs grow in w^horled fpikes, at the 



' -end of the ftalks ; they are fmall and white, appear- 



;j:;_mg in July, and the feeds r)pen in autumn. The 



'' whole jplant^has a "ftrong fcenc of Penny Royal; this 



plant is'i^f as flioit' a duration as the feventh fort, and 



may be propagated either by feeds or cuttings in the 



fame way as the feventh, and the plants require the 



treatment. - - ,* - . :■ - "' v ^ -v- 



MELISSA TURCICA. See Dracocepha- 



fame 



LON, 



MELITTIS. 



Greater Dead Nettle. 



The Characters are. 



It hath an ereEl^ taper ^ bell-Jhaped empalementy having 

 two lips ; the upper is tall aitd indented^ the under is Jhort 

 and bifid \ the flc-jver is ringent, the tube is longer than 

 . the empalement^ the chaps are thicker ; the upper lip is 

 roundijlj^ plaijh and erc6i\ the lower 'is trifid^ fpreadingy 

 and obtufe: ' It hath four ft amhm^ which are awl-fJjapcd^ 

 fttuated under the upper lip, two being a little longer than 

 the other y termindled by bifid cbttfe fimmits^ which are 

 placed a crcfs \ it hath ancbtufe^ qucdrifid^ hairy germen 

 fupporting a flender ftyle^ crowned by a bifid acute ftig-- 

 ma, ne flower is fucceedcd by four feeds which ripen in 



^the empalement. . - 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fecSlion of 

 Linnaeus's fourteenth clafs, intitkd Didynamia Gym- 

 nofpermia^ the flowers having two long and two fhort 

 ftaminaj' and are fucceedcd by four naked fee"ds"fit-' 



ting in the cmpalement. 



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