M O N 



will produce their fruit tolerably well ; and in this 

 way they make a better appearance, than when the 

 Vines Ipread oa.the ground like Cucumbers and Me- 

 lons. But when the plants fpread on the ground, 

 which is their natural way of growing, they thrive 

 much better, and produce more fruit, than when they 

 arc fupporled \ for though thefe plants have clafpers, 

 yet thele are not formed for climbing, but merely to 

 tailen thernfelves about any neighbouring fupport, to 

 fecure tKem from being raifed by the wind and brok- 

 en -, which would often happen, where the^ grow in 

 tlie open air and are fully expofed, were it not' for 

 this fccurity. ' * " 



The fourth fort is eafily propagated by feeds, which 

 (as was before mentioned) if permitted to fcatter, 

 there will be a fupply of plants come up the following 

 fprjng i or if the feeds are fown upon a bed of light 

 earth, the plants will come up in about a month after, 

 S.nd maybe tranfplanted to an open fpot of ground, 

 in rows at three or four feet diftance, and almoft as 

 farafunder in the rows ; if thefe are carefully tranf- 

 planted while young, tlierewill be little hazard of their 

 growing i and after they have taken new' root, they 

 v/ill require no further care, but to keep them clear 

 from weeds. If the ground is dry in which they are 

 planted, the roots will continue three or four years, 

 ■ unlefs the v/inter fhould prove very fevere, which'will 



kill them->.. .-.•^.>-^ ^\ . . 

 M O N A R D a; Xin,',lfeen. 



ant. 



4- Leonurus, 



PI 



Tourn. Inft. R. H* 187. tab. 87. 

 .. The Characters are, 



T'he floiver has a tuhJous cylindrical eynpdtemeni of one 

 Icaf^ ijohich is channelled^ and cut into five equal paints at 

 the brim, I'be flower^h^qtk one petal^.and is of the lip 

 kind. ba^yt^^Z ^ cylindrical tube longer than the empale- 



V ■*•« 



ment^ divided at the top into two lips^' 'Yhe upper lip is 



'd ere^ ; the under lip is broad^ trifidy 



entire, am 



fr 



. narroWy 



- and refiexed \ the middle Jegment ^ being long and narrow^ 

 -i thofe 0^} he fide are obtufe... J( hath two brijily ftamina 

 ■■^jbej^^ngtk, of the upper^ lipy in^mch it is involved^ ter- 



- minated by compreffed ere£i Summits, ^Tn the bottom of 

 Kthetubejs fituated a four-pointed germen^ fupporttng a 



Jlenderfiyle involved with the ftamina., ' and^crowh/d by an 



ivma. .^. 



■* 



acuie 



(T ^— -^ ' "^ 



na 



. The gcrmen afterward turns to four 

 inclofed in the empalement. ,' ^,'" ' """ ■ 

 iuThisgpnus of plants is rangeci in tKe firffi feftion of 

 *^ Linnicus's fecond clafsrwhicir includes ifee ptants 

 *^ whofe flowers have two HanTin^ an3 one ftyle. '* 



The Species are. 



< ' ■ 



* k 



r r I ■-. 



l.,MoN*ARDA {Fiftulofa) capitulis term.inalibus, caule 

 >ivobtuf-anc;ulo. Hort. Upfal. 12. Moharda with heads 

 ' ^f flowers terminating the Jlalks., which have cbtuje an- 

 ' ^/t'j^'^i Leonurus Canadenfis, origiini ' folio. Tourn. 

 ci.Tnft. R. H. 187. Canada Lion^s Tally with an Origa- 



z: MoNARDA iBiayma) noribus capitatis, fub-didyna- 



Monarda 



mis, 



caule acutangulo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 32, 



with headed flowers^ whofe Jidmina are dlmoji in iwio bo- 



.. dieSy and an acute angular fialk\ \Monarda floribus Ca- 



pitatis vcrticillatifque, caule acutangulO|^_ foliis:lance|- 



. olato-ferratis elabris. Butt. Cun. 226. Monarda with 



! flowers colle£ledtn heads and whorh^ an acute-angular 



. .-flalk^ andfinooth^ flawed^ fpear-Waped leaves^ commofily 



.:,. called Ofwego Tea... ;^y^,., ^ ,,^_,:,^ ,,. ^^\ ^_\ ' 



3. Monarda {Pun£lata) floribus ..verticillatis,'c6rollis 



rrW 





* « 



V^v 



punftatis. Hart. Upfal. iz/' Monardq_ with flowers 

 growing in whorls^ '^^^ petals are fpotted," Clinopo- 

 diuni Virginianum, anguftifolium^ floribus amplis 

 luteis, purpura macula notatis, cujiiscaulls fub'quo- 

 .vis verticillo decern vel duodecim foliolis rubentibus 

 eft eircumcindis, Banift. Rail Sup. 300." Narrow- 



^ leaved Field Bqfil of Virginia^ with large yellow "powers 



^ ■' fpotted with purple^ whofe ftalks have ten or twelve red- 

 difh leaves under each whorl of flowers. . . ' ' 

 Thelfirft fort grows naturally in Canada, and many 



'- other parts of North America. It hath a perennial 

 root, compofed of many ftrong fibres, which fpread 

 far on every fide. The ftalks rife near three feet high, 

 which are hairy, and , ha ve^obtufe angles; thefe fend 



• out two or' four fmall (ide branches toward die top 



M 



N 



-\ 



garnifhed with oblong leaves, broad at thdr Safe but 

 terminate in acute points ; they are hairy, a little i 

 dented on their edges, ftanding on fl>ort hairy foo?" 

 ftalks, and are placed oppofite. The ftalk ari 

 branches are terminated by heads of purple flov-ers 

 which have along involucrum, compokd of 'five 

 acute-pointed leaves. The flowers have each t\v 

 ftamina which are longer than the petal, with a iKJc 

 of the fame length, crowned by a bifid ftigma. The 

 flowers appear in July, and are fuccceded by* feeds 

 which ripen in the autumn. - ' 



The fecond fort grows naturally in North America, 

 where the inhabitants frequently ufe the leaves for 

 tea, fo it is commonly called Ofwego Tea, by which 

 title it was brought to England. This hath a peren- 

 nial root and an annual ftalk, which decays every au- 

 tumn. The ftalks of this fort are fmooth, havincy 

 four acute angles ; they rife about two feet hio-h and 

 are garniflied with fmooth, oval, fpear-fliapet? leaves 

 which are indented on their edges, and ftand'opp^fue 

 on very ftiort foot-ftalks ; thefe when bruifed, emit a 

 very grateful refrefliing odour ; the ftalks fend out 

 toward their top two or four fmall fide branches 

 which are garnilhed with fmall leaves of the fame 

 fbape v/ith the other. The flowers are produced in 

 large heads or whorls at the top of the ftalk, and 

 there is often a fmaller whorl of flowers, growing 

 round the ftalk at a joint below the head ; and out of 

 the head arifes a naked foot-ftalk, fuftaining a fmall 

 head or whorl of flowers ; the flowers are of a bright 

 red colour 5 they have two lips, the upper lip is 

 long, narrow, and entire, the under lip is cut into 

 three parts \ they have each two ftamina which arc 

 longer than the petal, terminated by comprefledfum-. 

 mits, and many of them have two fliorter ftamina. 

 Without fummits. The plant flowers in July, but in a 

 'inoift feafon, or when the plants are m a moift foil, 

 they will" continue in flower till the middle or latter 





-* V 



<■ I 



■* 



■'U 



;end of September. 



'BotK' thefe forts may be^ propagated by parting of 

 : t^eir roots > thefirft does not multiply fo fad as the 

 'iecond, but as that produces^plenty of feeds, fo it may 

 ^ be'bafily propagated' that way. If the feeds areTowa 

 in the autumn fooifi after they are ripe, the plants will 

 'come up the following fpringv but if thef are' not 

 fown till fpring, the plants feldpm rife ;ti|l tfie next 

 year. "When the plants are come up and are fit to 

 remove, they ftiould be tranfplanted into a /liady bor- 

 der about nine inches diftance, and v/hen they have 

 taken new root, they will require no other care But to 

 keep them clean from weeds till the autumn, "When 

 they fhould be tranfplanted into the borders where 

 they are "to remain. The following* fummer they 

 will flowei" and produce ripe feeds, but llie 'roots 

 'will continue feveral years, and rriayl)epaffe3'eve-' 

 ry other year to increafe them. ; . This JQvxi a fofc 

 loamy foil, and a fituation not too much expofed to 



» > * 



» ' 



■r 



* » 



occafion to ufe any other method to propa- 



' » 



' The fecond fort feldom ripens feeds \n England, but 



'^ it incfeafe's faft enough by its creeping foots, as aHa 



t)y' flips or cuttings, which,' if planted iii ajh^^^^y ^^^' 



•'derin May; willtake root in the fame manner as 



' Mint or Balm; but as the roots multiply fo faft, there 



is feldom 

 '' gate them 



''■This Tort loves a moift light foil,*and in a fituation 



where the plants fi^vednlythe'hibrning fun,, they wiil 



continue longer in flower than thofe which are expofed 



*■ 'to the full fup. This is a very ornamental plant in 



gardens, '^and the fcentof the leaves is very rarefliing 



and agreeable to moft people, and fonie are very.fona 



of the tea made with the young leaves." • -*/ ' ~\ 



The third fort' gfdWs ^ naturally in North An^enca; 



this is a biennial plant, and probably in its native 



country may be an annual, for tlie roots perifh aft^r 



the plants have perfefted , their feeds. This hatlr 



' fquare ftalks which rife about two feet'high, brancji- 



'" ing out from the bottom to the top, and^are ganiiln- 



. 'cd with fpe'ar-fliaped leaves,^ which comeoutjn cm^- 



'ters at each joint, where there are two Targer leave 



^ ' ■ * placed 



