M 



furlng of the year, in moift vyeatlier, you fiiould, 

 ' -with an iron inftrument made a little hollow, the bet- 

 ter to furround the branches of the trees, fcrape ofl' 

 the Mofs, carrying it off the place ; and by two or 



M Y A 



^6 CO foriT, it like the ridgeof a houfe, which may be 

 doiie by three layers gf dung and as many of earth. 

 When the bed is dniflied ic &uu!d be 





three times thu5 cleanfmg them, together \yith care- 



- -, covered with 



litter or old thatch, to keep out wet, as alio to pre- 

 v^^tits drying; iii this fituation it may remain eight 



fully ftirring the ground, it may be entirely deflroyed | or ten days, by which time the bed will be in a p%- 



from the trees ; but if you do not cut down part of 



the trees, and ftir the ground well, the rubbing off 



the Mofs will fignify little > for the caufe not being 



removed, the etfe6t v/ill not ceafe, but the Mofs will 



per 



in afhort time be as troublefome as ever. 

 MUSHROOMS are, by many perfons, fuppofed 

 to be produced frpm the putrefadion of the dung, 

 earth, &c. in which they are found ; but notwith- 

 ng this notion is pretty generally received 

 amongft the unthinking part of mankind, yet by the 

 curious naruralifts, they are efteemed perfeft plants, 

 though their flowers and feeds have not as yet been 

 perfeftly difcovered. But fince they may, and are 

 annually propagated by the gardeners near London, 

 and are (the efculent fort- of them) greatly efteemed 

 by moft curious palates, I fhall briefly i^t down the 

 method praftifed by the gardeners who cultivate them 

 forfale. _ . . . ; :' >: 



liiere fhould be only a moderate warmth in it, great 

 heat deftroyiiig the fpa\yn, as will alfo wet; therefore 

 when thcToawn is found, it fliould alw:iv^ he L-.^n^ 



found, it fhould always be kept 



^.y 



I 



But firft, it will not be improper to give a fliort de- 

 fcription of the true e,a,table kind, fince th^re gre fe- 

 veral unv/holfome forts, which have been by unikilful 

 perfons gathered for the table, ; , , ' _. ^-. 



.The true Champignon, or Mufhroom, appears at firft 

 of a roundifli form, like a button j the upper part of 

 which, as alfo the, ftalkj, ,is very white; but being 

 opened, the undfer'part is of a livid flefh colour, but 

 the fielliy part when broken is very white V when 

 thefe are fuffered'to remain undifturbed, they, will 

 grow to. a large fize,. and explicate thejmfelves almofl: 

 toaflatnefs, and the red part underneatK will change 

 to a dark colour." 



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In or3er to cultivate them, if you have no beds in 

 your own, or in neighbouring gardens, which pro- 

 duce them, you Ihould look abroad in rich paftures, 

 during the months of Auguft and September, until 

 you find them (that being the feafon ^hen they are 

 nawiajly produced;) then you ihould open the 

 ground about the roots of the Mulhrooms, where 

 you will find the earth, very often, full of fmall white 

 knobsV which are the offsets, or young Ivjulhrooms -, 

 .[ thefe fbould be c?irefu}ly gathered, pfefo-ving them in 

 , lumps with the earth about them : but as this fpawn 

 -; cannot be found in the pafture, except at the feafon 



- when the Mufliroom's are naturally produced, you 

 -tr-piay probably find fomc in old dujighills, efpecjally 

 .Ywhere there has been much litter amongft it, and'the 



..wet hath not penetrated it to Vbt ft ; as likewife, By 



- fearching old hot-beds, it may be often found ; for 

 ."xlus fpawn has the appeai-ance Qf a jyhite moyld,{hoot- 



' ing out in long; ftrmgs, by which it may be eafily 



- 'known wherever it is met with : or this may be pro- 

 'cured by mixing fome long dung ' from' the ftablc, 



which has not been th'roY^h on aheap tq, .ferment ; 



' which being mixed \vjij:h.fj:rQog earth, and put under 



'cover to prevent wet getting to it, the more_the air 



is excluded from it, the fobnerthe fpawn will appear; 



'-'- but this muft not ht laid fo clofe together as to heat, 

 for th%t will deftroy the fpawn : in about two months 

 after the Ip^v/n will appear, efpecially if the heap is 

 clofely covered with old thatch, or fuch litter as hath 

 Jajn long abroad', fo as not to ferment, then the beds 

 niay be prepared to receive the fpiwn ; thefe beds 

 inould be made of dung, in which there is good ftpre 

 of litter, but this Ihould not be thrown on a heap to 

 :nt-, that dung which hath lain fpread abroad 

 'for a month or longer, is beft. Thefe beds fhould be 

 tnade on dry ground, and the dung laid upon the 

 furfacej the width of thefe beds at bottom fhould be 

 about two feet and a half or three feet, the length in 

 proportion to the quantity of Mulhrooms defired; 

 tlien lay the dung about a foot thick, covering it 

 about four inches \yith ftrong earth.-,. Upon this lay 

 more dung, about tqn jn^^hej thidc 



1 ' ■ 



. dry until it is ufcd, for the drier it is, the better ic 

 will take in the bed ; for I had a parcel of this fpawn, 

 which had lain near the oven of a ilove upward of 

 four months, and was become fo dry, that I de- 

 fpaircd of its fuccefs ; but I never have yet feen 

 any which produced fofoon, nor in fo great quantity 

 ^s this, . ,: # ^ . . ' : 



The bed being in a proper temperature for the fpawn, 



the covering of litter fliould be taken off, and the 



fides of the bed fmoothed ; then a covering of light 



rich earth about an inch thick fhould be laid all over 



the bed, but this fhould not be v/et > upon 'this the 



fpawn fhould be thruft, laying the lumps four or five 



inches afunder ; then gently cover this with the Tame 



:. light earth above half an inch thick, and put the 



.^ cpyenng of litter over the bed, laying it fo.thick as 



■; to keep our wet, and prevent the bed from drying : 



when thefe beds are made in the fpring or autumn, 



/'^s.tJie weather is in thofe fcafons temperate, fo' the 



, j^awn wijl th<jn t^lce fRHch fgoner, and the Mufhrooms 



.will appear perhaps in a rqpnth after making-, but 



,- thole beds which are made m fummer^ when the fea- 



-fch is hot, voV in winter, when tKe weatTiel'Ts cold, are 



V 



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. much longer before they produced '" 

 The great fkil] in ^m^naging of thefe b?ds is, that of 

 keeping them in a prober temperature of moifture, 

 never fuffering them to receive too^mucli wet: "during 

 the fummerfcafori the beds may be uncovered, to re- 

 ceive gentle Ihowers of rain at proper times ^ and in 

 long dry feafons the beds fhould be now and then 

 gently watered, but by no means fuffer much wet to 

 come to them -, during the winter feafon they muftbe 

 kept as dry as poffible, and lb clofely covered as to 

 keep out cold. In frofly or very cold weather, if 

 fome warm litter fliaken out of ^ dung heap is laid 

 on, it will promote the growth of the Muflirooms i 

 but this mufl not be laid next the bexf, but a covering 

 of dry^ litter between the b^d and thk^^^^rm lifter ; 

 and as often as the litter is /ou'nd to decay, it lliould 

 op renewed with trefli ; and as the cold increafes, the 

 covering fhpuld t?c laid fo' much thicker. If thefe 



^^ things are obferved, there may be plenty of Mufh- 



j^rboms produced all the year; ^nd thefe produced 



in beds, are niuch better for the table than any of 



•-' -'- whid . - 1- .. 



^21fi,bedtl}us ^managed, if the fpawn^takes kindly, will 



continue goocl for feveral months, an3 produce great 



J quantities of Mufl:irooms ; from thefe beds when they 



are deftroycd, you Ihould take the fpav/n for a frefli 



fupply, which may belaid up in a dry pla.ce until the 



' proper feafon of ufing it, which fhould not befobner 



,,than five or fix weeks, tfiat the fpawn may nave dme 



to dry before it is put into the bed, otherwife it will 



-ijotfucceed ^yelh ^. -' .: ,„ ■^'^-ci . >-£^ "^ ^ 

 Sometimes it happens, that beds thus made do not 

 produce any Mufhrooms till they have Iain Eve o^fix 

 montlis, fo that~thefe'l)eds fhould nof be deflroyed, 

 ,,' though they fhould not at firft. anfwer exppdation ; 

 fori have frequently known thefe to have produced 

 ereat quantities of Muflirooms afterward, and have 

 continued a long time in perfeftion. 



MUSTARD. See SiNAPiZv^v- •• 



M Y A G R U M. Tourji. Inft. R. ,H. 2 



Lin. Gen. Plant. 71^. Gold of Pleafure^ 



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The Characters arc, 

 The empahmeni of tJ?t jiovcer is ccmpcfcd cf four c 

 cvaiy coloured leaves^ tvbkh fall off. The fiozvcs 

 four roundip cbtufe pctalsy placed in form of a , 



bath fix. flamina the length of tJpe petals^ fw^f 



layer of earth, ftill drawino; in the fides of the bed, fo . are a littU longer than thecther^ terminated by ftn?le fu7n- 



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