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thofe brought from a' greater diftancc and from a 

 richer foil. -> 



2. Tlii'^ ground ought to be frefli, and not fuch as 

 has been already worn out by trees, or other large 

 growing plants, for in fuch foil your ftocks will not 

 niakeany progrels. 



3. It ought not to be too wet, nor over dry, but ra- 

 ■ ther of a middling nature 5 though of the two ex- 

 tremes, dry is to be preferred, becaufe in fuch foils 

 (thoUgh the trees do not make fo great a progrefs as 

 in moid, yet) they are generally founder, and more 

 difpofed to fruitfulnefs. ' - 



4. You muft alfo obferve to inclofe it, that cattle and 

 ." vermin may not come in, for thefe will make fad ha- 

 "*Y0ck widi young trees, efpecially in winter, when 



the ground is covered with fnow, that they have lit- 



. ,tle Other food which they can come at. Some of the 



" 'moft mifchievous of thefe animals are harems and rab- 



.i\bets, which are great deftroyers of young trees at 



that feafch, by eating off all their bark -, therefore 





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you rhufl: carefully guard your Nurfery againft thefe 



enemies. ^ ^ -\ '. '. " ' .. , ■- -y ' "■. 



The ground being inclofed, fhould be carefully 

 trenched al^out eighteen inches, or two feet deep, pro- 

 vided it will allow it ; this fhould be done in Auguft 

 or September, that it may be ready to receive young 

 ftocks at the fealbn for planting, which is commonly in 

 the mJddleorend of October. In trenching the ground, 

 you muft be very careful to cleanfe it from the roots 

 of all noxious weeds, fuch as Couch-grafs, Docks, &c. 

 which, if. left. in the ground, will get in among the 

 roots of the trees, fo as not to be gotten out after- 

 wards, and v/ill fpread and over-run the ground, to 

 the great prejudice of your ybiing ftodk's; - \r ' 



^. After having d^ig the ground, and the feafon being 

 Y come for planting, you muft level down the trenches 

 / as equat'as poiTible, and then lay out the ground into 

 'quartersV proportionable to tlie fize thereof, and thofe 

 1 quarters may be laid out in beds, for the fowing of 

 feeds or the ftones of fruit. ,. / 



.-.The beil fort of ftocks for Peaches, Nectarines, &c. 





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arc fuch as are raifcd from the ftones of the Muf- 

 cle and white Pear Plumb, but you fliould never plant 

 / fuckers of thefe (which is what fome people praftife) 

 . for thefe feldom make fo good ftocks, nor are ever 

 well-rooted plants -, befides, they are very fubjed: to 

 ' produce great quantities of fuckers from their roots, 

 *.. which are very troublefome in the borders, or walks 

 :|^ of a garJen, and greatly injure the tree ; fo that you 

 ^ ?hould annually, or at leaft every other year^ fow a 

 ,l,fcw ftones of each, that you may never be' at a lofs 

 1< for ftocks. .:■ • V V ' - ^ 



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f^^or Pears, you fhould have fuch ftocks as have been 

 , v'raifed from the kernels of the fruit where perry hath 



* Deen hnade, or elfe preferve the feeds of fome forts of 

 .H.fummer Pears, wjiich generally ftioot.ftrong and vi- 

 ^.gorous, as^the Cuifle I^^ &c. but when 

 ^this is intended, tfie fruit ffioiild be fuffered to hang 



A-ijpon the trees till they drop, and afterward permitted 



♦ to rot •, then take out the kernels and put them in 



% fand, being careful to keep then) from, vermin, as 

 l.J^h..^9 place j.hem where they may not be too damp, 



^l' %hich\vili caufe them to grow" mouldy. Thefe you 



; fitould fow'for ftocks early in the fpring, upon a bed 



, . of good light frefti earth, where they will com.e up 



"■.in about fix weeks, and, if kept clear from weeds, 

 ^/will he ftronc: enough to tranfplant the Odober fol- 



t.lowin 





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their nouriihment, but are very troublefome in % 

 garden. 



Apple 





arc 



grafted or bucWed upon ftocks raifcd 



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from feeds which come from the cyder-prefs, or imoa 

 Crab ftocks, the latter of which are efteemed for their 

 durablenefs, efpecially for large ftandard trees ; thefe 

 ftiould be raifed from feeds, as the Pear ftock, and 

 muft be treated in the fame manner, for thofe pro- 

 cured from fuckers, &c. are not near {o good ; but for 

 fmall gardens, the Paradife ftock hath been for foire 

 years paft greatly efteemed, it being of very "humble 

 growth, caufeth the fruit-trees grafted ot* budded 

 thereon to bear vety foon, and they may be kept in 

 fmall compafs J but thefe are of^ pVbper for very 

 fmall gardens, or by 'way of cui^fity, fince the 

 trees thus raifed are but of ftiort duration, and fel- 

 dom arife to any fize to produce fruit in quantities, 



' unlefs the graft or bud be buried in planting. To that 

 they put forth roots, and theh they will be'cqual to 

 trees grafted upon free ftocks, fince they receive but 

 fmall advantage from the ftock. 

 For Cherries, you ftiould make ufe of ftocks raifed 

 'from the ftones of the common Black, or the'^wild 



- Honey Cherry, both of which are ftrong free growers, 



• and produce the cleaneft ftocks. 



^■. For Plumbs, you may ufe the ftones of moft free- 



'- :growing forts, which v/ill alfo do very well for Apri- 

 cots, thefe being not fo difficult to take as Peaches or 

 Nedlarines •, But (as I faid before) thefe ftiould not 

 be raifed from fuckers for the reafon there afiigned, 

 but rather from ftone5. " ' ' :\-\:--n •.^' '-* • 



..:'There are fome perfons who recommend the Almond 

 ftock for feveral forts of tender Peaches^ upon which 

 they will take much better than ' upon Plumb 

 ftocks; but thefe being tender in their roots, and 

 apt to ftioot early in the^fpring, and being of fliort du- 

 ration, are by many people rejefted j' but fuch ten- 

 der fores of Peaches which will not take upon Plumb 

 ftocks, fliould be budded upon Apricots, upon which 

 they will take very well ; and all forts of Peaches 

 which are planted upon dry foils, will continue much 

 longer, and not be fo fubjeft to blight, if they are up- 

 on Apricots ; for it is obferved, that upon fuch foils 

 where Peaches feldom do well. Apricots will thrive 

 exceedingly, which may be owing to the ftrength and 

 compaftnefs of the vefiels in the Apricots, which ren- 

 der it more capable of affimilating,' or drawing its 

 nouriftimentfrom the Plumb ftock,^\yhich rn dry foils 

 -feldom afford it in great plenty tp the bud ; and the 

 ^Peach-tree b'eiri^^or a loofe fpongy nature, is not fo 

 -capable to dmw 'Its " hburilhment thtrefrom, whic-h 

 ■occafions that weaknefs \yhich is commonly obferved 

 in thofe trees, when planted on a dry foil ; therefore 

 -kfs the common practice of the Nurfery-gardeners, 

 'to"'bud the Plumb ftocks either with Apricots^ or 

 fome free growing Peach-, arid after^^thefe have 

 grown a year, they bud the tender forts of Peaches 

 upon thefe ftioots, by which method many forts/uc- 

 ceed well, v/hich inthe common' way will not thrive, 

 ■ or fcarce keep alive •' and thefe the gardeners term 

 double worked Peaches. 



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But for many forts of fummer and autumn 

 ears, Quince ftocks are preferable to free (i. e. Pear) 

 ., ^ksi thefe are generally ufed for all the forts of 

 -* foft-melting Pears, but they are not fo good for the 

 •: breaking Pears, being apt to render thofe fruits 

 •i'which are grafted upon them ftony ; thefe are very T 

 /^fte^n propagated from fuckers, which are generally j 

 '^produced in plenty from the roots of old trees; but 

 ) -wofe are not near fo good as fuch as are propagated 

 r^ofti cutdngs or layers, which have always much 

 ; hetter roots, and are not fo fubjeft to produce fuck- 

 ■crs as the other, v;hich is a very defirable quality, 



: Sncc thefe fuckers 4o not only rob i;h6 trees of part of 



.There are fome people who of late have budded and 

 'grafted Cherries upon ftocks of the Cornifli, and oth'ers 

 on the Morello Cherry, which, they fay, will render 

 ■the trees more fruitful, and lefs luxuriapj: in growth, fo 

 ! that they may, be kept in lefs compafs ; thefe ftocks 

 , having the fame effed: upon Cherric's, as the Paradife 



ftock hath oh Apples. . ■v:^^:^r']fv^'^'^''' ' V ' 



■ -Having provided yourfelf with young ftocks of all 



. thefe different forts, whichjhould be raifed in the fe- 



minary the preceding year, you ftiould proceed to 



tranfplanting thcrii Tn 0(5tob'ef (as wasl^cfore directed) 



into the Nurfery.- The diftance which they "fliould 

 be planted, if defigned for ftandards, fiiould be three 

 feet and a half or four feet, row from row, and a 

 foot and a half diftant'in tlie rows ; but if for dwarfs, 

 three feet "row from row, and one foot in the rows, ^ 

 will be a fufficierit diftance. .: 



In taking thefe ftocks out of the feed-beds, you muft 

 raijc the ground with a fpade, in order to preferve 



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