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but if they are propagated by feeds, thefe fhould be 

 fown in the autumn ; and the fureft way is to few 

 the feeds in pots, and place them under a hot-bed 

 frame in winter : in the fpring the plants will appear, 

 and when they are fit to remove, a few of them may 

 be planted in fmall pots, to be Iheltered under a 

 common frame in the winter ; and the others may 

 be planted in a fliekered border, where they will en- 

 dure the cold of our ordinary winters very well, and 

 the following fummer they v/ill produce flowers and 

 feeds in plenty; fo there will be little occafion for part- 

 ino- of their roots, becaufe the feedling plants will 

 be much ftronger and flower better, than thofe propa- 

 gated by offsets. 

 OLDENLANDIA. Plum. Nov. Gen. 42, tab. 

 36. Lin. Gen. Plant. 143. 



The Characters' are, 

 ^he empdement of thefloiver is permanent^ Jit ting upon 

 the germen^ and is cut into five parts. "The flower has 

 four oval petals which fpread open, a7td are double the 

 length of the empalement, and four Jlamtna terminated by 

 fmall furnmits. It hath a rcundifh germen fituated under 

 the flower, fupporting afingle flyle, crowned by an indent- 

 ed Jligma: The germen afterward turns to a globular 

 capfulewith two cells, fllled with fmall feeds. i ;\ 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedtion of 

 Linna^us's fourth clafs, which includes thofe [plants 

 whofe flowers have four ftamina and one ftyle. 

 We have but one Species of this genus in the 

 Englifh gardens, which is, ,. ^ 



OtDENLANDiA (Corj;»^^jfe) peduncuHs multifloris, foliis 

 .' lineari-lanceolatis. Lin, Sp. Plant. ^119. Oldenlandia 

 \ , with many flowers on a fooT-ftalk, and linear fpear- 

 "■^fhaped leaves. Oldenlandia humilis hyflbpifolia. Plum. 

 Nov.' Gen. Dwarf Oldenlandia^having a Hyflopkif. 



O 



E 



vmrd turns to an oval fmooth fruit {or berry) with one 

 cell, indofing an oblong oval nut. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 

 Linn^us's fccond clafs, which contains thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have two ftamina and one ftyle. 

 The Species are, 



1. Olea {(^lallica) foliis lineari-lanceolatis fubtus incanls. 

 Olive with linear fpear-fljaped leaves, which' arc hcary on 

 their under fide. Olea frudtu oblongo minori, Tourn. 

 Inft. R. H. 599. Olive with a f mailer oblong fruit i 

 commonly called Pxovence Olive, 



2. Olea {Hifpanica) foliis lanceolatis, frudu ovato. 

 Olive with fpear-fljaped leaves, and ar^ cgg-fljaped fruit i 

 Olea frudu maximo. Tourn. Inft. R. H. c^(^(), Olive 

 with the largeft fruit, called the Spanifh Olive. \ : 



3. Olea {Sylveflris) foliis lanceolatis cbtufis rigidis, 

 fubtus incanis. Olive with fpear-fhaped, obtufe, rigid 

 leaves, which are hoary on their under fide. ■ Olea fyl- 

 veftris, folio duro, fubtus incano. C. B. P.. 47^. 

 The wild Olive with a hard leaf, and hoary on its un- 

 der fide. ^ 



4. Olea {Africana) foliis lanceolatis lucidis, ramis tere- 



tibus. Olive with fpear-fljaped fljining leaves, and taper 



branches. . Olea Afra, folio longo, lato, fupra atro- 



, viridi fplendente, infra pallide viridi. Boer, Ind. alt. 



2 . 218. African Olive, with a long, broad, fbining leaf, 



. - ^f a greenifh black above, and pale on its under fide. 



5. Olea (Buxifolia) foliis ovatis rigidis feflilibus. Olive 

 . with oval ftiff leaves, fitting clofe to the branches. Olea 



. \ Afra, folio buxi craflb atroviridi, lucido, cortice albo 

 fcabro. Boerh. Ind. alt. 2. 218, African Olive, with a 

 thick, dark, fljining Box leaf, and a rough white barki 



' called Box-leaved Olive. .. T, ' ., 



f- - 



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This plant was difcovered in America by Father Plu- 

 ' - mier, who gave this name to it in honour of Henry 

 Bernard OldetiTand, a German, who was difciple of 

 Dx. Herman at Leyden, and was a very curious bo- 

 tan ift. 

 The feeds of this plant were fent into England by 



,. Mr. Robert Millar, who gathered them in Jamaica. 



It is a low annual plant, which feldom rifes abpve 

 .three or four inches high, and divides into many 



branclies which Ipread near the ground. Thefe 

 7; tranches are furnifhed with long narrow leaves, which 

 J are placed oppofite. From the wings ^f the leaves 

 -varifesthefiower-ftalk, which grows about an mcluor 



a little more in length, 'and divides into thi^ecTor four 



fiiwller foot-ftalks ; on the top of each of thefe, ftands 



/. 



5 

 t t 





.; Gne_ fn;(all whjt?. iiQwer. • -- /J^ ^_ 

 The leeds of this plant fhould be fown early in the 



' fpring on a hot-bed, and when the plants are come 

 . .. up, they fhould be tranfplahted oa aHiother hot-bed, I " . fide, and hoary on their under, ftanding oppofite. 



The firft fort is what the inhabitants of the fouth of 



. France chiefly cultivate, becaufe from this fpecies the 

 beftoil is made, which is a great branch of trade in 

 Provence and Languedocj and it is the" fruit of this 

 fort which is moft eftgemed when pickled ; of this 

 there are fbme varieties ; the lirft is called Olive Pi- 

 choline ; there is another with dark green fruit, one 

 with white fruit, and another witti fmaller and rounder 

 fruit ; but as thefe are fuppofed to be only accidental 

 varieties which have rifen from the fame feeds, I 

 have not enumerated them. ' 



The Olive feldom rifes to be a large tree, and is 

 rarely feen with a fingle ftem, but frequently two or 

 three ftems rife from the fame root ; thefe grow from 



; twenty to thirty feet high, putdng out branches 



"Trom the fides almoft their whole length, which are 

 covered with a gray bark, and garnimed with fliff 



^ leaves about two inches and a half long, and half an 

 inch broad in the middle, gradually diminifhing ta 

 both ends ; they are of a lively green on their uj^er 



^r into frp^J pots, and plunged into a moderate hot- 

 bed of tanners bark, pbierving to water and fhade 

 them un^ they have taken root •, after which time: 

 <fe€y muft have a large fbare of free air in vyaniiwea- 



.^ther, and fbould be frequently refreftied with wat^r. I . npen in the auturnn. 



The flowers are produced in fmall bunches from the 



wings of the leaves •, they are fmalf, white, and have 



: fhort tubesV fpreading open at, ^e top i'~ thefe are 



fugceeded by oval fruit, which, in warm countries^ 



• \ -; 



If 



V, With this management the plants will flower in June 

 and their feeds will ripen in July, fo that the feeds 



;i feii;uft be gatticred from time'to time as they ripen -, 



^J^M tlie branches grow larger, fo there will be frefh 

 flouiers pipduced until autumn,, when the plants 

 vvillpcrmiV but if the feeds are permitted to fcatter 

 i^itlie pots, the plants will foon after appear, which 



.^vjiyive through the^wTnter, provided they are placed 

 in the ftove, and will flower early the following 



fpnng. 

 QLEA. Tourn. Inft. R.H. 598. tab. 370. Lin. 

 Q^n. Plant. 20. [of 'eW«,] the Olive; -m French, 



. Olivier. 



^■^ \ ■ s - 



"^r*^-^:- -.i-.4t:. 



The fecond fort is chiefly cultivated in Spain, where - ' 

 the trees grow to a much larger fize than the former 

 fort 1 the leaves are much larger, ^nd not fo white on 

 their under fide : and the fruit is near twice the fize 

 of thofe of the Provence Olive, but are of a ftrong 

 rank flavour, and' the oil made from thefe, is 'too 



; "* .'4 'v--^ 



^* ftrong for moft Englifh palatesJ f-t-^ 

 "The third fort is the wild Olive, whic 



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grows natu- 



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^The Characters are, 



if has a fmall tuhulous empale;nent of one leaf, 'cut into 



' four fegment s at' the top. The flower confifts of one petal 



, which is tubulcus, cut at the brim into four fegments 



which fpread open. It has two floor t flamina terminated 



by ereSt fummits, and a rcundifh germen fupporting a fhort 



ftyle, crowned by a thick bifldfligma'. ^ The germen after- 



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/ally in woods, in the fouth of France, Spain, and 

 Vltaly, fo is never cultivated j the leaves or this fort 

 /are mucR fliorter and ftiffer than thofe of the other; 

 the branches are frequently firmed with thorns, and 

 the, fruit is fmall andofjio yalue.; ;w.r^^ : . >;, 

 The fourth and fifth forts grow naturally at the Cape 

 of Good Hope ; the fourth rifes to the height of the 

 firft, to which it bears fpme refemblance, but the 

 bark is rougher ; j:he leaves are- not fo long, and are" 

 of a lucid green on their upper fide -, but as this does* 

 not produce fruit in Europe, I can give no account 



of lU 



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