r 



O 



The third fort grows upon chalky hills in fe\^eral parts i umhiUcated fmi tvUh cne 



of England; this hath an oblong, cluftered, bulbous 

 root, from which arifes a fingle ftalk fix inches high, 

 having two oblong leaves at bottom, and rarely any 

 above; the flowers arc fmall, of a white colour, 

 growing in a loofe Ipike on the top of the ftalk ; they 

 have a muflcy fcent. This flowers in Auguft. 



fi 



m 



This genus of plants Is ranged in the fecond feftiort 

 of Tourticlprt*s fixth clafs. which iacludes the herbs 

 with a Hofc flower, whofe poinral or empalement 

 becomes a ff uit with one capfjle. Dr. Linnaeus places 

 it in the firft ktWon of his twelfth clafs, in which he 



This fo>t grows naturally in moift paftures in the nor- [ ranges th^^^ plants whofe flowers have more than 



/-T^-.i^-j TJ -i.-_ r J !^:-_ _^ -:-^^_-r^ n,r-»,*-, ._.1-*L :^r ^.t -i 



I 



■i- 



j I 



V 



thern parts of England ; I have alio found it in great 

 plenty on Enfield Chace, not far from the town. 

 The fourth and fifth forts grow upon the chalk-hills 

 near Northfleet in Kent, and alfo upon Caufham-hills 

 near Reading; they have roundifh bulbous roots, from 

 which come out a few oblong leaves ; theftalks rife a 

 foot and a half high, garnifhed with a few narrower 

 leaves ; the flowers grow in a loofe fpike on the top 

 of the ftalk ; they are in one of a rufty iron colour, 

 and the other hath herbaceous flowers. The lip of 

 the neftarium is divided into three parts, the middle 

 fco-ment being ftretched out much longer than the 

 other, and is divided into two ; the upper part of the 

 flower being hooded, the whole bears fome refem- 

 blance to a naked man. They flower in Junel 

 The eighth fort grows naturally in dry paftures in 

 fcveral parts of England, and is commonly called the 

 Humble Bee Orchis ; of this there are two or three va- 

 rieties found wild in England, and fcveraVhiore in 

 Spain and Portugal. This hath a roundiCh bulbous 

 i the leaves are like thofe of the narrow-leaved 



I 



I- 



J-* 



¥-' 



'■- 



■ I 



t: 



Plantain. The ftalk rifes fix or feven inches high, 

 having two or three flieatH-fhaped leaves embracmg 

 it, which are "ered ; ' at the top of the ftalk come 

 Qut two or three flowers without fpurs, having purplifti 

 crefts and wings. The neftarium is large, fliapcd like 

 the body of" a humble bee, of a dark footy colour, 

 with two or three lines running^acrdfs it of a darker 

 or lighter colour, which appear brighter or duller ac- 

 cording to the pofition of the flower to the fun. It 

 flowers early in June. There are fome varieties of 

 this fort^'' which differ in the colour and fize of their 

 flowers, ' \ ' ■■/^\ ^^*'; 







All thefc forts may be prcferVed in gardens, Ihcnigh 

 not propagated there. The beft time to reVndvc the 

 roots from the places where they naturally grow, is 

 juft before the ftalks fall, for at that time the roots 

 maybe eafily difcovered, and then they arc begin- 

 ^V fling to reft, fo that the bulb will be fully formed for 

 '" ^flowering the following year^ and will not Ihrink ; 

 ''"'^^.but when they are removed at a time of the year 

 *^^" wKent^ey are in action, tTie bulb defigned for flower- 

 ;^ ing the following year, riot^feeifig fully ripened/will 

 .^ fcrink^^ and frequently perifli; or if they lufvive their 

 Kmoval, do not recover their former ftrenerth in lefs 



■i;s*- 



-^ "H 



■ ~ ^ 



. J 



A% i 



-» 



'. ' 



• -4 



"-* 



> - 



time tnan two years. ; ' 



yfhtn thefc are feiribved inJo a garden, the foil ftibuld 

 be adapted to tfie forts. Such of them as grow na- 

 turally in moift paftures, fhould be planted in fhady 

 rnoift borders ; thofe which are inhabftants of woods 

 tniy be planted under trees in wilderneffcs/ *but fuch 

 as grow upon' chalk- hills Ihould have a bed of chalk 

 •prepared for them in an open firuation, an4,when the 

 •plants are fixed in their Icvcral places^, they fhould 

 , notte difturbed after; for^^ff fliey are Icept clean 

 '^ fi^fn"wcedsi"iBe Ids the 'j^ourtd is difturbed, thd 

 /'"; better the plants will thrive, ^nd the tonger they will 



contmxie. 

 OPUNTIA/ Toum: TnftVl^. R 239- tafe^ 122. 

 Tuna. Hort/ Elthra95. Cacftui' Lin. Gen.'Plant. 



v-.;- 



■« 



- .' 



4* 



nineteen ft^oiina, which are inferted cither into the 

 empalenient, or petals of the flower. 

 . Th« vSi>sciES are, 



1. Opuntu [Vulgaris) articulis ovatis (iompreflis, fpinis 

 fetaceis* Indian Fig "^ith oval cofnprejjed jointSy and 

 hrijlly fpincs* Opuntia vu!g6 herbariorum. J, B. f. 

 154. i'he iOnimon Opuntia^ or Indian Fig. 



2. Opui^t?a {iucus Indica) articulis ovato-oblongis, fpi- 

 nis feractis- Indian Fig witk oblong oval joints^ and 

 hriftly fpini^' Opuntia folio oblongo media. Tourn. 

 Inft. R. H- ^39- AEddle Indian Pig 'with oMong haves. 



3. Opukti^ iXuna) articulis ovato-obloftgis, fpinis fub- 

 ulatis, InM^n Fig mth obkng oval joints^ and awl* 

 Jhaped fpi^its. Opuntia nrjajor, validiffimis fpinis mu- 



• nita, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 2^9. Greats Indiih Fig 

 with v^ P^ong fpines. 



4. Opuntia' {Elatior) articulis ovato-oblongis, fpinis 

 . lofigtfllrnis nigricantibus. tndi^n Fig with oblong ovat 



joints^ ^nd "^ery long black fpines. Tuna elatior fpinis 

 validis nigricantibus. Hort. Elth.tab. 194. Taller In- 

 '■ ; Mm fig *uoithJlrong black fpines. 



5. QpoN'fiA (Af^xwtf) articulis ovato-oblongis craflifli- 



itiis, fpinis inaequalibus. IniTtan Fig with oblong, ovaU 



' 'thick jointU ^artd unequal fpines. Opuntia maxima, 



, folio fplnoft>, latiflJVmo & iongiflimo. Tourn. Inft. 



' 246, Gr^^tefi Indian Fig, tvi(b the longeji and troadeji 



prickly brattches.^^;^,^' -^^^-t^-^-^^^^^^^ , 



6. OpufJTfA {Qochinel^ira) articulis ovato-oblorigis fub-* 



inermibus. Indian Fig with oblong oval joints^ al- 



mofi %^ith0i Jfines. Opuntia maxima, ToliooWon- 



go-rbtUnd^ rnajofe, fpinulis ftollibtis Sf iriftocentibus 



obfito, floi*e ftriis rubris variegato. Sloan. Cat. jam. 



194, Gre^teji Indian Fig^ with a larger, oblongs round 



■ leaf, armed '^itbfoft, innocent^ fmall fpines, and a flower 



'- ■ i^ariegated '^ith 'fed firipes, commonly called the Cochi- 

 "neal fig. - 



7. Opuntia {Curaffavica) articulis cylindrico-ventrico- 

 fis, compr^fli?, fpinis fetaceis. Indian Fig with com-' 

 preffed, cylindrical, bellied joints, and briftly fpines. ' Fi- 



-'^cus Indict, fea Opuntia CuraflTavica minima. Hort.- 



^t^Amftl I. tOy, Indian Fig-, or the lecifi Opuntia of Curafi 



' foa, frequently filled Pinpillom. ' ' 



8. OpuNTtA {SpinofiffiTna) articulis longiflimis terttiibus 

 compreffi^, fpinis longiflimis confcrtiffimis, gficili- 



\ bus albica^tibus armatis. Houft. MSS, Stalky Indian 

 ''^Fig, iJ^itif large, narrow, tompreffed leaves, armed with 

 J,, ihe hngejl^ nafrotjoeft, white fpines, growing in clufters -^ 



-jhis is h tk^ gardeners called, Robinfin Cri^ois Coat. 



9. O^uNTjA (Phyllanthus) prolifer enfiformi-comprcflTus 

 ferrato-fep^»^du3. Indian Fig with compreffed fword- 



'"^'fhaped jointly iiii^fe indentures turn backward. Circus 

 ic(iopendri folio brachiato. Hort. Ekh. 73. tab. 64. 



'*'"' ' '^hip^ with a branching Spleenwort leaf. 



i 



f -S-S-: 



-UiThdfe plants ai'e art of them natives of America, 

 ~1 though th^ firlt fort is found growiii^ wild on the 

 '"'Tides- of th^ i^6i<3s about Ndples, in Sicily, and Spain,- 

 "'"^b.fft it ii probably that the plants mav have been 

 'brought frotn America tWther «tfirft,'^ This fort 

 has been long h the Englifti garden^-, tht joints or 



:ompreflied 



539' [This plant is called Opuntia, Becatrfe Theo- ' ■■* tbcir tWo fides flat, and have fmall leaves comijigout 



fhraftus writes, that it erows about Opuntiunj.} The 

 r.^;^:: T^i^2y": • t-t„ n ^ ru. T?-l--t -rr::--.^^. • * 



'^ 'Indian Fig^'or prickly Peaf; m French, i?^^«^//^- ' 



:. ^vrThe CiiARACTERS arev*" ^-^ '"^ - *'*-d^rir^>.1 



.^ 



V. me i^jiARACTERS arr,'*" * r ^ * -^ ''*-^>^vn%*.r, i ..-knots thei^ are three or j 

 Th^fower^W'cdmpofed of feviratpetab^^ are oh* ^ #Iiich do r^'^t atppear unle^ 



'' "tuje, concave, 'md placed in^itcif^ulaf order^'fittit^ upon 



^ the gertnen. It has a great number of awl-Jhaped ficiminay 



'^icB^'itreinfertedinthegermen, are porter than the 



petals"^ and termndted by oblong ereSl fummis.^ The 



' 'Terme% wUck is fttudted under t%e flowyif%fii^p^rt 



': Kndric^ jlyle the length tf the ftamina,^'l;t(lwned, by a 



• mglt^ipgma, ^ The germm afterward turns to a fiefhy 



'" in knots on their furface, as alfo on their upper 

 -cdge^ \vfti<^h fall off in a (hort time ; and at the fame 



'' "- " -' "--"-^Tftbrf brift!v':fbines. 



-?^;Jbut on bei'^g b'^ndlcd, they enter the flefli, and fepa- 



frotn the plaiit, lb are tVoublefome, and often 

 diffii;utt to^gef buf of th^'flefh. The branches 



bis fptt fpreadiit^aV'""thef ground, and frequ«;ntly 

 upon \ pitting out new roo;s, fo arc extended 

 cofifidcrable diftance, and never rife in height \ 



\ix^ fleQiy and" KeVBaceous-iHlilc they are young, 

 ' 9 O .V bu^ 



V 



_■ 



^ 



f 



J - 



9 

 + 



s 



^ ■ i - 



> 



■ U 



,-i" - 



'. . ><: 



1 



<b. 







