I 



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ptrar in June and July, and arc fucccedcd by fci^ds 

 which ripen in September ; loon after which the (talks 

 occay, but the roots will abide many years. It is pro- 

 pagated by feeds, which fiiould be fown upon an eaft 

 border in the fpring, arid when the plants come up, 

 they muft be kept clean from v/eeds the following 

 jummer, and in the autumn they fhould be tranf- 

 pianced v;herc they are- to remain *, the following fum- 

 mer thev v/ill nroduce flov/ers and feeds. This fort 



y 



is very hardy, fo will thrive in almod any foil or 



lituanon. 



The fixth fort grows naturally in the fouth of France, 

 in Spain and Iraiy ; the root is perennial, and the ftalk 

 annual. This fends out long, narrow, woolly leaves 

 from the roots in tufts, which are inveloped at their 



they are fofc to the 

 The ftalks are flen- 



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bafe by a common covering ; 

 touch, and lie upon the ground. 

 der, and near two feet long ; their joints are farafun- 

 der ; at each of thefe (land two oval leaves oppofite, 

 which embrace the ftalk with their bafe. The whorls 

 of flowers are alfo encompafled by thefe leaves, and 

 within them is fituated a radiated briitly involucrum, 

 v/hich covers the flowers, which are yellow, and (haped 

 like thofe of the other forts. Thele appear in July, 

 but are rarely fuccceded by feeds in England. The 

 ftalks decay in the autumn, but the lower leaves re- 

 main all the year. It may be propagated by (lips in 

 the fpring, and the plants require a dry foil and a 



warm fituaticn. 



The feventh fort grows naturally In Portugal and, 

 Spain. This hath a (hrubby ftalk which rifesfour or 

 five feet high, fending out (lender branches, which 

 have four angles covered with a white bark, 'gar- 

 nilhed with oval fpear-fliaped leaves about four inches' 

 long, and an inch and a half broad at their bafe ; 

 they are crenated on their edges, and woolly on their 

 under fide, ftanding upon very ihort foot-ftalks. 

 -The flowers come out in wh9rls ,at each joint j they 

 have briftly involucrtims, and are of" a deep purple' 

 colour. This flowers in June and July, but does not* 

 i-ipen feeds in England.^ It may be propagated by 

 . *. cuttings in the fame way as the three firft forts, and 

 '^J^;the plants x^qu ire jthe fame treatment: ;. 

 *~^"'Theeig:hth fort was difcovered by the late Dr. Tourne- 

 fort in the Levant, where it grows naturally -, this 

 -hatli a perennial root and an annual ftalk. The leaves 

 of this are heart- fliaped;' "thofe at the toot are three 

 inches long, and an inch and a half broad at their 

 bale, ending in acute points v they are downy on their 

 undcrr fide, and have five ftrong veins. The ftalks 

 rife a foot and a half high, and are garnifhed at 

 each joint with two leaves placed oppofite, of the 

 . - fame form as the lower, but fmaller. The flowers 

 , grow in whorls 'round the ftalks ; they are of a worn- 

 ^.^r odt purple colour; their involucrums are cut into 

 - V feu:ments. and are clofely (hut. . This never produces 



here, and the roots inereafe very flowly, fo that 

 no\v it* is very rare in EurcK)e ; for before the fevere 

 winter in 17401, thefe plants nad lived abroad in warm 



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ftalks which nie about three fVet high, ?nd are en 

 vered with a ycllowilh down, fending out many flenl 

 der irregular branches, garnifhed with narrow fnca? 

 ihaped leaves, winch are covered with a yclio'v^ni' 

 down on their under fide. The flowers are produced 

 in heads at the end of the branches -, tlieir invoJu 

 crums are very downy -, the ficvers are fmaller th-^n 

 thofe of cither of the tirft forts, and are cf a dirty 

 yellow colour. This approaches near to the fcco.^d 

 lort, but the leaves are much fmaller, the branches 

 are flenderer, and are covered with a yellow down 

 efpecially toward tiie end of the branches. The 

 whorls of flowers are not near fo large, and are gene- 

 rally produced at the end of the branches. 

 This fort may be propagated by cuttings in the fame 

 way as the three firft forts, and the plants may be 

 treated in the like manner, with this difference only 

 of planting them in a warmer fituation, for it will not 

 bear fo much cold, though in a warm border the 

 plants have lived feveral years abroad in the Chelfei 

 Garden. . . . ■ • 



The eleventh fort grows naturally in the Archipelago, 

 and alfo in Spain, from both which countries I have 

 received the feeds. This plant hath an annual ftalk, 

 but the root is perennial, as are alfo the lower leaves, 

 which do not arife from the root immediately, but 

 ftand in ciufters upon ftiort, trailing, woolly branches; 

 they have very long downy foot-ftalks, and are placed 

 without order 5 they are heart-fhaped, and downy on. 

 both fides, about four inches long, arid two broaa to- 

 ward their bafe. The ftalks are flender, and rife a 

 foot high, garniftied with oval fpear-ftiaped leaves, ' 

 .which gradually decreafe in fize to the top, wiicrc 

 they are not half an inch long. Thefe ftalks genc- 

 ;TaUy /end out two fide branches oppofite, near the 

 bottom, apd from this divifion to the top are gar- 

 nifhed with thin whorls of yellow flowers^ whigh aa 

 not clofely joined together as in the other fpecies, but 

 each flower ftands feparate. : Their empalements art 

 oval, very downy, and clofely iliut up. The flowers 

 appear in June and July, but there are feldoni any 

 feeds^ produced in England. This fort may be pro- 1 

 pagated by flips in the fame manner asthe fixtlj Ibr^ 

 and tftc plants ftiould be treated in the like way. • • 

 .The twelfth fort ei-ows naturally in Sbain and Por- 



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tugal ; this hath an almoft ftirubby ftalk, which is a 



little ligneous, and rifes about two feet ah4 a half . 



high, covered with a thick white down- \ There. arc 



many of the ftalks which arife from ^ the fame robt,^ 



garniftied with heart-fhaped leaves about two inches 



long, and one broad toward their bafe j and from the 



lower part of the ftalks, at each joint, there are two 



fliort ihoots come out oppofite^ which have four or 



fix fmall leaves of the fame Ihape with the. others, 



and are covered with a very white down. The flowers 



are produced in fmall whorls toward the upper part of 



. the ftalk ^ they have downy fpear-ihaped involucrums ; 



,. the' flowers are ftiort, and of an iron colour. , They 



borders upward of twenty yeairs, fo that there were], appear in June and July, but the plants produce ^no 



feeds 





none of the plants kept in pots, and that year they vfcre 



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N.f^ 



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: almoft all dcftroyed in England,^.,. ^^.^ 



' The feeds of the ninth fort were lent from Smyrna by 

 ^ : the Jate Conful Sherard to tHe Chelfea Garden, \yhere 

 «,. the plants were raifed ■, this hath a perennial root and 

 J-: an annual ftalk. .rThe lowef leaves arc near three 

 \ inches long,' and ah inch and a half broad, 'ftanding 

 . ;-■ "fipon long woolly foot-ftalks j they are rough on their 

 f'-- upper fide, but woolly on their under, and are heart- 

 ■■: fliapcd and entire. - The ftalks, which rife a foot 

 • high, are very downy; the flowers grow in whorls 

 j'::round the ftalks ^ they have very long tubulous em- 

 -c::j)alements covered with down ; they are very large, 

 , 'and of a bright yellow, fo make a good appearance. 

 It'fiowcrs the latter end of June, and in July, but ne- 

 ver ripens feeds in England. This fort hath furvnved 

 many winters in the ope'n air in the Chelfea Garden, 

 but in tTie year 1740 they were all deftroyed. -• 

 , • The feeds of die tenth fort were alfo fent from Smyrna 

 - by th^'fame gentleman, and feveral of the plants were 



I *- 



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feeds in EnslanJ. 



This fort multiplies by its fpreading roots, fo that 

 they may^be divided every other year j the bcft time 

 for doing this is at)out the middle of September, that 

 the offsets may get root before the froft comes on ; 

 tut there fliould be fome mulch laid about their 

 roots to prevent the froft from penetrating the ground. 

 It may be alfo propagated by cuttings ^in the lame 



way as the three ^firft forts, during the ipnng and 

 fummer months. -->The plants, rej^uire the farne treat- 

 ment as the tenth fort, for they are not fo hardy as 

 the three'flrft forts ^therefdre^ if there 'is fome tan- 

 ners bark, or other mulch laid upon the furface ot the 

 ground about their roots every winter, it will be a 

 means of preferving the roots ; fo that if a fevere 

 winter^ ftiould kill the ftalks, the roots will put 9"^ 

 new one.s_the fpring following. ; /'^ 'V- ^Vp 

 The thirteenth fort grows naturally in Spain and ror- 

 tugai:^ This rifes with feveral flirubby ft#s trom 

 three to four feet high, which divide into feveral tqur- 



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