!Wi 



i 





*■ 



A 



f 



' » 



* t 



L '. 



*6. PisuM {Ochrus) petiolis decurrcntibiis mcmbranaccis 

 ' diphyllis, pedunculis unifloris. Hort. Clift. 370. Pea 



■ with .membranaceuQS rumting foot-ftalks^ having two 



• leaves and one ficwer upon afoot-fialL Ochrus folio in- 

 tco-ro capreolos emitccnte. C. B. P. 343. fVi 

 'iviih an entire leaf fending out tevArils, - 

 Tliere are a great variety of Garden Peas now culti- 

 vated in England, which are diftinguifhed by the gar- 

 deners and leedfmen, and have their different titles ; 

 but as great part of thefe are only feminal variations, 

 and if not very carefully managed, by taking away all 

 thofe plants which have a tendency to alter before the 

 feeds are formed, they will degenerate into their ori- 

 ginal ftate, fo that all thofe peribns who are curious in 



■ the choice of their feeds, look carefully over thofe 

 which they defign for feeds at the time when they be- 

 gin to flower, and draw out all the plants which they 

 diflike from the other. This is what they call roguing 

 their Peas, meaning hereby, the taking out all the bad 

 plants from the good, that the farina of the former 



■ may not impregnate the latter ; to prevent which, they 

 always do it before the flowers are fully open ; by 



* thus diligently drawing out the bad, and marking 

 thofe which come earlieft to flower, they have greatly 

 improved their Peas of late years, and are conftantly 

 endeavouring to get forwarder varieties ; fo that it 



P I S 



feeft not fo good as the 'common Pea. It may be 

 fov.'n and managed in the fame way as the Garden Pea. 

 I Ihall now proceed to fet down the method of culti- 

 vating the fcveral forts of Garden Peas, fo as to conti- 

 nue them througliout the feafon. 

 It is a common pradlice with the hardeners near 

 London, to raife Peas upon hot-b?ds, to have them 

 very early in the fpring ; in order to which, they fow 

 their Peas upon warm borders under walls or hedo-es, 

 about the middle of Oftober ; and when the plants 

 come up, they draw the earth up gently to their Items 

 with a hoe, the better to proteft them from frofb. 



' In thefe places they let them remain till the lat- 

 ter end of January, or the beginning of Febru- 

 ary, if they are preferved from frofts, obferving to 

 e^trth them up from time to time as the plants ad- 

 vance in height (for the reafons before laid down) as 

 alfo to cover them in very hard froft with Peas-haulm, 

 fl:raw, or fome other light covering, to preferve them 



, from being deftroyed *, then, at the time before-men- 

 tioned, they make a hot-bed (in proportion to the 

 quantity of Peas intended) which muft be made of 

 good hot dung, well prepared and properly mixed to- 

 gether, tliat the heat may not be too great. The 



. dung Ihould be laid about three feet thick, or fome- 



. • what more, according as the beds are made earlier or 



it would be to little purpofe in this place, to attempt I later in the feafon \ wlien the dung is equally levelled. 



*> 



giving particular botanical titles to each which are 

 now cultivated ; therefore I fhall only mention their 

 titles by which they are commonly known, placing 

 them according to their time of coming to the table, 

 or gathering for ufe. /\ 



The Golden Hotfpur. 



The Charlton, v-^--- 



- * ■* 





- > 



■-' i> • 



.* 



- Sugar Dwarf. 



Sickle Pea. ' - * >- 

 .Marrowfat. * ''>- 

 -' Dwarf Marrowfat. 



Rofe, or Crown Pea. 



Rouncival Pea. - ' ' 



Gr^y Pea. 



4 i 



-\f 



Mafters's Hotfpur. 



Effex Hotfpur. - 

 -'-The Dwarf Pea, • 



The SucrarPea. 



Spanifii Morotto. 

 '.' Nonpariel. 



The Englifh Sea Pea is found wild upon the Ihofe in 

 Suffex, and feveral other counties in England. \This 

 was firft taken notice of in the year i c^c^c^^ between Or- 

 ford and Aldborough, where it grew upon the heath, 

 where nothing, no not Grafs, was ever feen to grow ; 

 and the poor people being in diftrefs, by reafon of the 

 dearth of that year, gathered large quantities of thefe 

 Peas, and fo preferved themfelves and families.' This 

 IS mentioned byStowe in his Chronicle, and Camden 

 in his Britannia : but they were both miftaken, in ima- 

 gining that they were Peas caft.on fhore by a fliip- 

 wreck, feeing they grow in divers otlief parts of Eng- 

 land, and are undoubtedly a diflferent fpecies fro^ithe 

 common Pea. -, ' .- - 



then the earth (which Ihould be light and frefli, but 



- not over rich) muft be laid on about fix or eight inches 

 thick, laying it equally all over the bed. .This being 

 done, the frames (which fl:i0uld be two or two and a half 



; feet high on the back fide, and about eighteen inches in 

 front) muft be put on, and covered with glares j after 



■ which it ftiould reinain three or four days, to let the 

 fteam'of the bed pals off, before you put the plants 

 therein, obferving evi^ry day to j:^ife the glaffes to 



:. give vent for the rifing fteam to pafs off^ then when 

 you find the bed of a moderate temperature lor heat, 

 you fhould, with a trowel, or fome other inftrurhent, 



Pig Pea, with fome others. 1 " take up the plants as carefully as pofFible, tp preferve 



■ the earth to the roots, and plant them into the hot-bed 



in rows about two feet afunder j and the plants fhould 



be fet about an inch diftant from each other in the 



.. rows, obferving to water and (hade them until they 



have taken root ; after which you muft be careful to 



. give them air at' all times when the feafon is favoura- 



■- able, otherwife they will draw up. very weak, and be 



t- fubieft to OTow mouldy and decay. "^^ You fhould alfo ^ 



J draw the earth up to the flianks of the planis as they 





<^ 



I h 



Jri 



"* 



J - 



^' 



A! 



«>, ^ 



■■f 



The fifth fort hatH'a perennial root, which contuiues 

 fome years.' This was brought fro'nl Cape Horn hj 

 Lord Anfon's cook, when he palTed that Cape, where 

 thefe Peas were a great relief to the failors: It is kept 

 here as a curiofity, but the Peas are hot fo good for 

 eating as the worft~ fort now cultivated in England" ; it 

 is a low trailing plant ; the leaves, have two lobes on 

 each foot-ftalk, thofe below are fpear-fhaped, and 

 fliarply indented on their edges, but the upper leaves 

 are fmall and'arrbw-pointed.vvThe fldWers are blue, 

 each foot-ftalk fuftaining four or five flovyers ;'the pods 

 are taper, near three inches long, and the feeds are 

 round, about the fize of Tares., . ^ --7^**.- 



- advance in height, and keep "^them. always clear from ' 

 * weeds."' The water they fhould have muft be mven 

 ;\' them fparingly, for if they are too much watered it 

 ^CvAvill caufe them to grow too rankVand fometinies rot 



off the plantj' at their fhanks iuft above eroynd. 



-snTWhen the weather is very hot, you fliould coyer the 



glafies "with mats "In the neat of Se day, to fcreen 



-' them from th6 vibkhce of the fun, which is then too 



/ g-reat for xhem, cauflnsc their leaves to fiagf^ and their ' 



^^ bloffoms to fall off without producing pods," as will ' 



'' • alfo the keeping the glafies too'clofe at that 'feafon. ■ 



'>-N, 



.-7 



r 



:..■^'^- 



_ The fixth fort is ann«ft1 ; this gfSWs naturally afadngft 

 ' ■ the Coifh in Sicily and fome parts of Italy, but is here 

 ■^ preferved in botanic gardens for the fake of jariety. 

 It hath an anorular ftalk rifins near' three' feet 



But when the plants begin to fruit, they fhould be wa- 

 4 tered oftener, and in greater plenty than before; for 

 '■■ by that time the plants will have nearly done grow- 

 <?-> ing,'and the often refrefhing them willoccafion their/- 

 ". , producing a greater plenty of fruit..,;*^^ %': !-, x^"^. 

 '"JThe fort of Pea which is seaerally ufed for this pur- 



pofe is the Dwarf, for all the other forts ramble too 

 ""much to' be kept in frames^; the' reafon for fowmg 



ang 



; high ;" 'the leaves fland upon winged" foot-ftalks, 

 each fuftaining Iwd oblong lobes. The flowers are 

 of a pale yellow colour, and fhaped like thofe of 

 the other forts of Pea, but are fmall, each foot-ftalk 

 fuftaining one flower •, thefe are fucceeded by pods 

 about two inches long, containing five or fix round- 

 im feeds, -which area little comprefTed on their fides. 

 Thefe are by fome perfons eaten green, "but unlefs 

 they are gathered very young, they are coarfe, and at 



. themTn'the common' ground,' arid afterwards tra'nf- 

 \ planting; them on a hot-bed, is alfo to ch^k their 

 r^' growth, and caule them to bear in lefs compafs ; for 

 s 'i if the feeds were fown upon a hot-bed, and the plants 



r 

 -It 



[continued therfeon, tfiey would produce fuch luxu- 

 ■ ^ riant plants as are not to be contained in the frames, 

 * and would bear but little fruit. -:?.. , ' '-'■ \ . ; .; 



The next fort of Pea which is fowh to fucceed thofe 

 > on the hot-bed'" is the Hotfpur, of which there are ■ 

 -}. reckoned three or four forts ; as the Golden Hotfpur, 

 ^'the Charlton Hotfpur, the Mafters's Hotfpur, the 

 Reading Hotfpur, and fome others, which are very - 



. 'little differing from each other, except in their ^gvly 



10 N . -, .--'^bearing ; 



f. 



,- V 



• ' 





f - 



— ■- -J 





'■ *- 





;^ 



.-I 



1 - r . 



>. 



'_;■' 



.-. > 





.' 



-m 



