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The fixth fort grows naturally in Maryland j this h^th 

 a perennial root, from which arife two or three ftalks 

 aboiic eight inches high, which divide into feveral 

 erect branches, garnifhcd with Irnall linear leaves of a 

 dark green colour. The flowers are collected into ob- 

 long heads at the end of the flralks •, they are fmall, 

 and of a purplifh blue colour. 



Both thcfe forts are difficult to obtain, for the feeds 

 rarely fucceed, fo the beft way is to procure their roots 

 from America, and when they arrive plant them in a 

 bed of light earth in a (heltered fuuation. Infumn:er 

 they muft be kept clean from weeds, and if the fur- 



^ face of the ground about their foots is covered with 

 old tanners bark, or any other kind of mulch inwin- 



- ter, to keep out the froft, it will be a fecure method 



to prefer ve them. 



The feventh fort was difcovered by the late Dr. Houf- 



toun growing naturally at La Vera Cruz : this hath 



a taper perennial root which runs deep in the ground, 



from which arife feveral (lender branching ftalks about 



' fix or feven inches high, gafnifhed with downy fpear- 



fhaped leaves an inch long, and half an inch broad 



in the middle, drawing to a point at both ends. The 



flowers are produced in loofe fpikes at the end of the 



' branches V they' are larger than thofe of the common 



fort, and are of a bluifh purple colour. The keel of 



• the flower is bearded, . as in the common fort. 



This is too tender to live in the open air in England, 



and it is one of thofe plants which will not thrive in 



pots, fo is difficult to preferve here. It is propagated 



by feeds, which muft be procured from abroad. The 



feeds, which I received from Dr. Houftoun, remained 



a year in the ground before the plants appeared, a^d 



dxc plants Jived one year ; but when their roots 



J. reached the "bottom ofthe pots, they decayed •, and 



\ thofe which' were. tranfplanted into larger pots did not 



^^^furviv^..tiie.ir removal, though it was performed with 



'. great care. ^ 



J? O L Y G O N A T U M. See Convallaria. 

 POLYMNI A. Lin. Gen. 987. Hard-feeded Chry- 



.- fanthemum. ,. 



' ■ . -. The Characters are, 



• , ^be flower hath a double etnfaleynent -, the outer /> com- 



.. ^^y^^ ^f fi'^^ ^^^S^ fpreading leaves^ the inner of Jen ere£i 



fpear-fiaped leaves \ it hath a radiated flower^ whofe 



... dijkis compofed of hermaphrodite florets^ and the border^ 



;■ or rays:, of five female half floret Sy which , are Jpngue- 



\^Jhaped and trifid. The herniaphrodite florets are funnel- 



".fljaped^ have each five ft amina terminated by cylindrical 



'\ ■ fummits^ which arejonger than the petals ; they have a ' 



a fmall gerraen^ flipper ting a flender ftyle^ crowned by an 



■ r.. cbtufe ftigma \ thefe are Mrren,J The female half florets 

 Cv have a larve zermen^ with a fknSr ftyle the length of 





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and feveral hermaphrodite florets in their middle^ 

 which are encompaffed by a double enjpalemenfj 

 Che outer having five fpreading leaves, the inner ten 

 eredones ; the flowers appear in Odlober, which is 

 too late to be fucceeded by feeds in England -, the 

 ftalks decay in winter, and new ones arife in the 

 fpring. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in feveral parts of 

 North America i this has alfo an abiding root, which 

 fends up many tall ftalks in the fpring, which rife al- 

 moft as high as thofe of the other fort -, thcfe are gar- 

 niflied with large, angular, finuated leaves, of a deeper 

 green than thofe of the former, which are placed al- 

 ternately \ the flowers are of a paler yellov/ colour^ 

 and fit clofe on the top of the ftalks ; thefe appear 

 late in the autumn, fo are not fucceeded by feeds in 

 England. 1 



Thefe plants are both propagated by feeds, which 

 muft be procured from the countries where the plants 

 grow naturally, fo that the feeds feldom arrive here 

 till toward the fpring ; and being fown at that feafon, 

 the plants feldom come up until the following fpring ; 

 whereas, if the feeds could be obtained in November^ 

 and were immediately fown, the plants would appear 

 the following fpring, whereby a year would be faved. 



' The feeds fliould be fown in a bed of light ground in 

 , the open air ; and when the plants come up, they 

 fliould be thinned if they are too clofe, and kept clean 

 froin weeds till the following autumn, when, the roots 

 fliould be carefully taken up, and tranfplanted to the 

 .places where they are to remain, allowing each plant 

 at leaft three feet room to grow, obferving to keep 

 them clean from weeds, and to dig the ground about 

 them every fpring. . ; .. • 



:* O L Y P O D I U M. Tourn Inft. R. H. 540. tab. 31 6. 

 Lin. Gen. Plant, [of -za-oXu? many, and -crouff a foot, 

 q. d. many feet. This kind of plant ftrikes its roots 

 into every part it can lay hold of, whether it be ftcne^ 

 earth, or tree, it is the fame thing, efpeecially if it 



. be a tree of the Oak kind.] Polypody. 

 The Characters are," 



This is one of the Fern tribe^ which is diflinguijhed from 

 the others, by the fru5lification being in roundtfh fpots^ dif 

 tributed on the under furface of the leaf. 

 ,It is ranged in the firft fedion of Tournefort's fix- 

 teenth clafs, which includes the herbs, which have 

 no yifible flower, whofe fruit is faftened on the leaves. 



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; The Species are, . 



I. PoLYPODiuM (F^/^^zr^) frondibus pinnatifidis, pin- 

 nis oblohgis fubferratis obtufis, radice fquamata. Lin* 

 ; -jSp. Plant. 1085, Polypody wi^h wing-pointed leaves hav-^ 

 Z ing oblong obtufe lobes ^ which are fomewhat flawed^ and 

 ^^'%fcaly r^c-/. VPolypodium vulgare. C. B. P. :?^q. 

 iv^Common Polypody.]. ^ >:;:^ 



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 p 



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r-i> ' -r 



This genus of plants is ranged in thfe Fourth fedion 

 n of Linnaeus*s iimejeench cl^fs^ Jntptled .Syngenefia 

 v' .Pplygamia neceffaria, the plants having hermaphro- 

 5cditeand female florets ^ the former having five fta-* 

 . mina whofe fummits are cohneded, the latter are 

 lo fruitful. ; '. 



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tXhe SPECijiS are. 



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i/Polymnia {Uvcdclia) foliis^oppofitis haftato-finuatis. 

 Lin. Sp. i^o^. Hard'feeded Chryfanthemum, withfinu- 





^{M leaves placed oppofite. r-Chryfanthemum angulofis 

 >;,' plat^nifoliis Virginianum. Pluk. Phyt, tab. 83. i. 3... ^ 

 2, Polymnia {Canadcnfts) foliis alternis haftato-finuatis. 

 ;n Lin. Sp. 1303. Hardfeedcd Chryfanthemuniy withfinu- 

 i\ Gted leaves placed alternate. -■ - . ' '^ ' , 



*i The firft fort grows naturally in Virginia, from whence 

 •^: I'have received the feeds ; this hath a perennial root, 



V .yhicli runs deep in the ground; fending up in the 

 ' ^P™g many ftalks in proportion to their fize •, thefe 



V in^moift good ground will rife near ten feet high, and 

 ' are garnifhed with large, angular, finuated leaves eight 



<3r ten inches over, of a light green, placed oppofite ; 



■ - the ftalks are terminated by a cjufter of yellow 



flowers fitting clofe, having very fiiort.foot-rtalks ; 



each having five female half florets in their borders. 



2. Poly PODiv M {Cambricum) frondibus pinnatlfidis, pin- 

 z nis lanceolatis lacero-pinnatifidis ferratis. Lin. Sp. 

 ; Plant. 10B6. Polypody with wing-pointed leaves^ whofe 

 i! lobes are fpear-fhaped^ and the jags wing-pointed and 

 : flawed. Polypodium Cambro-Britannicum, pirihulis ' 

 ad margines laciniatis. Raii Syn. fFel/h Polypody with 



■ jagged leaves. , . ;. . .^. , . . , 



.: There are many other fpecics of this plant which are 



. natives of America, fome of which are preferved in 



'the curious botanic gardens for variety j but as they 



■ are rarely cultivated in other gardens, it may not be 

 thought neceflTary to enumerate them in this place. 



J The firft fort is that which is ufed in medicine, and 



I 



: is founS growing upon old walls and fiiady banks in 



divers parts of England. The fecond fort was broucrhc 



V from Wales, where it grows in great plenty, and is 



■ . the moft beautiful of all the forts. - Thefe plants may 



• be propagated by parting of their roots in the fpring 



before they flicot, and fliould be plahted in a very poor 



- moift foil under the fliade of a wall ; for if they are 



expofed to the fun, they will not thrive. They chiefly 



delight to grow out of the joints of walls and old 



buildings, but are commonly found expofed to the 



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North. 

 POMGRANATE. 

 POMUM ADAM: 



1 1 



See PuNiCA. 



See AURANTIVM. 



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PON- 



