Q U E 



t 



folio anguflo ncn ferrato. C. B. P-«-'4i4, 'The narrow- 

 leaved evergreen Oak. 



14- QuERCus {Gratnuntia) follis oblongo-ovatis finiiato- 

 fpinofis fubtus tomencofis, glandibns pediuiculatis. 



Sauv. Monfp, 96. Evergreen Oak with oblongs oval^ 



prickly y indc/ited leaves^ 'which are woolly en their under 



fide^ and bears Acorns v:ith foot-fiodks. Ilex folio agri- 



folii. Bot. Monfp. 140. The HoUyUeaved evergreen Oak. 



15- QyERCus {Coccifera) foliis ovads indivifis, fpinofo- 

 dentatis glabris. Prod. Leyd. 80. Oak with cval^ tin- 

 divided^ fmooih leaves^ which are prickly and indented. 

 Ilex acLileata, cocciglandifera. C. B. P. 425. Prickly 

 Kermes Oak, 



16. QtJERcus {Virginiana) foliis lanceolate -ova tis inte- 

 gerrimis petiolatis fempcrvirencibus. Oak with fpear- 



jhapedy ovaU entire leaves^ which are evergreen^ and 

 have fcot-ftalh. Quercus fempervirens foliis oblon- 

 gis non finuatis. Banifl:, Evergreen Oak with oblong 

 leaves which are not finuated^ commonly called Livt Oak 



in America. ^ . 



17. Quercus {Suber) foliis ovato-oblongis indivifis fcr- I 

 racis fubtus tomentofis, cortice rimofo fungofo. Hort. 

 CI iff. 448. Oak with cvaly oblong.^ undivided leaves^ ' 

 which are fawed and tvoolly on their under fide ^ and^ have ^ 

 a fungous cleft bark, Suber latifolium perpetuo vi- 

 rens. C. B. P. 424. ^he broad-leaved evergreen Cork- 

 tree, 



The firft fort here nientioned, is the moft common 

 Oak of this country, which is fo well known as to 

 need no defcription ; the leaves of this have pretty 

 long foot-ftalks, and the Acorns have none, but fit 

 clofe to the branches. ' . ".' ' .■. 



The fecond fort is not fo common here as the firft, 

 but in the wilds of Ken: and SulTcx I have fcen many 

 large trees of this kind. The leaves of this are not 



^' fo deeply finuated as thofe of the firft, nor are they fo 



'] irregular, but the indentures are oppofitc, like the 



■ lobes of winged leaves ; thefe have fcarce any foot- 



ftalks, but fit clofe to the branches ; the Acorns ftand 



upon very long foot-ftalks, In which they differ from 



1the common fort. The timber of this fort is account- 



« ■ 



cd better than that of the firft, and the trees when 

 growing have a better appearance. Thefe have been 

 _enerally fuppofed to be feminal varieties, which have 

 ^ accidentally come from Acorns of the fame trees •, I 

 was long of this opinion myfelf, but having lately 

 feen fome "young trees with Acorns upon them, which 

 were raifed from Acorns of the fecond fort, and find- 

 ing they retain their difi'erence, I afn inclined to be- 

 lieve they are different. ' ^- " '. 

 The third fort grows upon the Apennines, and alfo. 



' '^ ' The leaves of this are 



\ J 



as thofe of the 



m Swabia and Portugal. 



broader, and not fo deeply finuated 



common Oak ; they are of *a lighter green on their 



upper fide, and pale on their under ; they have very 



fliort foot-ftalks, and their points are oBtufe -, the 



Acorns have very long fbdt-ralks, "which frequently 



^ fuftain thfee'bf four growing in a clufter. ^ 



The fourth fort grows in the fouth of F^i'ance and 



■ Italy y this is a low bufliy Oak, which rifcs but fix or 

 feven feet high, fending out many flender branches 

 the whole length, garnifhed with o'blong leaves which 

 are obtufely indented ; they are about three inches 

 long, and one and a half broad, {landing upon flen- 

 der foot-ftalks ; the Acorns are' fmall and gfdv/ in 



" clufters, and the galls grow three or four together. 

 The fifth fort grows in Burgundy ; the feaves of this 

 are oblong and pointed, and are frequently indented 

 in the middle like a lyre ; they are jagged and acute- 

 pointed, a little hoary on their under fide, ftanding 

 upon flender fcot-ftalks. The Acorns are fmall, and 

 have rough prickly cups. 



The fixth fort grows naturally in Spain and Italy ; the 

 leaves of this tree are fmooth, and deeply finuated 

 like winged leaves j fome of the finufes are obtufe, 

 , and others end in acute points -, they have very fliort 

 foot-ftalks ', the branches are covered with a purplifli 

 bark when young ; the Acorns- are long and flender, 

 the cups rough and a little prickly, fitting clofe to the 



. branches. The Acorns of this fort are fwect, and are 



frequently eaten by the poor in the fouth of France^ 



who in times of fcarcity grind them and m*akc bread 

 with the flour. 



The feventh fort grov/s naturally in the Levant, from 

 whence the Acorns are annually brought to "Europe, 

 where they are ufed for dyeing'; thefc^are called Ve- 

 lani, and the tree Velanida by the Greeks. It h one 

 of the faireft fpecies of Oak in the world : the trunk 

 of this rifes as high as the common Oak -, tlie branches 

 extend very wide on every fide, and are covered with 

 a grayifli bark, interirtixed with brown fpors ; the 

 the branches are clofely garniflied v/ith oblong oval 

 leaves, about thi*ee inches long, and almoit two 

 broad, which are deeply fawed on their edges -, moft 

 of the fav/s or teeth turn backward, and terminate in 

 acute points. The leaves are ftiff, of a pale green on 

 their upper fide, and downy on their under; the Acorns 

 have very large fcaly cups which almoft cover themi ; 

 the fcales are ligneous and acute-pointed, ftanding 

 out a quarter of an inch j fome of the cups are as 

 large as middling Apples. 



The eighth fort grows naturally in Virginia, and in 

 other parts of North America. This arrives to a 

 large fize in the countries where it naturally grows ; 

 the bark is fmooth, of a grayifli colour, but that of 

 the younger branches is darker ; the leaves are fix 

 inches long, and tVvO and a half broad in the middle, 

 where they are broadeft; they are obtufely finuated, 

 each finus endmg with a briftly point, of a bright 

 green, ftanding upon fliort foct-ftalks. The leaves 



' continue their verdure very late in autumn, {o than 

 unlefs hard froft comes on early, they do not fall till 

 near Chriftmas, and they do hot change their colour 

 long before. The Acorns of this fort are a little long- . 

 er, but not fo thick as thole of the common Oak. . 

 The ninth fort grows naturally in North America ; 

 of this there feems to be two kinds, one of which 

 grows to a much larger fize than the other, though. 

 this may be occafioned by the foil in which they grow; 

 for the largeft fort grows in the rich lovv lands, where 

 it becomes the largeft tree of any of tliS Oaks in 

 thofe countries. The wood is not of a fine grain, 

 but is very ferviceable ; the bark is gray and fcaly i 

 the leaves are five or fix inches long, and two inches 

 and a half broad in the middle, indented on the 

 edges, and have many tranfverfe veins running' from 

 the midrib to the borders ; they are of a bright^gfeen, 

 and fo nearly refernble thofe of the Cheftnut-tree, as 



^fcarceTy to be diftinguifliedfrbm lif^ffhc Acorns of 



' Wis Tort arc very large, and their' cUps'afeflidft. The 

 leaves of the other variety are not fo large, hof fo 

 ftrongly v^med, and the Acorns are fmallqr and a little 



, longer, which may arifefrom the foil. 

 The tenth fort grov/s naturally on'^oof land in riioft 



f)arts of North America, where it never grows to a 

 arge fize, and the wood is of little value. ' , The bark 

 is of a dark brown colour j the leaves are very broad 

 at the top, where they have two waved indentures, 

 which divide them almoft into three lobes j they di- 

 minifli gradually to their bafe, where they are narrow j . 

 they are fmooth, of a lucid green, and have Ihort 

 foot-ftalks. The Acorns are fmaller than thofe of the 



common Oak, and have fliort cups., 

 The eleventh fort grows naturally in North America, 

 y/hct't thew55d is efteemecT preferable to any of their 

 other forts for buildinor, being much more durable 

 than, any of them.' The bark of this tree is grayifli, 

 the leaves are of a light green fix or feven inches long, 

 and four broad in the middle ; tfiey are regularly in- 

 dented almoft to the midrib ; the indentures are ob- 

 tufe, and have fliort foot-ftalks. The Acorns of this 

 greatly refernble thofe of the comrrion Oak. 

 The twelfth fort grows naturally in North America, 

 where they diftinguifli two forts ; one of them is call- 

 ed the Highland Willow Oak, which grows upon 

 poor dry land -, the leaves are of a pale green arid en- 

 tire, fliaped like thofe of the Willow-tree, The Acorns 

 are very fmall, but Ijave pretty large cups. \ y.;^ - 

 The other grows in low moift land, and rifes to a 

 much greater height J the leaves are longer anH nar- 



1 1 C rower. 



