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being Town, quickly puts forili out of t!ie ground.] 



RadHh j in French, Raifort. 



The CiiaraCte:?s arc, 

 T'he enipahraent of the jkzver is ereH^ and compofed of 

 four oblong leaves. "Thz f{ov:er has four heart floaped fe- 

 tch^ placed in form of a crofs^ ivhich fpread open^ and 

 rre narro-zv at their bafe\ it hath four honey glands^ o?ie 

 oi each fide the fijort ftamina het'xecn them and the fly le^^ 

 C'lid one ktzveen each of the hngftardina and the enipale- 



it hath fix floort ftamina which are ere 11 ; two 





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which are cppofttc^ are the length of the cmpalement^ the 

 other four are as long as the hafe of the petals^ terminated 

 by fingle funmits^ and an oblong fwelling germcn nar- 

 rowed the length of the ftamina, with fcarce any ftyle, 

 frowned by a headed ftigma, "the germen afterward be- 

 comes an oblongs fmoothy fpongy pod having an acute 

 pointy fwelling and almoft joi'dted, having two cells di- 

 vided by an intermediate partition., and filled with round- 



ifj feeds* 



This o-cnus of plants is ranged in the fecond feclion 



of Linnxus's fifteenth clafs, which contains thofe 



plants whofe flowers have four long and two ihorter 



ilamina, and their feeds are included in pods. 



' The Species arc, 



Raphanus {Sativus) filiquis teretibus torcfis bilocu- 

 laribus. Horc. Cliff. 340. Radiftozvith taper pods., hav- 

 ing two cells. Raphanus minor oblongus. C. B. P. ^6. 

 Smaller oblong Radifto., or the common Radifto. 



Raphanus {Rotundus) radice rotunda. Round-rooted 

 Radiftj, or f mall., round., Naples Radifh. 



Raphanus {Orbiculatis) radice orbiculata deprefsa. 

 Radifh with an orbicular depreffed root. Raphanus 

 major, orbicularis vel rotundus. C. B. P, 96. Greater 

 orbicular., or round Radijh., commonly called Turnep- 

 rooted^ or white Spanifh Radifh. 



Raphanus (Niger) radice fufiformi. Radiftj with a 

 fpindle-fhaped root. ' Raphanus niger. C. B. P. ^6, The 

 black Spanifh Radifh. ■ - "v.-u'V"; 



Raphanus {Chinenfus) oleiferus. Lin. Sp. ^25*^ Chi- 



■ ' na oily Radifh. : '•' ■" :'.r "v;^:^'^"^'-"^ "' ' ^"'] , r •' ,;■ 

 6. Raphanus {Raphaniftrum) ' filiquis teretibus 

 : '|tis IsEvibus unilocularibus, Hort, Qiff. 340. Radifh 

 -'with fmooth^: tap§r^ Pmf^^i pods having one cellS-K^- 



a fucccfnon of thefe roots for the table throu<-h 



ginning 



es 



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RAP 



winds ; but there are feme who fow Radilli. feeds 

 amongorher crops the middle of September, and If 

 thefe arc not dellroycd by froft, they will b- fit Vo^ 

 ufe early \n February \, but thefe mufl: be eaten wliile 

 they are young, for ihey foon grow fticky and (Iron 

 The fecond fowing is commonly about Chriftnias 

 provided the feafon be mild, and the ground in a 'fit 

 condition to w^ork j thefe are alfo fowed near flidcer 

 but not {o near pales and hedges as the firfl iowina 

 If thefe are not deftroyed by froft, they will be fit 

 forufe the beginning of April ; but in order to have 



c, the 

 feafon, you (hould repeat fowing of their feeds°once a 

 fortnight, from the middle of January till the be 

 of April, always obferving to fow the latter crops up^ 

 on a moift foil and in an open fituation, otherwife 

 they will run up and grow fticky before they are fit 

 - for ufe. 



Many of the gardeners near London fow Carrot-feed 

 with their early Radilhes, fo that when their Radifh., 

 are killed, which fometimes happens, the Carrots will 

 remain ; for the feeds of Carrots commonly lie in the 

 ground five or fix weeks before they come up, and 

 the Radifhes feldom lie above a fortnight under 

 ground at that feafon, fo that thefe are often up and 

 killed, when the Carrot-feed remains fafe in the 

 ground ; but, when both crops fucceed, the Radiflies 

 mud be drawn off very young, cthervv'ife the Carrots 

 will be drav/n up fo w^eak, as not to be able to fup- 

 port themfelvcs when the Radifhes are gone. 

 It is alfo a conftant pra6tice with thefe gardeners to 

 mix Spinach-feed with their latter crops of Radifncs, 

 fo that when the Radiilics are drawn off, and the 

 ground cleaned betv/een the Spinach, it will grow 

 prodigioufly, and in a fortnight's time will as com- 

 . pletely cover the ground, as though there had been 

 no other crop.' And this Spinach, if it be of the 

 v,jbroad- leaved kind, will be larger and. fairer than it 

 ^. 'comnionly is when fown by itfelf ; becaufe where peo- 

 '"pie have "no other crop mixed with it, they commonly 



it too thick, whereby it is drawn up weak, but 

 here th^ roots ftand pretty far apart, fo that after the 

 Radifhes are gone, they have full room to fpread : 



#' ■' 



■^> 



piftrum florealbo, filiquaarticulata. C.B. P. 95. fFhite j i and if ^ the foil be good, it is a prodigious fize this 







.J-.- flowering Charlock with a Jointed pod. " 

 . -."* The laft fort grows naturally' on arable lands in many 

 'T^t parts of Europe, fo is feldom admitted into "gardens. 

 -^^^The other five forts are fuppofed to be only femi- 

 ■ .^ nal variations ; but from forty years experience, I have 

 never found either of thefe to vary from one to the 

 other fort ; and I am certain whoever will make the 

 trial, by faving the feeds of each carefully without 

 mixture, will always find the plants prove the fanle 

 . ?.s the feeds were faved from. ^ ■ 



". ■ The firft fort here mentioned is that which is common- 

 'i'-^ly cultivated in kitchen-gardens for its root, of which 

 .'-"^ there are feveral varieties, as the fmall-topped, the 

 '\ deep red, the pale red or falmon, and the long-top- 

 * 'ped ftriped Radilh j all which are ' varieties arifing 

 i from culture." The fmall-topped fort is mofl com- 

 monly preferred by the gardeners near London, be- 



V 



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Spinach will grow to before it runs up for feedj but 

 :- this hufbandry is chiefly praftifed by fuch gardeners 

 ti: as ""pay very dear for their land, and are obliged to 

 .::have as many crops in. a year as pofllble, otherwife 

 :■ /: they could not aftcrd to pay fuch large rents. . -r*' 

 "When the Radifhes are come up, and have got five 

 or fix leaves, they muft be pulled up where they are 

 too clofe, otherwife they will draw up to a top, but the 

 roots will not increafe their bulk. . In doing of this. 

 Tome only draw them out by hand, which is a tedious 

 .method; but the befl way is to hoe them with a fmall 

 hoe, which will ftir the ground, and deflroy . the 

 young weeds, and alfo promote the growth of the Ra- 

 difhes and Spinach. The diflance which thefe fhould 

 ;be left, if for drawing up fmall, may be tlirce inches, 

 but if they are to ftand until they" are pretty large, fix 

 inches are full near enough, and a fmall fpot of ground 

 caufe they require much lefs room than thofe with I .will afford as' many Radifhesat each fowing, as can 

 large tops, and may be left, much clofer together; | ;,be fpent in a family while they are good. -'^ 



..A if you intend to fave feeds, of -your Radifhes, you 

 y fhould, at the beginning of May, prepare a fp©t of 

 , ground in proportion to the quantity of feeds intended 

 (but you fhould always make allowance for bad fea- 

 fons, becaufe it often happens, in a very dry feafon, 

 that there will not be a fourth part of the quantity of 

 feeds upon the fame proportion of ground as there 

 v/ill be in a moift feafon, though in a dry year the 

 feeds will ripen beft.) _ This ground fhould be well 

 dug and levelled ; then you iliould draw up fome 

 of the ftraiteft and beft coloured Radifhes (throwing 

 away all fuch as are fhort, and that branch out in their 

 roots ;) the Radiflies Ihould be planted in rows three 

 feet diftance, and two feet afunder in the ro,ws, ob- 

 , fervihg, if the feafon be dry, to water them until they 

 have taken root ; after which they will require no far- 

 care, but only to hoe down the weeds between 



thenx 



^ .andji^ as the forward Radifhes are what produce the 

 "'greatefl profit to the gardener, thefe being com- 



I: monly fowh upon borders near hedges, walls,'* or 

 pales, if they are of the large-topped fort, will be 

 apt to grow moftly to a top, and not fwell To much 

 in the root as the other, efpecially if they are left 



v: pretty clofe. ■ : . " ' ■'•v- - ' \ ' ^f-^-J": - 



I: 'The feafpns for fowing this feed are various accord- 



.5^^ ing to the time when they are defigned for ufe ; but. 



i the earlieft feafon is commonly the end of October, 



^ ,or beginning of November, that the gardeners near 



"^London fow them tofupply the markets ; and thefe, 



if they "do not mifcarry, will be fit for ufe in the 



beginning of March following, which is full as foon 



as moft geople care to eat them. Thefe are com- 



• monly fown on warm borders near walls, pales, or 



hedges, where they may be defended from the cold 



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