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this do not produce much fruir, nor is it fo good as 

 to merit cultivation, fo it is only kept by way of cu- 

 riofity. The fruit of the red and white Currants are 

 greatly efteemed for the table^ and are alfo very good 

 in fevers i they are cooling and grateful to the fto- 

 m'ach, quench third, and are fomewhat reftringent. 

 The jelly made with the juice of this fruit and fugar, 

 is very grateful in fevers, and is ufed as fauce to the 

 table. This fruit may be procured good much longer 

 than others upon the plants, by planting them in dif- 

 ferent fituations ; for if they are planted againfl: pales 

 or walls expofed to the fouth, the fruit will ripen 

 in June ; and by planting fome againfl: north v/alls, if 

 they are fcreened from birds, and covered in autumn 

 from froft, they may be kept till November ; and as 

 the fruit is greatly ufed for tarts, it is very convenient 

 , to have a fucceffion of it for fo long a time. 

 TheChampaign Currant differs from the other only 

 * in the colour of the fruit, which is of a pale red or 

 flelh colour. The tafte is fo near to the other, as 

 not to be diftinguiflied ; but this being of a different 



- colour, makes a variety on the table. 



There are plants of all thefe forts with variegated 

 leaves, which are kept in fome gardens for the fake 

 of variety; but as thefe variegations go .off when the 

 plants are vigorous, they fcarce deferve notice. 

 - Thefe forts may be ealily propagated by planting 

 their cuttings any time from the beginning of Sep- 

 tember td the middle of Odober, upon a fpot of frefli 

 earth, either in rows at one foot afunder, or in' beds, 

 which in the fpring mult be kept very , clean from 

 weeds, and in very dry weather, if they are watered, 

 it will greatly promote their'growth. Thele'ma'y re- 

 main one or two years in the nurfery, during which 

 time they ryiuft be pruned for the purpofes defigned, 

 . i. e, either to clear ftems about one foot high, if for 

 ftandards ; or if for walls, p^les, or elpaliers, they 

 i may be trained up flat. 



«. Then they fhould be planted out where they are to 

 V. remain ; for the younger they are planted, the better' 

 . they will fucceed ; the beft feafon for which is foon 



- after the leaves begin to decay, that they may take 

 root before winter, fo that they may be in no danger 



^,^ of fuffering from drought in the fpring. . , . :•. . 

 ,: Thefe plants are generally planted in rows at about 

 . _ elglit or ten feet afunder, and four diftance in the rows, 

 in thofe gardens wher^ the fruit is cultivated for fale ; 



RIG 



RICINOIDES. SeelATRoPHA. 



RICINUS. Tourn. Infl.R. H. 552. tab.307. Lin, 

 Gen. Plant. 962. [fo called, becaufe the feed refembles 

 (ncmus) the animal called by that name, i. e. a tick 

 which infefts dogs and oxen. It is alfo called Palma 

 Chrifti, becaufe its leaves arefaid to refemble the palm 

 of the hand.] Palma Chrifti, vulgo. 

 The Characters are, 



// hath male and female fiowers difpofedin the fame fpike. 

 The male flowers^ which arefjuated en the lower part of 

 the fpike^ have fwelling empalements of one leaf cut into 

 three parts, "Thefe fcgmcnts are oval and concave ^ the 

 flowers have no petals^ but have a great number offlendet 

 flar.nna^ which are connected in feveral bodies, and are 

 terminated by roundip twin fummits. The female flowers^ 

 which are fttuated on the upper part of the fpike^ have 

 empalements of one leaf which are cut into five fegments^ 

 and are armed with prickles \ they have no petals^ but in 

 the center is fttuated an oval gennen^ which is clofely fhut 

 up in the empalements fupporting three fhort ftyles^ which 

 are bifida crowned by fvigle Jiigmas, The germen after- 

 ward turns to a roundifi fruity having three furrows^ di- 

 vided into three cells ^ opening with three valves^ each cell 

 containing one ahncjl oval feed, 



■This genus of plants is ranged in the ninth feflion of 



Linnasus's twenty-firft clafs, which contains thofe 



. planes which have male and female flowers on the 



fame plant, whofe ftamina are joined 



bodies. " 



The Species are, ' " 



r. RrciNus {Vulgaris) folils peltatis ferratis, fubtusglau- 



i.cis, petiolis glanduliferis. Ricinus with target-fhaped 



' fawed leaves which arc gray on their under Jide^ and 



fdot-ftalks hearing glands, Ricinus vulgaris. C. B. P. 



4^2. Common Palma Chrifti, " -^iS"'.'- .-'. . 



atis fubferratis, lobis 



in various 



k^ 



t ^ 



2. Ricinus (Americanus) foliis 



J 1 * *m ■ -■- - r r ^ — — - » 



amplioribus utrlnque virentibus. ^Ricinus with target- 

 fhaped leaves^ which are faived^ whofe lobes are large and 

 green on both fides. Ricinus Americanus major, C. 

 B. P. 432. Great American Palma Chrifti. 



3. Ricinus (Urcns) foliis peltads insequaliter ferratis, 

 capfulis hifpidis. Tab. 219. Ricinus with target -ftoaped 

 leaves which are unequally fawed^ and prickly capfides 

 to the fruit, Ricinus Americanus major, caule vire- 

 fcente. H. R. Par. Greater American Palma Chrifti with 

 a greenifh ftalk. ' ^ 



4. Ricinus {Rugofus) foliis peltatis ferratis, capfulis ru- 



r- ' 



but the belt method is to train them againft^.lqwefpa- j "gbfis ngn echinatis. Tab. 220. Pahna Chriftjwith tar- 

 liers, in which manner they will take up much lefs 

 room in a garden, and their fruit will be inuch fairer. 



get'fioaped favjed leaves^ and rough capfules to the fruit 

 which are not prickly. '.: ^f: ^" • "', - "'. '-"""■■-■ ^'-v-. 



,^ . 



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■ ». 



The diftance they fhould be placed . for ~.ap . efpalier 

 ought not to be lefs than eight or ten feet, that their 

 branches may be trained horizontally, which is of 

 great importance to their bearing. ._,-^:t?: ,w -; • 

 Thofe that are jplanted againft pales or wafls fhould 

 alfo be alloyed tnVtat^e diftance. If tliey areTptanted 

 {.: againft a fouth-'ffafl 'wall or pale', it willcaufe' their 

 -^1 fruit to ripen at leaft a fortnight or three weeks fooner 

 .^^ than thofe in the open air; and thofe which are planted 



*■" c 



t 



prickly 



5. , Ricinus (Africanus) foliis peltatis ferratFs, lobis^maxi- 



"mis, caule geniculato, capfulis echinatis. Ricinus with 



''^target-Jhaped fawed leaves^ having the largeft lobes ^ a 



jointed ftalky' and prickly covers to the feeds. Ricinus 



"Africanus maximus, caule geniculato rutilante. H. R. 



Par." Great eft African Palma Chrifti ^ with a reddiftj 



; - 



jointed ftalk. 



6, Ricinus (Inermis) foliis peltatis ferratisj^ Jobis riiaxi- 



- mis, caule geniculata, capfulis inermis. Palma Chrifti 



fV» againft a noirth wall or pale will be proportibhably I with fawed target-ftoaped leaves^ having very large lobes ^ 



\ 



0, later, io that by this methpd the fruit may be con- 

 r^;^.tinued along time in perfe£tipn, efpecially if thofe 

 ^.u againft the north pales are matted in the heat^'of the 



I- 



-i;.Thefe plants produce their fruit upon the former 

 hv year's wood-, and alfo upon imaJl fnags which come 

 ^^, out of the old wood, fo that iii pruning 'them,'thefe 

 •r;. fnags fhould be preferyed, and the ybiing^fhoots 

 Ihortened in proportion to their ftrength. IfThe only 

 - . method very neceflary to be obferved in pruning of 

 ^» them is, not to lay theiir fhoots tcfo "clofe, ' ariH'never 

 to prunq ,their fnags to make them fniooth.^^ This, 

 with a fmall care in obfei-ving the manner of their 

 growth, will te fufEcient to inftruft any perfoh how 

 to manage this plant, fo as to produce great quanti- 

 ties of fruit, , ^ ; :c.-r.-,;... ^,- . -, ^ / '^ ■ 



Thefe plants will thrive and produce fruit in almoft 

 any foil or fituatlon^ anS are'ofteh planted under the 

 fhade of trees j but the fruit is^ always' beft when they 



a jointed ft alk^ and fnooth covers to the feeds. ' 



7. Ricinus {Minor) foliis palmatis ferratis, profundius 



divifis capfulis echinatis. Ricinus with hand-Jhaped faw- 



* ed leaves which are deeply divided^ arid prickly covers to 



.4^ -■ 



• r- 



•^ •- • 



C i V 



V *t * 



. - are planted in the open air, .and vippu ,a light loaniy foil. 



the feeds. Ricinus Americanus minor, C.B. P. 422. 



Small American Palma Lhriftt. > -■_ ,v .^ - .. '-j-. / ; 



.cThe firft fort grows naturally in Sicily, ana other 



', warm, parts of£urope. This rifes'with a^ftrongher- 



.baceous ftalk to the. height of ten or t\yelve feet ; the 



joints are at a great diftance from each others the 



.ftalk. and branches are of a gray colour ; the leaves 



are large, and have long foot-ftalks ;, they are deeply 



divided into kwcn lobes which are fawed on their 



. edges, and are gray on their under fide ^ at the di- 



vifion of the lobes is ia fort of navel, where the foot- 



L 



ftalk joins the leaves on their under fide. The flowers 

 are difpofed in long fpikes, which rife at the divifion 

 of the bfahches*-, the lower part of the fpikes are'gar- 

 niflied with male flowers, which have fwollen empale- 



divided into three parts which open, and (hew 



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