

n 



V 



le half 



R U D 



bottom. The foot-llalk wliich lupports tJie fiowcr 

 is naked near a foot in length, and is terminated bv 

 one pretty large yellow fiower, fliaped Ibinewha* like 

 tlie Sunflower, from wlience it was titled Dwarx Sun- 

 flower. The petals or rays of the flower are very 

 (lift; and are flightly indented at their points ^ the 

 middle or diflc of the flower is very prominent, py- 

 ramidal, and of a dark purple colour. Thcfe flmvcVs 

 are of long duration ; 1 have frequent);, obferved one 

 flower has continued in beauty near lix weeks, and 

 as the plants produce many flowers, fo there is a luc- 

 ceflion of them on the fame plant, from the middle 

 of July till the froft puts a flop to them, which ren- 

 ders them more valuable. This fort will fomeumes 

 produce good feeds in England, when the feafonsare 

 very favourable \ but they are generally propaaated 

 here by offsets or flips, unleis when good feeds can be 

 procured from America, The beft time to feparate 

 the off'sets is in the fpring, becaufe the plants continue 

 to flower fo late in autumn, as to render it imprafti- 

 cable to perform it till the fpring, fo that the flips will 

 flower but weak the fame year. The plants will live 

 abroad in the open air through the winter, if they are 

 planted in a dry foil and a warm fltuation ; but it will 

 always be prudent to fhelter two or three plants un- 

 der a common hot-bed frame in winter to preferve 

 the kind, becaufe in very fevere winters they are often 

 killed. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in Carolina, and alio 

 in Virginia, This is a perennial plant like the former, 

 but very rarely produces feeds in England ; nor da 

 the plants put out heads whereby it may be propa- 

 gated like the other, fo that it is at prelent not very 

 common here. The leaves of this fort are longer and 

 broader than ^thofe of the other, and are fmooth, 

 having three veins ; the fl:alks which fupport the 

 ■ flowers are taller, and have two or three narrow leaves 

 on each, which are placed alternate : on the top is 

 one flower with long, narrow. Peach-coloured petals, 

 which are reflexed ; the middle or diflic of herma- 

 phrodite florets is very prominent, and of a dark 

 3. RuDBECKiA {Triloba) ^ foliis fpatulatis, caulinis qui- | purple colour, but the fummitsupon the flramina be- 

 bufdam trilobis, ramis indivifis. Hort. Upfal. 269. J ing of a gold colour, adds a lufi:re to the other. This 

 Rudbeckia with under leaves fpattle-JIoapedy and the upper J fort may be treated in the fame manner as the other. 



The Charactlrs are, 

 It hath female and hermaphrodite florets inch fed in one 

 common empalenient^ comp'^fed of t-^jjo orders oj leaves^ 

 the fcaks cf -zvhich are plrdn^ breads and fbort. 

 rays or border of the flo-iver is compofed of fcrnal 

 florets^ Tchich are fir etched out en one fide like a tongue-, 

 and end loith two or three indentures \ thefe have ger- 

 mcn fitting upon proper receptacles^ but have neither 

 fvle or fiamina^ and are barren. The hermaphrodite 

 florets ere tubulcus^ funnclfhapcd^ and indented in five 

 parts at the brim. They have five fljort hair-like ftami- 

 pa in each^ terminated by iylindrical fnmmits^ and ager- 

 rnen fitting in the common empalement, having a fiender 

 flylc crowned by a reflexed ftigma^ divided into two parts, 

 ^4 he germen afterward becoine fingle^ oblongs four-corner- 

 ed fceds^ crowned by their proper cup^ zvhich has four 



indentures. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the third fefti on 



of Linnarus's nineteenth ciafs, which includes the 



plants whole flowers are compoled of hermaphrodite 



fruitful florets, and female barren half florets. 



The Species are, 



1. Rudbeckia (Jlirta) foliis indivifis fpatulato-ovatis, 

 radii petalis emarginatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 907. Rud- 

 heckia with oval,, fpattle-fljaped^ undivided leaves,^ and 

 the petals of the rays indented. Chryfanthemum hele- 



' nii folio, unibone fioris, grandiufcula prominente. 

 Pluk. Aim. 99. tab. 242. Corn Marygcld with an 

 Elecajnpane leaf^ and a large prominent middle to the flow- 

 er^ commonly called Dwarf American Sw flower, 



2. Rudbeckia {Ptirpurea) foliis lanceolato-ovatis alter- 



104. 



Rudbeckia with oval,, fpear-fijapedy undivided leaves^ 

 placed alternate^ and the petals of the ray bifid. Chry- 

 fanthemum Americanum, doronici folio, flore per- 

 fici coloris, umbone magno prominente ex atro pur- 

 pureo viridi & aureofulgente. Pluk. Aim. ^g. Ame- 

 7'ican Corn Marygold with a Leopardfhane leafi a Peach- 

 coloured flower^ and a large protninent middle of a dark 

 purple,, green,, and fioining gold colour^ commonly called 

 Dwarf Carolina Sunflower. 



nis indivifis, petalis radii bifidis. Flor. Virg. 



t 





, »-' * . 



-:J' -W 1*' 



ones with three /(^^^j...., Chryfanthemum cannabinum 

 Virginianum hirfutum, difco magno, petalis aureis 



Virginian 



radiato. 



Pluk. Aim, 100. tab. 22. fig. 2. 



by fheltering of it in winter ; it flowers at the fame 

 feafon, but the flowers are not of fo long duration as 

 thofe of the former. 



He?np Agriynony,, with a large difk to the flower^ and the I The third fort grows naturally in feveral parts of North 



petals of the rays of a gold colour. 



America; this is a biennial plant, which in warm 



4. Rudbeckia {Laciniata) foliis inferioribus compofitis fummers perfects its feeds in England ; the lower 

 acute dentatis, caulinis fimplicibus integris dentatif- leaves of this fort are divided into three lobes, but 



que. Rudbeckia with compound^ indented,, lower leaves,, 

 thofe upon the ft alksfmglCi entire^ and indented. Corona 

 foils foliis amplioribuslaciniatis. Tourn. Infl:. R, H. 

 490. Sunflower with large jagged leaves. 



5. Rudbeckia (^i;^^/^) foliis omnibus quinatis, acute 

 dentatis exterioribus trilobatis. Rudbeckia with all the 

 leaves compofed of five lobes which are fharply indented^ 

 and the outer ones divided into three. Corona folis foliis 

 angufliioribus laciniatis. Tourn. Infl:. R. H, 490, Sun- 

 flower with narrow jagged leaves. . / 



'6. Rudbeckia (Digitatis) foliis inferioribus compofitis, 

 caulinis quinatis ternatifque, fummis fimplicibus. 

 Rudbeckia with compound lower leaves ^ thofe on theftalks 

 quinquefoliate and trifoliate^ and the top ones fingle. Obe- 

 lifcotheca petalis florum perangufl:is longis, foliis di- 

 gitatis, caule glabro ferrugineo. Amman. Sunflower 

 with long narrow petals to the flower^ hand-fhaped leaves^ 

 and a fmooth iron-coloured ft alk. 



7. Rudbeckia {Anguftifolia) foliis oppofitis integerri- 

 mis. Gron. Virg. iSi. Rudbeckia with linear entire 

 leaves placed oppofite. 



The firrt fort grows naturally in Virginia, and feveral 

 other parts of North America. The root of this will 

 continue four or five years, but unlefs there is care 

 taken to flielter it in winter, the plants are fometimes 

 deflrroyed by cold or too much wet. This fort fends 

 out heads by which it may be propagated ; the leaves 

 are oblong, oval, and hairy ; the ftalks rife a foot 

 and a half high, and have one or two leaves near the 



thofe upon the fl:alks are undivided -, they are hairy, 

 and fliaped like thofe of the firfl: fort; the flialks 

 branch out on their fides, and are better garnifhed 

 with leaves than either of the other. The flowers are 



' very like thofe of the firft fort, but are fmaller ; the 

 plants will live through the winter in the open air in 

 mild feafons, and may be propagated by flips or heads; 

 but the befl; way is to raife the plants from feeds, be- 

 caufe thofe will flower much better than fuch as are 

 procured by flips ; the fecond year the feedling plants 

 will flower, and produce ripe feeds. 

 The fourth fort grows naturally in miOfl: parts of 

 North America, and has been long an inhabitant in 

 the European gardens, where it was generally known 

 by the title of Sunflower. The root of this is peren- 



' nial, but the fl:alk is annual ; the lower leaves are 

 compofed of five broad lobes, which are deeply cut in- 

 to acute points, and fome of them are jagged almoft 

 to the midrib ; the outer lobe is frequently cut into 

 three deep fegments. The fl:alks rife feven or eight 

 feet high, and divide upward into feveral branches ; 

 they are fmooth, green, and garniflied with fingle 

 leaves, which are oval and heart-fliaped \ fome of 

 thefe are indented on their edges, others are entire. 

 The foot-fl:alks which fufl:ain the flowers are naked, 

 and terminated by a fingle flower with yellow petals 

 or rays, ihaped like thofe of the Sunflower, but 

 fmaller. This does net produce feeds here, but is 



eafilv propac^ated by parting of the roots, in the fame 

 ' ^ ^ "^ ^ ^ ° manner 



