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RUT 



hairs ; they have ten thick ftamina, five of which 

 are alternately longer than the petals; the feed-veflels 

 are like thofe of the firft fort. / 

 The fixth fort grows naturally in Spain ; this rifes 

 wjrh feveral fingle ftalks from the root near a foot and 

 a half high, which are garniflied with fingle leaves 

 about three quarters of an inch long, and one eighth 

 of an inch broad; they are of a yellowifh green co- 

 lour, and are placed alternately on the ftalks, to which 

 they fit pretty clofe ; at the bafe of thefe come out 

 one or two very fmall leaves, of the fanne fhape and 

 colour. The flowers grow in fmall clufters at the end 

 of the ftalks ; they have each five oblong yellow pe- 

 tals, and ten ftamina of equal length with them, ter- 

 minated by awl-fhaped fummits. This flowers in 

 June, and the feeds ripen in autumn ; the plants are 

 generally biennial in England. 



The feventh fort rifes with an eredb ftalk about two 

 feet high, garniflied with compound leaves, whofe 

 fmaller leaves are narrow and obtufe, of a grayifti 

 colour, but have not fo ftrong an odour as the former. 

 The upper part of the ftalk divides in form of a 

 corymbus, fuftaining upon naked foot-ftaiks fmall 

 bunches of yellow flowers, which have five concave 

 petals, and ten ftamina which are much longer than 

 the petals, terminated by roundifti fummits. 

 The eighth fort grows near Padua ; this feems to be 

 aplantof fliort duration ; the ftalk rifes fingly from 

 the root, is about a foot high, herbaceous, and gar- 

 nifhed with narrow trifoliate leaves placed alternately 

 on the ftalk, to which it clofely adheres ; the ftalk 

 branches at the top in forni of an lim^eU fuftaining 

 many yellow flowers, compofed of five plain petals, 

 having no hairs on their borders. It is propagated by 

 feeds, which if fown in the autumn, foon after it is 



^ ripe, the plants will come up the following fpring ; 

 but when the feeds are fown in the fpring, the plants 



. fcldom rife the fame year. If thefe grow upon poor 

 ground, or in rubbifti and in a warm fituatlon, they 



will live in the open air without covering, but in rich 

 . ground they are frequently killed in winter. 



, All thefe plants may be propagated either by fowlng 

 of their feeds, or by planting flips or cuttings ; both 

 of which may be done in the fpring. The manner of 



- propagating them from cuttings being the fame as for 

 Lavender, Stsechas, and other hardy aromatic plants, 

 need not be here repeated ; and if they are propa- 

 gated by feeds, there needs no farther care but to dig 

 abed of frefli earth in the fpring, making it level ; 

 then to fow the feed thereori, and rake the ground 

 fmooth; after which, you muft obferve to keep the 

 bed clear from weeds until the plants are' come up 

 about two inches high, when they fliould be trans- 

 planted out into frefti beds, where they may remain 

 for ufe. All thefe plants muft have a dry foil, other- 

 wife they are very fubjeft to be deftroyed in winter. 

 The two Aleppo Rues, and the wild Rues are ten- 

 derer than the common fort, fo require flielter in win- 

 ter ; but the Aleppo Rues will endure our ordinary 

 winters very well in the open air, efpecjally if they 

 are planted on a dry foil. 



' The fixth and feventh forts are tenderer than either of 

 the other, and are of fliorter duration. The feeds of 

 the feventh fort were fent me from Gibraltar Hill, 

 where the plant grows naturally ; this doth not ripen 



its feeds her6, unlefs the fummers are warm ; and in 

 hard winters the plants are generally killed, unlefs they 

 are removed into ftielter. 



The fixth fort will live through the winter in the open 

 air, provided it is planted in a poor dry foil, and the 

 fecond year it will perfed feeds ; but as it is of a ftiort 

 duration, young plants fliould be annually raited to 

 fucceed the others. 



All the forts of Rue will live much longer, and are 

 Icfs liable to be injured by froft in winter, when they 

 grow in a poor, dry, rubbifliy foil, than in good 

 ■ ground; for \ti rich moift land the plants grow very 

 . vigoroufly in fummer, and are fo replete with n^qifture, 

 tliat a fmall froft will kill their tender Ihoots ; where- 





as in poor dry ground, or when they grow upon old 

 walls, their growth will not be great, but their fhoots 

 will be hard and compaft, fo are more able to refift 

 the cold. 



The firft fort was formerly ufed to plarit for edo-jno-s 

 on the fides of borders j it was then called Herb 

 of Grace, but was by no rneans proper for this ufe 

 for the plants flioot fo vigoroufly, chat there is no 

 keeping them within the bounds of an edo-lng; 

 befides, when they are kept clofely fheeredj'^they 

 appear to be very ragged and ftumpy^ and their 

 roots fpread fo far as to exhauft the goodnefs of 

 the foil, fo that the other plants would be deprived 

 of their nourifliment, which feafons have caufed 

 them to be wholly neglefbed for this purpofe ; fo that 

 at prefent they are chiefly cultivated for medicinal 

 ufe, or to furnifli the balconies for the citizens in the 

 fpring, efpecially that with a variegated leaf 

 RUTA CANINA. See Scrophularia. ^ 



RUT A MURARIA, Wall-rue, or white Maiden- 

 hair. 



This plant is found growing out of the joints of old 

 walls in divers parts of England, where it is gathered 

 for medicinal ufe ; but as it cannot be cultivated in ' 

 gardens, fo as to grow to advantage, I Ihall not fay 

 any thing more of it in this place, 



RUYSCHIANA. Boerh. Ind ak. i. p. 172. Dra- 

 cocephalum. Lin, Gen. Plant. 648, 



The Characters are. 

 The flower hath a permanent empakment of one leaf which 



upper 



fegm 



! 



of the Up kindy having one petal which has a tube longer^ 

 than the empakment. fhe chaps are large and fwelling% 

 the upper lip is ereSl and arched ; // is gently indented at 

 the top\ the lower lip is trifid\ the two fide fegments are 

 ndrrowy and fidnd ere^ \ the middle is broad^ refiexedy 

 and indented at the point. It hath four fiamina^ iwo of 

 which are long^ and fttuated under the upper lip ; the 

 other two are fhorter^ and fttuated juft below them ; they 

 are terminated by oblong fummits fafiened in the middle : 

 it has four germen fttuated at the bottom of the em^ 

 pal'ement, fupporting aflender ftyle the length of the ft a- 

 mina, crowned by a bifid reflexed ftigma. The germen 

 afterward become four oblong feeds which ripen in the 

 empalement. 



This genus of plants is joined to the Dracocephalum 

 by Dr. Linnaeus, which is ranged in the firft fe6Hon 

 of his fourteenth clafs, containing the plants whofe 

 flowers have two long and two fliorter ftamina, and 

 are fucceeded by naked feeds ripening in the em- 

 palenrient. 



^ The Species ar^," 



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*- -,. ^ 



1. RuYSCHiANA {Spicata) floribus fpicatis, foliis brac-^ 

 teifque linearibus glabris indivifis. Ruyfchiana with 

 fpiked flowers, linear leaves ^ and bra^le^ which are fmooth 

 and undivided. Ruyufchiana flore casruleo magno. 

 Boerh. Ind. alt. i. p. 172, Ruyfchiana with a large blue 

 flower. 



2. RuYSCHiANA {Laciniata) floribus fpicatis, foliis 11- 

 nearibus trifidis hirfutis. Ruyfchiana with fpiked flowers, 

 and hairyy linear, three-pointed leaves. Ruyfchiana 

 hirfuta, foliis laciniatis. Amman. Ruth. 50. Hairy 

 Ruyfchiana with jagged leaves. 



3. RuYSCHiANA {Verticillata) floribus axillaribus, foliis 

 Janceolatis dentatis glabris, Ruyfchiana with flowers 

 growing at the wings of the ftalks, and fmooth, indent ed, 

 fpear-fhaped leaves, Dracocephalon foliis ex lanceolato- 

 linearibus rarius dentatis fpinulofis, floribus gemellis- 



\ 



Gmel. 



fpear-fh. 

 fomewhat 



leaves 



flowers growing by pairs. 



The firft fort grows naturally in Auftria and Hun- 

 gary ; this hath a perennial root, and an annual 

 ftalk, which is four-cornered, and rifes about twb .■ 

 feet high, garniflied vTith two fmooch linear leaves 

 at each joint, about one inch long, and one-eio-hth 

 of an inch broad, with a deep furrow along the 



middle ; and at each joint, at the other fides of the 



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