thcfc are longer and narrower than thofe of 



A M 



x\](bcd with leaves which have feldom more than fe- 

 v^^n lobes to each, and toward the top of the ftalks 



but five i 



the former, and are deeply cut on their edges, ending 

 with winged acute points. The flowers are produced 

 in unibeis at the top of the ftalks, which are fhaped 

 like thofe of th.e former, and are fuccecded by the 



l;ke berries. 



The fixrh fort grows naturally in North America, 

 where it rifes to the heigf.t of twenty feet, but in Eng- 

 land it is feklcm feen much more than half that 



and while the plants are young and full of 



height , ^ . _ 



fap, the froft frequently kill their young Ihoots al- 

 moft to the ground ; and in wet autumns, when the 

 flioots are replete with moifture, the early frofts fre- 

 quently injure them. 



The leaves of this fort have generally feven or nine 

 lobes, which are longer and narrower than thofe of 

 the common Elder, and the berries are fmaller than 

 thofe of that fort, but of the fame black colour, 

 though not fo full of juice, nor have the leaves fo 



[Irong a fcent. 



The three firft forts may be eafily propagated from 

 cuttings, or by fowing their feeds j but the former 

 beino- the mod expeditious method, is generally prac- 

 tifed. The feafon for planting of their cuttings is 

 any tim.e from September to March, in the doing of 

 ■which, there needs no more care than to thruft the 

 cuttings about fix or eight inches into the ground, and 

 they will take root faft enough, and may afterwards 

 be tranfplanted where they are to remain, which may 

 be upon almoft any foil or fituation ; they are extreme 

 hardy, and if their feeds are permitted to fall upon the 

 ground, they will produce plenty of plants the fuc- 

 ceeding fummer. 



Thefe trees are often planted for making fences, be- 

 caufe of their quick growth -, but as their bottoms be- 

 come naked in a few years, they are not fo proper for 

 that purpofe ; neither would I recommend them to 

 be planted near habitations, becaufe at the feafon when 

 they are in flower, they emit fuch a ftrong fcent, as 

 will occafion violent pains in the heads of thofe who 

 abide long near them •, befides, the crude parts which 

 are continually perfpired through their leaves, are ac- 

 counted unwholefome,'^ though the leaves, bark, and 

 other parts, are greatly efteemed for many ufes in 



medicine. 



The fourth fort propagates itfelf faft enough where- 

 cver it is once planted, by its creeping roots, fo that 

 it is very difficult to keep it within bounds, therefore 

 is not a proper plant for gardens ; but thofe who are 

 inclined to keep it for medicinal ufe, need only plant 



A M 



of the Box-tree, fo is often ufcd for the fame purpofcs, 

 where Box- wood is fcarce. 



The bark, leaves, flowers, and berries of this tree, 

 are ufed in medicine. The inner bark is efteemed 

 good for dropfies, the leaves are outwardly ufed fur 

 the piles and inflammations. The flowers are in- 

 wardly ufed to expel wind, and the berries are efteem- 

 ed cordial and ufeful in hyfteric diforders, and are 

 frequently put into gargarifms for fore mouths and 

 throats. 



AMOLUS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 143. tab. 60. 

 Lin. Gen. Plant. 205. Round-leaved Water Pim- 

 pernel. 



The Characters arc, 



of the flo'i 

 five fegm 



ere^. and 



nts. It has ofte petals with a Jh 

 fpreading tube , the brim is flain^ obtufe^ and cut i, 



fi 



five jhortft. 



fegment of the petals terminated by ft 



together. 



fituated under the flower^ fup 



fiender ftyle^ crc'ujned by a headed ftig 



ifterward becomes an oval capfule with one 



half through into five valves^ filled with fmall 



The 



ed in gardens. 



feeds 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feclion of 

 Linn^us's fifth clafs, which contains thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have five ftamina and one ftyle. 

 We have but one Species of this plant, viz. 

 Samolus {Vakrandi) valerandi- 'J. B. Round-leaved 

 Water Pimpernel. 



This plant grows wild in fwampy places, where the 

 'water ufually ftands in winter, and is feldom preferv- 



It is an annual plant which flowers in 

 June, and the feeds are ripe in Auguft ; at which 

 time, whoever hath a mind to cultivate this plant, 

 Ihould fow the feeds on a moift foil, where the plants 

 will cpme up, and require no farther care but to 

 keep them clean from weeds. 

 AMYD A. Lin. Gen. Plant. 525. Guidonia. Plum. 

 Nov. Gen. 4. tab. 24. 

 . The Characters are, 



r ^^ 



The flower has a rough bell-fhaped empalement of one leafy 

 which is cut at the brim into five points^ which fpread 

 open. It has no petal, but has fifteen Jhort awl-fhaped 

 ftamina inferted in the empalement, terminated by oval 

 fummits, and a hairy globular germen, fupporting a cylin- 

 drical ftyle, crowned by a headed ftigma. ^he germen af- 

 terward becomes an oval berry tvith four furrows, having 

 four cells, including many kidney-fhaped feeds immerfed in 

 the oval receptacle. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedlion of 

 Linnasus's tenth clafs, which includes thofe plants 



J 



one or two of the roots in any abjedt part of a gar- whofe flowers have ten ftamina and one ftyle. 

 den or field, and the place will foon be fpread over 



with it. 



The fifth fort ispreferved in botanic gardens for the 

 fake of variety, but is feldom admitted into other gar- 

 dens. This propagates by the root, though not fo 

 faft as the other. . . .; _ 



The fixth fort will put out roots from cuttings, al- 

 moft- as well as the common Elder ; but as it is liable 

 to injury from fevere frofts, fo it Ihould be planted in 

 a fiieltered fituation. 



The Species are, 

 r. Samyda (Serrulata) floribus dodecandris foliis ova- 

 to-oblongis ferrulatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 558. Sanr/da 

 with oblong, oval, fawed leaves, and flowers with twelve 



Guidonia ulmi foliis, flore rofeo. Plum- 



ftamina. 



"Nov. Gen. 4. Guidonia with Elm leaves. 



Rofe 



flower 



iflora) floribus decandns fohis, ovato 



Sa- 



oblongis, utrinque glabris. Lin. Sp. Plant. 557 



I ^ 





The common Elder will grow upon any foil or in J fmooth 



any fituation ; the trees are frequently feen growing 



on the top, and out of the fide of old walls ; and 



they are often ittxi growing clofe to ditches, and in 



very moift places ; fo that wherever the feeds are fcat- 



tered, the plants will come up, as they often do 



from the hollow of another tree. The leaves and 



'b flowers having ten ft ^ 



aves. Guidonia nucisjuglandis folio. Plum. 



rn. 4. Guidonia with a Walnut-tree leaf 

 Thefe plants grow naturally in the Weft-Indies ; the 

 firft; fort rifes with a flirubby ftalk fix or eight feet 

 high, fending out feveral weak branches, which are 

 garniflied with oval leaves drawing to a point ; they 

 are an inch and a half long, and one inch broad, 



ftalks of this plant are fo bitter and naufeous, that few I fawed on their edges, and of a light green colour. 



animals will browfe upon it. I have often feen the J The flowers come out from the wings of the leaves 



upon fhort foot-ftalks ; they have a five-leaved em- 

 palement, which is of a bright red within ; the ftami- 

 na which are about ten in number, are inferted mthe 

 empalement, and ftand ereft ; and in the center is fi- 

 tuated an oval germen, which turns to a berry witli 



of pith, but as the trees grow old, their wood be- I four cells, containing fmall feeds. 



trees growing in parks, where there has been variety 

 of animals, and have obferved they were untouched, 

 when almoft all the other trees within reach have been 

 cropped by the cattle. • 

 The young Ihoots of this tree are ftrong and very full 



\ 



comes very hard, and will polilh almoft as well as that 





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