I 



a. 



A T 



ked foot-ftalk about a foot high, fuflaining one nod- 

 ding Power at the top, which has a double empale- 

 ment ; the outer one is of one leaf, divided into five 

 parts to the bottom, where they are connedcd to the 

 foot-ltalks •, thefe fegments are obtufe and bent over 

 the flov.er, fo as to cover the infide of it ; they are of 

 a purple colour on the outfide, but green within, 

 having purple edges ; the inner empalement, which is 

 connpofed of three green leaves, fails off; within thefe 

 are five oval petals of a purple colour, which are hol- 

 lowed like a fpoon •, thefe cover the ftamina and lum- 

 mits, with part of the ftigma alfo. In the center is 

 lltuated a large, roundiOi, channelled germen, fup- 

 porting a fhort ftyle, crowned by a very broad five- 

 cornered ftigma, fattened in the middle to the ftyle, 

 and covering the ftamina like a target ; this is green, 

 and the five corners which are ftretched out beyond 

 the brim are each cut into two points, and are pur- 

 plifti. Round the germen are fituated a great num- 

 ber of iliort ftamina, joining the fides of the germen 

 clofely, which are terminated by target-ftiaped furrow- 

 ed fummits, of a pale fulphur colour. When the flower 

 decays, the germen fwells to a large roundifli capfule 

 with five cells, covered by the permanent ftigma, and 

 filled with fmall feeds. It flowers in June, and the 

 feeds ripen In autumn. 



The fecond fort grows naturally In Carolina, upon 

 bogs and in ftanding fliallow waters. The leaves of 

 this fort grow near three feet high, being fmall at the 

 bottom, but widening gradually to the top. Thefe 

 are hollow, and are arched over at the mouth like a 

 friar's cowl. The flowers of this grow on naked pe- 

 dicles, rifing from the root to the height of three 

 feet •, thefe flowers are green. 



Thefe plants are efteemed for the Angular ftrufl:ure of 

 their leaves and flowers, which arc fo different from 

 all theknow^n plants, as to have little refemblance of 

 any yet difcovered; but there is fome difficulty in get- 

 ting them to thrive in England, when they are obtain- 

 ed from abroad ; for as they grow naturally on bogs, 

 or in fliallow ftanding waters, fo unlefs they are con- 

 ftantly kept in wet, they will not thrive ; and although 

 the winters are very fliarp in the countries where the 

 firft fort naturally grows, yet being covered with wa- 

 ter and the remains of decayed plants, they are de- 

 fended from froft. " 



The bcft method to obtain thefe plants is, to procure 

 them from the places of their natural growth, and to 

 have them taken up with large balls of earth to their 

 roots, and planted in tubs of earth ; which muft be 

 conftantly watered during their paffage, otherwife 

 they will decay before they arrive ; for there is little 

 probability of raiflng thefe plants from feeds, fo as to 

 produce flowers in many years, if the feeds do grow ; 

 io that young plants fliould be taken up to bring 

 over, which are more likely to ftand here, than thofe 

 which have flowered two or three times. When the 

 plants ^re brought over, they fliould be planted into 

 pretty large pots, which fliould be filled with foft 

 fpongy earth, mixed with rotten wood, Mofs, and 

 turf, Vv^hich is very like the natural foil in which they 



Thefe pots fhould be put into tubs or large 

 pans which will hold v\ater, with which they muft be 

 conftantly fupplied, and placed in a(hady fituation in 

 fummer ; but in the winter they muft be covered with 

 Mofs, or flieltered under a frame, otherwife they 

 ■will not five in this country ; for as the plants muft be 

 kept in pots, fo if thefe are expofed to the froft, it 

 will foon penetrate through them, and greatly injure, 

 if not deftroy the plants ; but when they are placed 

 under a common frame, where they may have the 

 open air at all times in mild weather, and be flicker- 

 ed from hard froft, the plants will thrive and flower ' 

 very well. 



SASSAFRAS. See Laurus. 



SATUREJA. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 197. Thymbra. 

 Tourn, Inft. 197. Lin. Gen. Plant. 626. [fo called, 

 becaufe laid to caufe a fatyriafmus, or priapifmus, 

 this herb exciting greatly to vcnery.'J Savory ; in 

 French, Sarriette, 



grow. 



A 



The Characters are, 

 The flower hath an cYc5l^ ttilulous, ftriated, pcrmaric-v.t 

 empalement of one leaf indoUed at the brim in frj0 

 points ; it hath one ringent petaU tvhofe tube is cylindri- 

 cal and fljorter than the empalement ; the chaps areflngle^ 

 the upper lip ere6i and obtufe^ having an amte indenture 

 at the point. The under lip is fpreading^ divided into 

 three parts^ which are nearly equaL 



'/ 



// has four brijlly 



Jh 



which tench each other ^ and a four-pointed gerr,ien fup- 

 porting a hriftly fiyle^ crowned by two brijlly fiigmas, 

 "The germen afterward become four feeds^ which ripen in 

 the empalement. 



This genus of plants Is ranged in the firft fedlion of 

 Linna^us's fourteenth clafs, which contains thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have two long and two fliorter ftamina, 

 and the feeds are naked in the empalement. 

 The Species are, 

 I, Satureja {Hortenjis) pedunculis bifloris. Vir. Cliff. 

 87. Savory with two flowers upon each foot-flalk. Sa- 

 tureja fativa. J. B. 3. 272. Garden^ or Summer Savory, 

 Satureja {Thymbra) verticillis fubrotundis hifpidis, 

 foliis oblongis acutis. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 324. Savory 



2. 



3 



with whorled flowers^ and oblong acute-pointed leaves, 



Thymbra legitima. Cluf. Hift. i. p. 358. The true 



Thymbra, 



Satureja {Montana) pedunculis dichotomis laterall- 

 bus folitariis, foliis lineari-lanceolatls mucronatis. Lin. 



'/ 



/' 



Winter 



Savory, - 



4. Satureja {Virginiana) capitulis terminalibus, foliis 



flowers terminating the ftalks^ and fpear-fh, 



of 



Clinopodium pulegii angufto rigidoque folio, Virgi- 

 nianum, flofculis in cymis difpofuis. Pluk. Aim. i lo, 

 tab. 54. fig. 2. Virginian Field Bafll with a ftiff^ nar- 

 rczv^ Pennyroyal leaf^ and ftowers difpcfed on the tops of 

 tbeftalks, 



5. Satureja {Origanoides) foliis ovatis ferratis, corym- 

 bis terminalibus dichotomis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 568. Sa- 

 vory with oval flawed leaves^ and fliowers grczving in a 

 divided corymbus^ terminating the /talks. Calamintha 

 erefta, Virginiana, mucronato folio glabro. Mor. 

 Hift. 3. p. 413. Upright Virgi7uan Field Bafil^ with a 



- fmooth acute-pointed leaf, _. ..... 



6, Satureja {Juliana) verticillis faftigiatis concatenatis 

 . foliis lineari-lanceolatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. §6y. Savory 



with bunched whorls of flowers^ a?2d linear fpear-fhaped 

 Jeaves, Thymbra fanfti Juliani five fatureja verior. 



Julia, 



vory. 



7. Satureja {Gr^'ca) pedunculis corymbofis lateralibus 

 gemlnis, bradteis calyce brevloribus. Lin. Sp. Plant, 

 568. Savory with corymbufes of flowers upon foot-flalks^ 

 growing by pairs from the wings of the leaves^ and bra5ie^ 

 fljorter than the empalements, Clinopodium Creticum. 

 Alp. Exot. 265. Cretan Field BafiL 



8, Satureja [Capitata) floribus fpicatis, foliis carinatis 

 pundtatis ciliatis. Lin. Mat. Med. 283. Savory with 

 fpiked flowers., and keel-fhaped hairy leaves having fpots. 

 Thymum legitimum. Cluf. Hift. i. p. 375. The legi- 



' timate Thyme, " ' . 



. The firft fort is generally known in the gardens by 

 the title of Summer Savory. This is an annual plant, 

 which grows naturally in the fouth of France and in 

 Italy, but it is cultivated in the Englifli gardens for 

 the kitchen, and alfo for medicinal ufe. It rifes with 

 flender ereft ftalks about a foot high, fending out 

 branches at each joint by pairs, which are garniflied 

 with leaves placed oppoflte, which are about an Inch 

 long, and one eighth of an inch broad in the m.iddle ; 



have an aromatic 

 The flowers grow from the wings 

 of the leaves toward the upper part of the branches, 

 each foot-ftalk fuftaining two flowers, whiqh are of 

 the lip kind, having a fliort cylindrical tube 5 the 

 upper lip is ercd and indented at the point 5 the lower 



II Z J is 



they are ftiff, a little hairy, and 

 odour if rubbed. 



