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S A U 



acuminato. Ad. Upfal. 1740. p. ig. Satyrium with 

 handed bidbs^ linear leaves^ the flowers ovaU bending down- 

 ward^ and the neElarium undivided. Orchis palmata an- 

 guftifolia Alpina, nigro flore. C. B. P. 86. Narrow- 

 leaved handed Orchis of the Alps^ with a black flower. 

 Satyrium {Hzrfmum) bulbis indivifis, foliis lanceo- 

 latis, neftarii labio trifido, intermedia lineari, obliqua 

 pra^morfa. Act. Upial. 1 740. tab. 1 8. Satyrium with 

 an undivided kdb^ fpear-fljaped leaves^ and the lip of the 

 ne^arium trlfid^ the iniddlefegment being linear and cb- 

 liqtiely bitten. Orchis barbata fcetida. J. B. P. 2. 

 p. 756. 'The Lizard-flower,, or Great Goat-ftones. 

 Satyrium {Viride) bulbis palmatis, foIiis oblongis 

 obtufis, neftarii labio lineari trifido, intermedia ob- 

 fokta. Aft. Upfal. 1740. p. 18. Satyrium with banded 

 bulbsy oblong blunt leaves,, and the lip of the ne^arium 

 divided into three linear parts^ the middle one being obfo- 

 lete. Orchis palmata minor, flore liKeo viridi. Raii 



/^ 



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The flowers grow in a 



England 



inches long, 

 off. 



4. Satyrium {Jlbidu?n) bulbis fafciculatis, foliis lan- 

 ceolatis, ncftarii labio trifido, acuto, intermedia ma- 

 jorc. Aft. Upfal. 1740. Satyrium with ckflered bulbs^ 

 fpear-fhaped leaves^ and the lip of the ne^arium divided 

 into three acute parts,, the middle one being the largeft. 

 Orchis palmata Alpina, fpica denfa albo-viridi. Hal- 

 ler. Helv. 68. Alpwe handed Orchis^ with a thick clofe 

 fpike of whitiflo green flowers. 



The firfl: fort grov/s naturally upon the Alps; this 

 has a broad, handed, bulbous root; the ftalk riles about 

 nine inches high, and is garnilhed with very narrow 

 leaves ; thofe on the lower part are about four inches 

 long, but on the upper part they are fcarceone inch ; 

 their bafe embraces the ftalk, 



thick fbort fpike at the top, they are of a dark pur- 

 ple colour ; the" lip of the neftarium has three lobes, 



, the middle one being the largeft. This flowers the 

 beginning of June. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in feveral parts of 



this has a folid bulbous root, which is not 

 divided ; the ftalk is ftrong, and rifes fifteen inches 

 high ; the lower part is garnifhed with leaves near 

 five inches long and half an inch broad, which em- 

 brace the ftalk with their bafe. The fpike of flowers 

 which occupy the upper part of the ftalk, is fix inches 

 in length ; the flowers are of a dirty white, with fome 

 linear ftripes and fpots of a brown colour ; the beard 

 or middle fegment of the lip of the neftariunfi is two 



and appears as if it was obliquely bitten 

 It flowers the latter end of June. .^ 



The third fort grows naturally on dry paftures, and 

 upon chalk hills in feveral parts of England, This 

 has a handed bulbous root ; the ftalk rifes near a foot 

 high; the lower partis garniflied with leaves three 

 inches long and half an inch broad, whofe bafes em- 

 brace the ftalk. The flowers grow in a long flender 

 fpike on the top of the ftalk ; the fiedarium of this 

 varies in colour, it is fometimes of a dufky purple, 

 and at others of a yellowifli green colour. It flowers 

 the latter end of May, or the beginning of June. 

 The fourth fort grows near Verona, and upon the 

 Alps. Tliis hadi feveral fmall bulbs which are joined 

 together ; the ftalk rifes about eight inches high, the 

 lower part is garniflied with fpear-Ihaped leaves about 

 three inches long, which embrace the ftalk with their 

 bafe. The flowers are collefted in a ftiort thick Ipike 

 on the top of the ftalk, which are of ah herbaceous 

 white colour. This flowers in June. 

 All thefe plants are difficult to propagate, fo the beft 

 way to obtain them is to take up their roots at a pro- 

 per feafon, and tranfplant them into the gardens, put- 

 ting the feveral forts into different foils, as near to 



' that in which they naturally grow as poflible, and to 

 leave the ground undifturbed ; for if their roots are 

 injured, the plants feldom thrive after. The ma- 

 nagement of this plant being the fame as for the Or- 

 chis, I ftiall not repeat it here. 



S A VINE. Sec Juniperus. 



SAVORY. SeeSATUREjA. 



SAURURUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 414. LizardVtall. 



-- 



SAX 



The Characters are, 

 The flozvers are difpofed into a katkin or tail ; they have 

 an oblong permanent empalement of one leafl coloured on 

 the fide. They have no petal, but have fix long hair-like 

 ftarrJna, placed three on each fide oppcfite^ terminated by 

 oblong ere^fummits, and an oval ger men with three lobes 

 having no fly le, but is crowned by three blunt per ^nanent 

 ftigmas. The germen afterward becomes an oval berry 

 with one cell^ inchfing one oval feed. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the third feftion of 

 Linnasus's fevcnth clafs, which includes thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have feven ftamina, and three ftyles or 

 ftigmas. 



We have but one Species of this genus at prefent 

 in the Englifli gardens, viz. 

 Saururus {Cernuus) fohis cordatis petiolatis, amcn- 

 tis folitariis recurvis. Hort. Upfal. 91. Lizard' s- 



haped leaves having foot-ftalks^ andfmde 



fpikes 



^wers. 



Serpentaria repens, flori- 



bus ftamineis fpicatis, bryonia^ nigral folio ampliore 

 pingui, Virginienfis. Pluk. Aim. 343. Creeping Snake- 

 wort of Virginia,, wit% fpiked ftamineous flowers, and a 

 large, fat, black, Briony leaf 



This plant grows naturally in moft parts of North Ame- 

 rica. The root is fibrous and perennial ^ the ftalks ge- 

 nerally trail upon the ground, fo feldom rife more than 

 two feet high, having fome longitudinal furrows ; the 

 leaves are heart-fliapcd and fmooth ; they are about 

 three inches long, and two broad at their bafe, end- 

 ing in obtufe points, and have feveral longitudinal 

 veins which join at the foot-ftalk, but diverge from 

 the midrib toward the borders in the middle, and joiri 

 again at the point ; thefe ftand upon foot-ftalks about 

 an inch long, which are placed alternately on the 

 ftalk. The fpike of flowers comes out from the 

 wings of the leaves toward the top of the ftalk, which 

 is taper, and about two inches long ; thefe appear 

 in July, but make but little appearance, and are not 



fucceeded by feeds in England. The ftalk decays in 

 autumn. 



This is preferved in botanic gardens for the fake of 

 variety ; but, as it has no beauty, it is very rarely 

 admitted into other gardens ; it is propagated by 

 parting of the root, which may be performed either 

 in autumn, foon after the ftalks decay, or in the 

 fpring, before the roots begin to fliooc ; it loves a 

 moift foil and a fliady fituation. 



The other plants, which in the former editions of 

 this work were placed in this genus, ' are now re- 

 moved to the genus of Piper. 



SAXIFRAGA. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 252. tab. 129. 

 Lin. Gen. Plant. 464. [fo called, q. faxa ftones, and 

 frangens, Lat, breaking, becaufe, as Bauhinus fays, 

 the juice of it being drank, breaks the ftone in the' 

 reins and bladder, but the truth of it is doubted. 

 Others derive it from its growing on ftony moun- 

 tains, as growing out of the clefts of the ftones.] 

 Saxifrage. 



The Characters are. 



The flower bath a floor t, permanent, acute empalement of 



1 1 



d-floa 

 rouni 

 ^dby 



I. 



2. 



leaf, cut into five fegmer 

 which are longer than the empalemem 

 ftamina, terminated by roundifh fumn\ 

 acute-pointed germen fitting upon two 

 tufe ftigmas. The germen afterward 

 fule with two horns opening between their tops^ and filled 

 with fmall feeds. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion of 

 Linnasus's tenth clafs, which contains thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have ten ftamina and two ftyles. 



The Species are, 

 Saxifraga (Granulata) foliis caulinis reniformibus 

 lobatis, caule ramofo radice granulata. Hort. Cliff. 

 167. Saxifrage with leaves upon the ftalks which are kid- 

 7iey-fhaped, and have lobes, a branching ftalk, and roots 

 like grains of Corn. Saxifraga rotundifolia, alba. C, 

 B. P. 339. Round-leaved white Saxifrage. 

 Saxifraga {Cotyledon) foliis radicatis aggregatis lin- 



Lin. 



U 



gulatis cartilagineo-ferratis, caule paniculato. 



Saxifrage with tongue-fhaped leaves at the toot,, 



which 



Sp. 



51^ 



