1 



I 



s c 



cut th::r. thcfe v.hich compofe the d\{\c or middle, 



tncir outer segments being much longer than the two 



iKie ones, and thoie are longer than the inner fea- 



ment ; they have four weak flamina, which fo"n 



fr.rink airer the flowers open. In the center is fituaied 



a ftyle which is longer than the floret, terminated 



by a roundifh ftigma. The flowers are of a pale 



purple colour, and have a ftrong faint odour ; they 



appear in J.^ne, and the flalks decay to the root every 



autumn. Tins ibrt is intended by the Colleo-e of 



Piiyhcians for medicinal ufe, under the title ofSca- 

 biofa. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in moifl woods and 



paftures in moft parts of England, and is direfted by 



the College of Phyficians to be ufed, under the title 



of Morfus Diaboli, or Devil's-bit ; this hath a fiiort 



tap-root,^which appears as if the end of it were bitten 



or cut off, from whence it had the title of Succifa, 



a;.d Morfus Diaboli. The leaves are oval, fpear- 



fl;apcd, and fmooth ; they are four inches lono-, and 



two broad in the middle, drawing to a point tt each 



end ; the ftalks are fingle, about" two feet high, gar- 



n-.flicd with two leaves at each joint, fhaped like thofe 



below, but are fmaller ; they generally fend out two 



ftort fcot-flalks from their upper joint ftanding op- 



pofitc, which are each terminated by one fmall'^blue 



flower, as is alfo the principal flalk with one larger. 



Thefe are conftrufted in the fame way as the former, 



and appear in Auguflr. As thefe plants are to be 



found plentifully in the fields and woods, fo they are 



• feldom admitted into gardens. . .'',",' 

 The third fort grows naturally in Tranfylvania ; this 

 IS an annual plant, which is prefeFved'in botanic gar- 

 dens for variety ; but as the flowers have little beauty, 

 fo It is rarely allowed a place in other gardens; The 

 ftalks rife four or five feet high, dividing into feveral 



• branches; the leaves are hairy, and cut almofl: to the 

 ,-. midrib. The flowers are fmall, of a pale purplifli 



colour, and appear in July ; the feeds ripen in au- 

 tumn, when, if they are permitted to fcatter, the 

 plants will come up without care ; if thefe are thinned 

 'and kept clean from weeds, it is all the culture they 

 require. 



' The fourth fort grows naturally in Spain and Portu- 

 gal ; it is an annual plant ; the ftalk is ftifi^, and rifes 

 upward of three feet high, dividing toward the top in- 

 to feveral branches, which are^ag'ain divided into na- 

 ked foot- (talks, each fufl:aini'ng' one fmall, pale, p"ur- 

 plifli flower, cdnlpofcd of'many florets j the leaves 

 'are ftiff, and cut into inany winged'poin'ts." It flowers' 

 . and feeds about the fame time as the former.'" 7"'*" " 

 - 1 he htth iort grows naturally upon the Alps and Ap- 

 penincs ; this hath a perennial joot, Worn 'which" coViie 

 out many entire, fmooth, fpear-ihaped leaver^ the 



italic is fingle, fending out two fhort' naked foot- 

 : ftalks from jhe upp^;; joift'tT'the iSver upon* the 

 ■' ftalks are/cut pretty deeply on their "pdgeC:. The 



flowers are nearly of the lame fize and form with 

 ; thofe of the firft fort-, it may'te propagatedf'by feeds, 



and will thrive in a (hady moift. border, requiring no 

 :other care but to keep the ground clean, and allow 



them room tofpread. ' ' ' 



*, 



The fixth fort is a biennial plant^' which' grows natu- 

 rally in fome parts of Italy, and. alfo in Tartaryi: . It 

 Y]fcs with a ftrong branching ffall' four or five feet 

 ' high, clofely armed with ftifi^prickly hairsT'ti'ie lower 

 ^leaves are fpear-ihaped, about /even inches' long,' and 

 -:f\Hr four broad in the middle, "cut deeplv on the fides 

 }n winged points ; thofe upon tlie ftalks are more^en- 

 ^ .^!''^?.Jome of them are fliarply fawed ori"t¥eff'ecfges, 

 and thofe at the top are linear and entire. The Bowers 

 grow from the fides and at' the top of the ftalks-, 

 they are white^^ahd each flower fits in a Brifily 'eni- 

 palemcnr;^ -This flowers in July, and the feeds ripen 



in autumn jlt "rifes from fcattcrcd feeds,, and requires 



■no care. - _'""^[T\ ' T: " 



The feventh fbrt grtf^rnaturally in Iftria ; this luth 



, a perennial root;' the lower leaves are almoft entire, 



and arc lawed On their edges ; the (talk is ftiff. and 



riles two feet high, dividing into two uoward ' Wich 



s c 



fpread afundcr, and in tlie divifion arifcs a naked 

 foot-ftalk which (as alfo the fide branches, are termi- 

 nated by fingle flowers, compofed of many white flo- 

 rets, which areinclofedin afcaly 



fcales are obtufe 

 pointed and ftiff. 



, cmpalement, whofe 

 t!ie leaves on the ilalks are wino-- 



s 



* 



* 



r 



y 



This flowers in July, bur feldom 

 produces good feeas here ; it is propagated by part- 

 ing of the roots in autumn, a.nd dcliglus in alight 

 loamy foil. " 



The eighth fort grows naturally' upon the mountain, 

 in Italy ; this hath a perennial root, from which arife 

 three or four ilaiks, whofe lower parts are garnifiicd 

 ^yith linear leaves about four inches long, and the 

 eighth of an inch broad, of a filvery colour, endincr 

 in acute points : the upper part of the ftalk is oaked 

 for fix or fevcn inches in length, fuftaining at the top 

 one pale blue flower, made up of feveral four-pointed 

 florets. This plant flowers in July, but does not 

 produce feeds in England ; it is propagated by flips, 

 which fliould be planted on a fhady border the begin- 

 ning of April ; when thefe have put out good roots, 

 they may be taken up with balls of earth, and tranf- 

 planted where they are to remain. This plant loves a 

 ioft loamy foil, and a flaady fituation. 

 The ninth fort grows naturally on the Alps; this has 

 a perennial root, from which arife feveral pretty ftrono- 

 hairy ftalks near three feet high, which are garniflied 

 with fpear-fhapcd leaves about four inches long and 

 two broad; thefe are placed oppoflte, and embrace the 

 ftalks half round with their bafe ; they are of a dark 

 green on their upper fide, but pale on their under and 

 hairy, having a few indentures on their edges, and 

 . ending in acute points. The flowers are produced at 

 the top of the ftalks, in the fame manner as thofe of 

 the firft fort, and are like them i,.thefe appear in June, 

 , . and the feeds ripen in autumn.'v'This is hardy, and 

 loves a light loamy foil and a fhady fituation'; it is pro-' 

 pagated by feeds. , a. ■ - , : , ;. ;.-. • .- ' . ., r 

 The tenth fort growsnaturally on the Alps ; this hath 

 a perennial root, compofed of many ftrong fibres 

 which root deep in the ground, from which arife fe- 

 veral ftrong channelled ftalks upward of four feet 

 high, garniflied with winged leaves compofed of four 

 or five pair of lobes, which are unequal in fize and 

 ,:irregularly placed ; they are fawed on their edaes, 

 and end in acute points. The flowers are produ'ccd 

 °?."#f foot-ftalks at the end of the branches, the 

 . receptacles are^ globular; the flowers are of a whitiOi 

 i yellow/ and appear the latter end'of June. > ,The 

 _feeds ripen ,nautg^ij,,,;T:h is may be propagated, 

 ,,eitherby feeds, or parting of .the rpots ; it loves a 

 loamy foil. ;.,„_,_ ;' ' "... .,.:,, '.,.' 



■v^^^ll^^J iort grows naturally in Sicily; this rifbs 

 :,jfith a flirubby ftalk three feet high, and divides into 



...fei'^.^'gneous knotty branches, which are garnifli- 

 ^.5l J^i^h "arrow filvery leaves, four inches long and a 

 . quarter of an inch broad, which are entire. The 

 .flowers ftand upon very long naked foot-ftalks at the 

 ...^"^ °l,?he branches; they are made up of many five- 

 ' P,^L"?^^.'^"bulousfiorets» of a fine blue colour. Thefe 

 ; appear in July, but are not fucceeded by feeds .here. 



:.I.t.!s propagated by flips or cuttings, which readily 

 {'J^^^J°9^ i^" they are planted in any of the fummer 

 • '"?"J'' '^^h^y^'^e Jhaded. frpmAeJun, and duly 

 .;.refr,efhed with water. When thefe. have made good 

 root, fome.pf them may be planted'on'a dry' border 



* ^ A-*^- r*^ 



near to a fouth wall, where they wjll Jjve in common 



,.: winters ; but as they are frequently deftroyed by fevere 



„frpft, fo fome of the plants fliouId be planted in pots, 



i.^^^A ij^ winter placed under a common frame, where 



they may be proteded from froft, but in mild wea- 

 ,.ther enjoy the free air.. i.-: ; ;. . ,., 



,The twelfth fort grows naturally in Crete; this hath 



: a Ihrubby fl^k, whiqh rifes abgur the fame height as 



the former, and divides into many branches; the 



J^^^5? ^^^ ftiorter, much broader, and not fo white as 

 thofe of the former fort ; the flowers are not fo large, 

 and are of a pale purple colour,. This fort flowers 

 from the end of June till autumn, but it feldom ripe;ns 



:.%As.>.E"g^^"^- . It is propagated by flips or cuttings 



