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in the common empalement, titrns t6 oblCiig cor- 

 nered feeds, having a roundilh ball of feathery down 

 at the top. 



The fecond fort is {horter than either of the former \ 

 the leaves are broader, the ftalk is almoft naked, and 

 has one yellow flower at the top. 

 The third fort has narrow, keeled, fword-Ihaped 

 leaves •, the ftalks are flender, they rife about two 

 feet high, branch toward the top, and fuftain pale 

 yellow flowers, which are fmaller than thofe of the 

 former forts. - -. • ' 



Tlie fourth fort has narrow awl-fhaped leaves, which 

 are fhorter than thofe of the former ; the ftalk is ta- 

 per, and branches at the top ; the flowers are of a 

 pale purple colour. 



The fifth fort grows a foot and a half high ; the 

 leaves are narrow and awl-fhaped -, the foot-ftalk im- 

 mediately under the flower is thicker than below, 

 and the lower part of the ftalk is hairy ; the ffcwer 



s. fc - 



is yellow. 



The fixth fort rifes with a fmooth branching ftalk 



two feet high, and is garnifhed with narrow leaves 



having many winged points, refembling thofe of 



Buck's-horn Plantain, but larger. The flowers are 



yellow, and ftand'upon long naked foot-ftalks at the 



end of the branches. 



The fevcnth fort is very like the fixth, excepting 



flpat of the ftalks fpreading on the ground, which is 



not accidental ^ the indentures on the leaves are more 



C 



neck, as is vulgarly thought.] Figwort ; in FrencR^ 



Scroftdaire, 



The Characters are, 

 ThefiiMtr has a permanent empaiement of one teaf^ cut 

 into Jive . parts at the top. It hath one unequal petals 

 with a large glolular tube, "the brim is cut into fivi 

 frnall parts \ the two upper are large and ereSf^ the two 

 fide ones fpread open^ and the under is reflexed. It has 

 four Jlender defiexed fiamina^ two of which are the length 

 of the petals and two are fljorter^ terminated by twin 

 fufftmits ; and an oval germen fupporting a fingle ftyle 

 the length of the ftamina^ crowned by a fingle Jligmai 

 ^he germen afterward turns to a roundifh-pointed capfuk 

 with two cells y %vhich open at the top^ and are filled with 

 fmall feeds, .. . ^ . • 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fcftion 

 ofLinnasus's fourteenth clafs, which contains thofe 

 plants whofe flowers have two long and two ftiorter 

 ftamina, and their feeds are included in a capfule. 

 The Species are, . ' 



1. ScROPHULARiA (iV(?i^y^) foliis cordatis bafi tranfvcr- 

 fis, caule acutangulo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 863. Figwort 

 with heart'fhaped leaves^ 'ivhofe bafe are tranfverfe^ and 

 a ftalk having acute angles. Scrophularia nodofa fcEti- 

 da. C. B. P. Figwort with a knobby root and aftinking 



fmelL' --■'■-' 



2. Scrophularia {Aquatica) foliis cordatis petlolatis 

 decurrentibus obtufis, caule membranis angulato, ra- 

 cemis terminalibus. Hort. Upfal. 177. Figwort with 



> \ • ~-i 



1^-, Xt-..X 



obtufe, and the tops of the cups are woolly. I have J . heart-fhaped leaves having running foot-ftalks^ and an an- 

 cultivated both forts above thirty years, and have ne- j ; gular membranaceous ftalky terminated by a racemus of 



flowers, Scrophularia aquatica major. C. B. P. 236. 



Greater Wafer Figwort , byfome called Water Be fony, 



3. Scrophularia {Sulphurea) foliis cordato-oblongis^ 

 bafi appendiculatis, racemis terminalibus. Loefl. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 620. Figwort wki oblong heart -Jhaped leai^es 

 having appendages at their bafe, and ftalks terminated bj 

 a racemus of flowers, Scrophularia aquatica, flortf 

 fulphureo. Michel-. WateY Figwoff kvith a brintftohe-cO' 

 loured flower. 



4. Scrophularia {Cordato) foliis cordato-fagittatis, acute 

 ferratis, racemis terminalibus, Scrophularia with hearts 

 fhaped arrow-pointed leaves which are acutely flawed^ 

 arid ftalks terminated by a racemus of flowers. Scrophu- 

 laria betonics folio. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 166. Figwort 

 with a Betony leaf. 



5. Scrophularia {Scorodonia) foliis cordatis duplicate 



ferrads racemo cdmpofitis. Figwort with heart -fhapei 



^ ■- doubly-fawed leaves, and a compound racemus of flowers! 

 •A Scrophularia meliflge folio. Tourn. Inft. R. H, i66m 

 - Figwort with a Bairn leaf 



6. Scrophularia ^/^//Vij) foliis cordatis duplicato-fer- 

 /ratis, racemo compofito. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 296. Fig-- 

 " wort with heart'fhapied doubly-fawed leaves, and compound 



lunches of flowers; Scrophularia nemorenfis, folio ur- 

 ticae rugofo, flore atro-puhicante. Hort Cath, Wood 

 Figwort with a rough Nettle leaf, and a dark red flower. ' 



7. Scrophularia {^rifoliata) foliis glabris, iriferibri- 



ver found either of them alter. 

 The firft fort is only cultivated for ufe,- the others are 

 preferved in botanic gardens for variety, but are fel- 

 dom admitted into other gardens. •■.-''■'. ,-.- .:\.-: . :::: 

 Thefe plants may be propagated by fowing their 

 feeds in the beginning or April, upon a fpot of light 

 frelh foil. The beft method of fowing them is, to 

 draw ftiallow furrows by a line about a foot afunder, 

 into which you fliould fcatter the feeds, thinly cover- 

 ing them over about half an inch thick with the fame 

 light earth; and when the plants are come up, they 

 ftiould be thinned where they are too clofe in the rows, 

 leaving them at leaft fix inches afunder-, and at the 

 fame time, you fhould hoe down all the weeds to de- 

 ftroy them ; and this muft be repeated as often as is 

 jieceflTary, for if the weeds are permitted to grow 

 among the plants, they will draw them up weak. 

 There are many people who fow their feeds promif- 

 cuoufly in a bed, and afterward tranfplant them out 

 the diftance they would have them grow ; but this is 

 not fo well as the former method, becaufe their roots 

 commonly ftioot downright, which, in being tranf- 

 planted, are often Broken, fo that they never will 

 make fuch fair roots as thofe which remain in the 

 fame place where they are fown ; for when the ex- 

 treme part of the root is broken, it never extends it- 



-1 





--. t"**-*-*- 



r. 



elf in length afterwards, but only ftaoots into many 

 forked fmall roots, which arc not near fo valuable as 

 thofe which are large and ftrait. Thefe roots may be 

 taken up when the leaves begin to decay, at which 

 time they have done growing, though they may re- 

 main in the ground unril fpring, and may be taken 

 up as they are ufed \ but thofe which remain in the 

 ground till March, will flioot up their flower-ftems, 

 after which they are not fo good, being fticky and 

 ftrong. 



\ 



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If you intend to fave feeds of thefe plants, you fliould 

 let a parcel of the beft remain in the places where 

 they grew j and when their ftems are grown to their 

 height, they fliould be fupported with ftakes, to pre- 

 vent their falling to the ground, or breaking.,-^ In 

 June they will flower, and about the beginning of 

 Auguft their feeds will ripen, when they fliould be 

 gathered, and preferved dry till the fpring following 

 for ufe. . -^ - ■ . 



SCROPHULARIA. Tourn. Inft. R. H; 166. 

 tab. 74. Lin. Gen. Plant, 674. [fo called, on ac- 

 count of its refembling Scrophuli, by its inequality; 

 not becaufe it is good to cure the fcrophula in the 



bus ternato-pinnatis obtufis, fuperioribus fimplicibus, 

 pedunculis fubtrifloris axillaribus. Lin. Sp! 865. Fig- 

 wort with fmooth leaves^ the lower being winged and 

 placed by threes, but the upper are fingle, and have foot- 

 flalks with three flowers, Scrophularia Hifpanica, fam- 

 buci folio glabro. Tourn. Inft. 166. Spanifh Figwiort 

 with afmooth Elder leaf. - ; 'i. ^- ■*■--- ' ' - 



8. Scrophularia (Sambucifolia) foliis iriterrupte pinna- 

 ■ tiscordatis inaequalibus, raccWofo tfernSifla^, pedun- 

 culis axillaribus geminis dichotomis. Lin. Sp. 865* 



Figwort with unequal heart-fhaped teaves having inter- 

 rupted wings,' and flowers' produced' on forked foot- 

 ftalks by pairs, Scrophularia maxima Lufitanica, fa'm- 

 buci folio languinoK). Tourn. Inft. 167. Createft For- 

 tugal Figwoff with a woolly Elder leaf ' ■ ' ' 



9. Scrophularia {Canina) foliis inferioribus pinnatis, 

 fummisintcgris duplicato-ferratis, racemis axillaribus. 

 Figwort with the lower leaves winged, thofe at the top 

 entire, doubly f^iwed, and hunches of flowers at the wingS 

 of the ftalk, Scrophularia ruta canina difta vulgaris*. 



C. B. P. 236. Common Figwort, called Dofs-rue. 



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