r 



S E R 



■ 



The Characters are, ■ ; ' .' 



It has a Jingle ftalk \ the Jhccilh of. the fovoer is at a 

 dijti7iice. 'The germen fujlains the flozver 'ivhich has no 

 empalewenty but has five oblong oval petals ivhich are 

 fprecding^ but clofc at the top, The neElariiim is the 

 length of the petals holloivcd at the bafe^ ovaU and gib- 

 bous beiorjj^ cut into three points^ the middle being heart- 

 Jbapcd and cbttife^ the others are acute. The flower has 

 tizo fi:>ort ft amina fitting upon the point al^ terminated by 

 ere5f fummits placed under the upper lip of the nebla- 

 rium^ and an oblong contorted germen Jituated under the 

 flower^ the flyle growing to the upper lip of the neBa- 



i 



\ 



r 



riuni^ crowned by an obfolete ftigma. 



ii 



wa 



*r 



i '> 



rd becomes' an oval^ -obtufe^ three-cornered capfule^ 

 V. armed with three keels^ ct)erdnz with a valve under each^ 

 . ■■ having one cell filled with frnall feeds. . - 

 : This gcans of plants is ranged in the firfl feftion 

 '. of Linnreus's twentieth clals^j which 'includes thofe 

 --'plants whofe flowers have bift two ftamina which are 

 -" connected to the ftyle. ' -^^^'j '^r'^^-j •--- ; 





V- 



'The Species are,'- 



--: ^, ^■ 



1^ 



i* 



1- ¥ 



J. Serapias {Helleborine) bulbis fibrofis floribus erectis 

 • braftea brcvioribus. ' Serapids with fibrous bulbs, ajtd 

 ■ ere5f flowers withfport bra^ea.' ' Helleborine montana 

 latifolia. C. B. P. iS6. Broad-leaved. Mountain^ Baf- 

 tard Hellebore, - ' ■ '■ ' : • -:--i 



2. Serapias (Damafoniwn) bnlbis fibrofis, petalis nec- 

 . tario longioribus obtufis, foliis lanceolatis nervofis. 

 -": Serapias with fibrous bulbs^ obtufe petals which are longer 

 ; ' than the 7:eBarium, and veined fpear-fhdped leaves: Hel- 

 leborine flore aibo vel Damafonium montanumlatifo- 

 lium. C. B. P. 187. Baftard Hellebore ~with a white 



-.M 



• 



-3 



r - 



■>■» 



'1, 



^ ■ 



r 



■4 



■- 

 1 



.~1_ 



Sn 



flozver,^ or broad-leaved Mountain Dainafc 

 Serapias {Paluftre) bulbis fibrofis. Serapias with fi- 

 brous bulbs,, refl^exed petals',, the lip of the neElarium ' ob- 

 tufe, and fword-fhapcd veined leaves, Helleborine an- 

 guftifolia paluftris, five pratcnfis. C. B. P. 187. Nar- 

 row-leaved Marfld, or Meadow Baftard Hellebore, ^ ■ ■ 

 Serapias [LatifoUuni) bulbis fibrofis, nectari labio 

 quinquefido claufo, foliis lanceolatis nervofis amplexi- 

 caulibus. Serapias with fibrous bulbs, the lip of the nec- 

 tarium cut into five parts clofed, and fpear-fhapcd veined 



• leaves embracing theftalks, Helleborine latifolia, flore 

 ,i albo claufo. Raii Syn. 2. 2^2, Broad-leaved Baftard 

 ''^'- - Hellebore, with a white^clo fed flower," • ■ 

 '-^■ There are fbine other fpecies of this genus which 

 3...<Trow naturally in Great-Britain and Ireland, but as I 

 -^ ■ have not had the good fortune to meet with them, fo 

 -I ftiall not trouble the reader with an imperfet5t ac- 

 r> . count of them from books : there are alfo a greater 

 •"•number of them which grow naturally in the Weft- 

 ■ - Indies, of which I have famples in my colleftion -, 



but having never feen any growing plants of them, 1 



* fball not inferttheni "here. 









: A 



-n. 



• - 



I. 



I 





The firft fort grows naturally in woods and fhady 

 places in many parts of England •, the roots are com- 

 i^ pofed of many thick flelhy fibres, froni which arife a 



- - fingle ftalk a foot high, which is jointed ; it is gar- 



- ni(hed at each joint with one veined leaf, thofe on 

 '. . the lov;er part of the ftalk are oval, but thqfe above 

 ' are fpear-fhaped, ending in acute points -, they em- 



- brace the ftalks at their bafe. ^The ftalk is adorned 

 *. with flowers toward the top, which have fome rcfcm- 



. blance to thofe of Orchis ; they are compofed of two 



• . whitifli, and three herbaceous petals, which expand j 



and in the middle appears the nedarium, which has 



^ a rcfcmblance of a difboweled body of a fly, of apur- 



-: plifli colour. Under the flower is fituated a channelled 



■ ■■ oblong head, which after the flower Is paft, fwells 



and becomes a feed-vefl;el filled with very fmall feeds. 



- : This flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen 



in autumn., ' * 



The fecond fort grows naturally in Stoken Church 



■ woods in Oxfordfhire, and in feveral parts of Weft- 

 . morelandandLancalhire. This hath flefliy fibrous 



roots, not quite fo thick as thofe of the former ; the 

 ' ftalks rife more than a foot high, and are garniflied 



■ with fpear-(haped veined leSves, ending in acute 

 points ; they are three inches long and one broad, 

 of a lucid green, and fit clofe to the ftalk. The 



'f 



S E 



flowers ar*e difpoied alternately on the upper part of 

 the ftalk ; they are white, and ha\'e three outer pe- 

 tals which arejarge, and two fmaller within; in the 

 center is fituated the gaping neftariuin, which appears 

 to have two wings. This fort flowers about the fame 

 time as the former. 



The third fort grows naturally in marflw woods in 

 many pafts of England i this hath a fleflny fibrous 

 root, from which arife a fingle ftalk a foot and a 

 half high, garniflied at bottom with fv/ord-fliaped 

 veined leaves, four inches long and one broad, em- 

 bracino; the ftalk with their bafe, cndln;:^ in acute 

 - ■ points. The upper part of the ftalk Is garniflied with 

 tadcd purplifli- coloured flowers, difpofed in a loofe 

 fpike; they have five petals, inclofing a large nefta- 



- rium like the body of a fly, with a yellowifli head 

 ~ ftripcd v^ith purple and a white body; the lip which 



hano-s down, is white and frinwd on the edge. This 

 fort flowers in July. ; . . ' . 



' .-The fourth fort was dlfcovered firft in Hertfordfliire, 

 but fince it has been found growing in many other 

 places. The root of this is compofed of flefliy fibres ; 

 the ftalks rife more than a foot high, and arc gar- 

 niflied with fpear-fliaped veined leaves, which cm- 



^ brace the ftalks with their bafe. The ftalk is termi- 



- nated by a loofe fpike of v/hite flowers, compofed of 

 ,'. five petals, and a large five-pointed neftarium which 

 -v' is fliut; the germen is oblong and channelled; this 



afterward becomes a capfule of the fame form, filled 

 with fmall feeds. It flowers in July. 

 Thefe plants arc rarely kept in gardens, and being 

 difficult to propagate, there are few wlio have at- 



' tempted to keep them in gardens. ' They may be 



■ taken up from the places where tliey naturally grow,- 



when their leaves begin to decay, and planted in a 



fhady moift place, where they will thrive and flower. 



SERJANlA. See Paullinia. .'-• ,■ V 



SERPENTARIA. See Aristolochia. 



S E R P Y L L U M. See Thymus. 



SERRATULA. Dillen. Nov. Gen. 8. Lin. Gen, 



Plant. 831. Jacea. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 444. Saw- 

 wort. 



• The Cpiaracters are, 

 The flowers are compofed of inany hermaphrodite florets., 



- contained in one common cylindrical empakment, which is 

 bellied, and the fcales are fpear-floaped, ending in acute 



J.- points. The hermaphrodite florets are cqtial, funnel-fhaped^ 

 -'■''-(irid of one petal. The tube is inflexed, the^brim is bellied, 

 '^'and cut 'into flve points'*, they have eacF^flve fljort hair- 

 like ftamina terminated by cylindrical fumm.its, and an 

 'qvql-crozvned germen, fupporting a flender ftyle, crowned 

 hytwQ oblong reflex ed ftig7nas,_ ■ The germen"^ afterward 

 iurns^to a vertical, oval, fingle feed, crowned with dowui 

 which ripens in theempalement. ■ : . ^ ^ ■ . 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedlion of 

 Lihnseus's nineteenth clafs, which includes thofe plants 

 whofe flowers are compofed of fruitful florets, and 

 the ftamina are coniiefted to the ftyle. 



The Species are, *• • -■ , ; 



Serratula (Tin^oria) foliis pinnatlfidls, pinna tcr- 

 minali maxima. Hort. Cliflf. 391. Saw-wort with 

 wing-pointed leaves, whofe end lobe is the largeft, Serra- 

 tula. C. B. P. 235. Common Saw-wort, . . - 



SuRKATVLA \jltiffima) foliis lanceolato-oblongis fer- 

 ra'tis fubtus 'tomentofis. Saw-wort with oblong fpear- 



>;# 



rT» 





Wtf 



I. 



3 



fljaped leuyes, which are flawed, and downy ^ on their un- 

 der fide. ' Serratula Noveboracenfis, akiflima, foliis 

 DoritE 'mollibus fubincanis. ^ Par. Bat. Prod. Talleft 

 New-Tork Saw-wort, with foft Doria leaves, kpary on 



their under fide, . - - 



. Serratula {Glauca) foliis ovato-oblongis acumina- 

 tis ferratis, floribus corymbofis, calycibus fubrotun- 

 dis. Flor. Virg. 92. Saw-wort with oblong, oval, acute- 

 pointed, flawed leaves, and flowers in. a corymhus whofe 

 empalements are roundiflo, . Serratula Virginiana, foliis 



fliff leaves, \ ..../'' 



4. Serratula' (Squarofa) foliis linearibus, calycibus 



fquarrofis fcfillibus acuminatis. Hort. Clift'. 392. Saw- 



wcrt with linear leaves, and rough empalements which flt 



\ 



