N 



N 



1 



pin to decay, and the plants may afterward be treated 

 in the fame way as the perennial Sun-flower. 

 The fecond lore grows naturally in Carolina ; the root 

 of this is perennial ; the ilalk is thick, folid, and fct 

 with prickly hairs; it rifes four or five feet high, 

 and has many purple fpots ; the leaves on the lower 

 part of the ftalk are placed alternate, but upward they 

 are oppofice, and fit clofe to the ftalk ; tliey are 



ppo 



rough, about two inches long, 



their bafe 



a 



edges. 



having a few flight 



nd one broad near 

 indentures on their 

 The upper part of the tlalk divides into five 

 or fix fmall branches, w^hich arc terrninaied by yellow 

 radiated flowers like thofe or the j;eicnnial Sun- 

 flower, but fmaller, having generally nine female half 

 florets which compofe the border or rav •, the other 



'it ^ 



2. 



t'dion is large^ conprcfd, and almojl tvjice the kr.gtb cf 

 thez'dZ'Cs^ a^ui the feeds arc ghlular. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion 

 of j.mniiius's fifteenth clafs, wliich includes thofe 

 plants whole flowers have four long and two Sorter 

 ttamina, and the feeds arc included in long pods. 

 The Species are, 



SiXAPis {Alba) fihquis hifpidis, roftro cbllquo lon- 

 gilllmo Ilort. Cliff. 338. Ainjiard "Ji'ith prickly pods^ 

 and a very long ohlique beak, Sinapi apii folio. C. B. I\ 

 96. Mnjlard ^ivith a SmallageUaf^ conimcnly called 'uuhitt 

 Mnftard. 



' SlXAPIS 



(Nigra) filiquis 



slabris 



apice tetragonls. 



jowers in 



parts are like thofe of the former furt. 



Auguft, but the feeds do not ripen in England. This I3 



fort is propagated by parting the roots in the fame 



way as the former, but as this is not qu::e fo hardy, 



it fhould be planted in a flickered fuuatiun. 



The third fort grows naturally in many parts of North 



America i this is a perennial plant, whofe fl:alks rife 



Hcrt. CIifl\ 338. Mnfto.rd ivtth a fmooth four-cornered 

 pcd. Sinapi rapi folio. C. B. P. 99. Mufiard with a 

 Rape leaf^ or common Mufic.rd. 



Sinapi {Arvofis) filiquis multangulis torofo-turgidis 

 roftro lonorioribus. Piort. Cli;^. 338. Mufiard vjitb 



I 



near three feet, and are garnillied with oblong fawed 

 leaves placed by pairs upon fliort foot ftalks. The 

 flowers are loofely difpofed at the top of the flialks ; 

 they are yellow, and have their half florets which 

 compofe the ray, indented in three parts at the end. 

 This plant flow^ers in Auguft, but the feeds do not 

 ripen here. It may be propagated in the fame way 

 as the former, and the plants require the fame treat- 

 iTient. / . . 



The fourth fort was difcovered by the late Dr. Wil- 

 liam Houftoun, growing naturally at La Vera Cruz 

 in New Spain. This riles with a flirubby ftalk to the 

 height of eif}^ht or ten it^t^ fendina out ligneous 

 branches, which are garniflied with fpear-fhaped 

 leaves placed alternately on every part of the ftalk -, 

 they are four inches long, and one and a half broad in 

 the middle, ending in acute points ; their furface is 

 rough, and their edges flightly fawed. The flowers 



many-angled^ rcugh^ f^xelling pcds^ having a longer beak. 



Sinapi arvcnie pra^cox, femine nlgro, foliis integns. 

 Tourn. Inft. 226. Early Field Muflardy "J^-ith a black 

 feed and entire leaves. 



4. SiNAPis {Erucoides) filiquis la:vibus:tqua]ibus, foliis 

 lyratis oblongis glabris, caule fcabro. Amocn. Acad. 4. 



Mufiard voith fmooth equal pods^ lyre-fljapcd^ 



leaves, and. 



p. 322 



oblongs 



fmooth 



rough branches. Sinapi 



5 



a 



Hifpanicum, pumilum album, Tourn. Inft. 227. Low 

 vohite Spaniflo Mujiard. . , ' 



Si\MPis {Juncea) ramis fafciculatis, foliis fummis 

 lanceolatis intcgerrimis. Hort. Upfal. 191. Mufiard 



'juith bundled branches^ and the upper leaves fpear-jjsaped 

 and entire. Sinapi Indicum maximum, laftucse folio. 

 Par. Bat. 230. Greatefi Indian Mujiard with a Lettuce 



l€ClTm 



6. SiNAPis {Hifpanica) foliis duplicato-pinnatis, laclniis 

 linearibus. Hort. Clifi\ 33 S. Mujiard with doubly- 

 winged leaves having linear fegments, Sinapi Hifpani- 



:. cumnafturtii folio. Tourn. Inft. 227. Spanifb Mufiard 



with a Crefs leaf. 



t- 



i < 



* t 



' I 



. . Thefirft- fort is the common" white Muftard, which 

 are produced at the end of the branches, fome fingly I is generally cultivated as a fallad herb for winter and 



on flender foot-ftalks, others are by two or three upon fpring ufe. :, This rifes with a branched hairy ftalk 



each foot-ftalk ; they are unequal in height, and have two feet high, Thp, leaves are deeply jagged on their 

 fhort fcaly empalements. The florets are fhort which I ■.. edges and are ^:pygh., ' The flowers are difpofed in 



compofe the ray, and thofe of the difk are more pro- 

 minent tTian thofe of the other forts. '"They are of a 

 deep yellow colour, fcut arenot fucceeded by feeds in I •-, placed in form of a crofs, ■which are fucceeded by 



•X iopfe Ipikes at the end of the branches, ftanding upon 

 horizontal foot-ftalks j they have four yellow petals 



England. 



This fort is 'with difliculty propagated here, for un- 



lefs the feeds are procured from the country where the 



■ plants grow naturally, they cannot be obtained that 



hairy pods that end with long, compreflTed, oblique 

 beaks -, the pods generally contain four white feeds. 

 It flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in Auguft. 

 The fecond fort is the common Muftard, which is 



i 



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V.r 



H' '* 



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i 



J 



way, and the cuttings are not apt to take root. The j ,r: frequently found growing naturally in many parts of 



• " — ' England, but is alfo cultivated in fields for, the feed, 



of which the fauce called Muftard is made. Thjsxifes 



:,^.,with a branching ftalk four Ojr. five feet high ; the 



(■tlpvver leaves ^r.e; Urge, rough, and v^ry like thofe of 



/^iTurnep, jcbe^uppe are fmaller and lefs jagged. 



'r/;The flowers ^ are fmall, yellow, and grow in fpiked 



x.clufters'at the end of the branches-, they have four 



etals placed in form of a crofs, thefe are fucceeded 



y fmooth pods ending with four corners. '-It flowers 



^■/: and feeds at t6e fame time with the forrner. j p'j 



:r;,The third fort grows naturally on arable landio Pia- 



:^.:i^^Pts of England. .The feed of th;s is.gpmmody 



dr fold under the title'of Durham Muftard-feed|of this 



i;:,there are two. Varieties, if not diftiaft./pecies ; one 



li-Jvith cut, and the other has entire k^ye^-. The ftalks 



only methpd of getting them to grow, is to flip off 

 i':the young flioots in July, and plant them in a pot 

 i>3-filled -with foft loam, and plunge the pot ^ntp a gentle 

 /r^hot-bed, covering the pot clpfely with a heU or hand- 

 r: glafs, and fhade theni from the fun. AYhen the cut- 

 ^; tings are rooted, tliey fK6ul4 be each planted in a fe- 



parate pot, filled with light loamy earth ; and during 

 , the warm months, tfiey may be placed in the open 

 . air in a warm fituation,' but in winter tLey ftaould be 

 f..'k^pt in a moderate ftove. ''^^h'-^-^o^v^if'*^" 





SINAPIS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 735. Sinapi/ Tourn. 



-r.Inft. R. Hr 227. tab,'fi2^ [criW«5 of (r/lnv 0ip9aX/xa?, 



^ ';^ becaufe it forces, tears from the eyes of thofe that ufe 

 ' j"!it incautioufly, makes the nofe red, and the eyes 



\ 



fwell] Muftard ; in French, Moutarde: 







The Characters are, ■.. 



-M( 



'-^r. 



*■-■--> ^\.> 





■1^ 



/ > I 



^'^■The empalement of the flower is cgmpofed of four narrow 

 leaves placed in form of a crofs, which, fpread open and 



r^ 



i 



Jdll offfA The flower has four roundifh petals in form of 

 , ic\ia €rofs\ and four oval neSariums, one on ;€achftde of the ' 

 •r\ fhort fiamina and the pointal, and one on each fide of the 



' ^'mnina and the empalement. It has fix azvl-fhaped 

 ^- €y^flji^nii?ia., two of which are oppofite and ds long as the 

 ' -^^^P^lentfut, the other four are longer ryJn the center is ^ 

 placed a taper germen, with a ftyle the length cfthegermen, ' 

 crowned by-a headed fligma. The germen afterward turns 



x;: 



io an oblcngped, -mbich is very rough at bolt Gnu having 

 iwo cells cpening ivith. fjao -calves, whofe intermediate par- ■ 



«' 



'# I 



1 r 



A H 



{ i 



i 



rife about tvfofeet high, thq kMes,»re rough, aftd in 

 onQ they are jagged like Turnep leaves, and mtlie 

 Others are oblOng and entire. The flowers are yellow, 

 the pods are turgid, angular, and have long beaks. 

 Thefe flower in April and May, ahd the feeds.rrpen 

 in I unc> "" ' ' ''■ " ' ' ; * f Tu ' >. '• ' ' 



The fourth fort erows naturally in Spain ; this feldom 

 rifes more than eight or nine inches high ; the leavw 

 are fmooth and much jagged, the ftalk branches to- 

 ward the top, and is terminated by a loofe IpiM oi 

 white flowers ; thefe are fucceeded by fmopth, taper, 

 blunt pods, filled with fmall brown feedsj/t flowers 

 in June, and the feeds ripen in Auguft. U^p I ' ^^^ 



' --"I 

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