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S I s 



The fifth fjrt grows naturally in China, from whence 

 tlie feeds are frequently brought to England. This 

 plant is ufed as a boiled fallad by the Chinefe, where 

 It may prove acceptable to thofe who have not better 

 herbs for that purpofe, but in England it is not re- 

 garded. The llalks of this rife three or four feet 

 high, and toward the bottoni are garniflied with 

 broad, fmooth, jagged leaves, but thofe on the 



: top 



are entire.. The flowers are yellow like thofe of the 

 firfl: fort, and the pods are fmooth and turgid.- It 

 flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in Augult. 

 The firll fort is chiefly cultivated in gardens, for 

 lad herb in the winter feafon. The feeds of this are 

 commonly fown very thick in drills, either upon a 

 v/arm border, or in very cold weather upon a mode- 

 rate hot-bed, with Creflxrs 



afal- 



agam 



I - 



nd other fmall fallad herbs, 

 which are commonly fit for uie in ten days or a fort- 

 night after the time of fowing ; for if they are large 

 and have rough leaves, they are too ftro'ng to put in- 

 to fallads. In order to fave the feeds of this plant, a 

 fpct of ground muft be fown with it in the fpring, 

 and when the plants have four leaves, the ground 

 Ihoukl be hoed in the fame manner as for Turneps, to 

 cut dov/n the v/eeds, and thin the plants where they 

 are too clofe ; this fliould be done in dry v/eather, for 

 then the weeds will foon die after they are cut. If this 

 is well performed, the ground will remain clean for a 

 month, by which time young weeds will fpring up 



therefore the ground fliould be again hoed 

 over, and the plants now left about eight or nine 

 inches afunder, which will be fufficient room for this 

 fort to grow. If this is well performed, and in dry 

 weather, the ground will remain clean' till the feeds 

 are ripe. As foon as the pods change brown, the 

 plants fliould be cut off and fpread upon cloths two 

 or three days to dry, and threfhed out for ufe. 

 The fecpnd lort is cultivated only for the feeds : thefe 

 mould be fown in the fame way as thofe of the firft, 

 and the plants treated in the fanle manner, with this 

 difference of allowing the plants twice as much room, 

 becaufe they grow much larger, fo thefe fhould be 

 hoed out to the diftance of eighteen inches ; and as the 

 feeds will not ripen fo foon as the other, fo the crround 



may be required to be hoed three times over, but that 

 may beeafily feen by the grov/th of the weeds. 

 - The feeds ojf thefe two firft fpecies are ordered for 



f -4 -* J 



The third fort is a pretty common weed on arable 

 lands in moft parts of England ; this comes up early 



. in the fpring amongft the Corn, fo flowers and/eeds 



J in May ; therefore v.'here it is not weeded out* the 

 feeds will fcatter long before the Corn is ripe, arid the 

 ground will be ftocked with the weeds. - 

 The other three forts are preferved in botanic gar- 

 dens for variety, but are never cultivated for ufe; 

 thefe may be treated in the fame way as^ the two firft 



.• Ipecies. 



SINAPISTRUM. SeeCLEOME. 



SIS ARUM. SeeSiUM. 







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£* 



SI SON. Lin. Gen. Plant. 311. Sii fpecies. Tourn. 

 Inft. R. H. 301. Baftard Stone Parfley, in French, 

 Berk, 

 ' 'The Characters are, 



Jl hath an umbellate d flo'ujer \ the general umbel is com- 



pofed of fix thin rays or fmall umbels^ which are unequal^ 



. ■' as are alfo the finaller^ which have ten, The involucri of 



. . l^oth are four-leaved and unequal ; the empalement of the 



'"'flower is fcarce difcernible. The outer petals of_ the ge~ 



■ 'tieral umbel are uniform ; the flowers have five equal pe- 



'. tals which are fpear-floaped and inflexed. They have five 



hair-like Jtamina the length of the petals^ terminated by 



Jingle fummits. The oval germen is fttuated under the 



flowery fupporting two rcflexed flyles crowned by ' obtiife 



; ftigmas. The germen afterward becomes an oval ftreaked 



. fruit dividing in two parts^ each containing one oval 



ftreaked feed^ convex on one fide and plain on the other, 



•This genus of plants is ranged in the fecopd fedion 



of Linn^us's fifth clafs, which includes thofe plants 



whofe flov/crs Iiave five ftamina and two ftyles. 



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S I s 



The Species are, 



I. SisoN {Amomum) foliis pinnatis, nmbellis ere5:i?. 

 Prod. Leyd. 105. Sifcn with voinged leaves and eretl 

 umbels, Sium aromaticum, fifon officinarum. Tourn. 

 Inft. R. H. 308. Bnflard Stone Parfley, or fpurious 

 Amomum. 



2. SisoN {Segetum) foliis pinnatis, umbellis cernuis. 



Prod. Leyd. 105. Sifon with winged leaves and nodding 

 ^ umbels. Sium arvenfe, five fegetum. Tourn. Inft. 308. 



Honewort or Corn Parfley. ■ 



3 



. SisoN [Canadenfe) foliis ternatis. Hort. < 



^fonwith trifoliate leaves, Myrrhis Canadenfis trilobata. 



Mor. Hift. 3. p. 



301. 



M. 



y 



C'7 



\th trilobate 



4. SisoN" {ferticillattan) foliolis verticillatis capillaribus. 

 Lin. Sp. Plant, i^-^, Sifon with hair-like fmall leaves in 

 zvhorls. Carui foliis tenuilTimis afphodeli radice. 

 Tourn. Inft. 306. Narrow-leaved Carraway with an 

 Afphodel root, . ..■■:.:.■. /.^ 



The .firft fort grov/s on. the fide of ditches and moift 

 fliady banks in many parts of England ; it is a bien- 

 nial plant, which penflies fucn after thefeeds are 

 ripe. The root is taper, running deep into the ground ; 

 the lower leaves are winged-, they are compofedof ' 

 four pair of lobes terminated by an odd one ; thefe 

 ' are an inch and a half long, and half an inch broad, 

 regularly indented on both fides, and the indentures 



:.. are fawed \ they are of a lucid green, and have an aro- 

 matic odour. The ftalks rife three feet high, and 

 branch out on every fide \ thefe are garniflu^d with 



' leaves of the fame form with thofe below, but fmall- 

 er J at the end of the branches the flowers are pro- 

 'duced in fmall umbels. The flowers are white; they 

 appear in June, and are fucceeded by ftriated feeds, 

 of a hot, pleafant, aromatic fmellarid tafte, which ripen 

 in-Auguft.:.. ' .. , . ■ -^ :J f>\*..r--.; :■ . ■ . - 



This plant is found growing fo plentifully wild, as 

 that it is rarely kept in gardens ; but whoever Is will- 

 ing to propagate it, fliould fow the feeds in autumn, 

 in a moift fliady fpot of ground, where the plants will 

 come up, and require no farther care tlian to keep 



. them clean from v/eeds ; and if the feeds are permit- 

 ted to fcatter, the plants will rife without care. The 

 feeds of this plant is put into Venice treacle, for a fuc- 

 cedanum to the true Amomum. 

 The fecohd grows naturally among Corn on moift 

 land, in feveral parts of England. This is alfo a bi- 

 ennial plant, which decays it)on after the feeds are 



:, rlj)e 1 it rifes with an upright ftalk aBoijt a Toot Jiio-h, 

 which rarely divides into branches;' the leaves ftand 



- upon pretty long foot-ftalks ; they are winged, but 

 the lobes are frnaller and finer cut than thofe of the 

 former; the umbels, of flowers are more compaft, " 



' "and nod on one fide. It flowers and feeds about the 

 fame tim.e as the former, and the plant may be culti- 

 vated in the fame way. " . - 



The third fort grows naturally in North America, but 

 is preferved by thofe who are curious in botany in 

 their gardens. This has a perennial root; tlie' ftalk 

 rifes a foot and a half high, and is garniflied with tri- 

 foliate leaves, whofe lobes are oval, fpear-fhaped, and 

 fawed on their edges; they are about three inches 

 ^ long, and one and a half broad ; their foot-ftalks are 

 fet Vv'ith briftly hairs, and their bafe inclofed bya mem- 

 branaceous flieath, which half embraces the ftalk. The 

 flowers are in umbels which terminate the ftalks, 

 and there are fmall ones which come frorn'tlie wino-s 

 of the ftalk; they are very irregular in their form. 

 The flowers are white, appear in June, and are fuc- 

 ceeded by oblong ftreaked feeds which ripen in 

 Auguft. 



The fourth fort grows naturally on the Alps and Apen- 

 nines; this rifes with a fwelling jointed ftalk near 

 two feet high, which is garniflied with vtvj fine flen- 

 der leaves, ftanding in whorls like thofe of the Water 

 Milfoil ; it branches out toward the top, each branch, 

 being terminated by a pretty large umbel of flowers, 

 which are purplifli on their outfide, but white within ; 

 thefe appear the latter end of May, and the feeds ripea 



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