I 



S M 



acute-pointed, about three quai tei-5 of an inch broad 

 at their bafe, where they are cared, drawing narrow- 

 er to a point, and about two inches long ; they are 

 of a dark green, and have five longitudinal veins ^ 

 their edges are fet with a few fliorc reddifli fpines. 

 The flowers corne out from the wings of the ftalk in 

 fhort bunches ; they are fmall and whitifli, having no 

 petals. Thole on the female plants are fucceeded by 

 red berries which ripen in autumn, 

 l^he fecond fort grows naturally in Syria. The roots 

 of this are like thofe of the former ; the ftalks are 

 four-cornered and prickly ; thefe faften themfelves to 

 the trees near them by their clafpers, and mount to 

 their tops. The leaves are hearr-Hiaped, two inches 

 long, and an inch and three quarters broad at their 

 bafe -, they have no fpines on their edges, but have five 

 veins running lengthways. The flowers and fruit are 

 like thofe of the firft fort. 



The third fort grows naturally in Virginia. The roots 

 of this are like thofe of the former •, the flialks are an- 

 aular and prickly ; the leaves are heart-fliaped, turn- 

 ing backward, and unarmed ; the flowers are fmall, 

 and come out in long loofe bunches from the wings of 

 the ftalks ; the berries are fmall and red. 

 The fourth fort grows naturally in Carolina. The 

 roots are like the former j the ftalks are taper and 

 prickly ; the leaves are oblong, heart-ftiaped, four 

 inches long, and two inches and a half broad at their 

 bafe, having no fpines, but feven longitudinal veins ; 

 the flowers come out in long loofe bunches from the 

 fide of the ftalks, and the berries are black. 

 The fifth fort grows naturally at Carthagena in New 

 Spain* The roots of this are like the former ; the 

 ftalks are taper, very ftrong, and armed with fhort 

 ItifF fpines ; they faften themfelves by their clafpers to 

 the neighbouring trees, and rife twenty feet high. 

 The leaves are of a thick fubftance, and have no 

 fpines ; they are oval, heart-fhaped, four inches long, 

 and three and a half broad at their bafe, ending in an 

 obtufe point, and have five longitudinal veinsr. 'The 

 flowers are like thofe of the other fpecies, but groW in 

 clofe bunches, and the berries are red. This is the fame 

 with a plant which I received from China by the title 

 of China-root. 



jM I 



and budges to the Iieight of ten or twelve fccr. The 

 leaves are oval, and end in acucc points •, tlicv are fiv * 

 inches long and three broid, and have three lon^nraN 

 dinal veins, but have no ipincs. ^ ' 



The eleventh fort grows naturally in Carolina ; this 

 hath taper unarmed ftalks which rife dnce or four feet 

 high. The leaves are oval, hearc-fliaped, about 

 three inches long, and almoft two broad, rounded at 

 their points, and have three longitudinal veins. The 

 flowers come out from the wings of the ftalk at 

 every joint, ftanding upon ftiort foot-ftalks, formed 

 in a round bunch -, thefe are fucceeded by roundilh 

 red berries. 



The twelfth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, and alfo 

 in Maryland. The ftalks of this are ligneous, taper 

 and unarmed •, thefe have very long clafpers, by v/hich 

 they faften to any neighbouring fupport, and rife 

 twenty feet high. The leaves are fonie oval, and 

 others areheart-fliaped ^ they are about three inches 

 and a half long, and two and a half broad. The flow- 

 ers come out from the wings of the ftalk in oblono- 

 bunches ; thefe are fucceeded by red berries. *^ 



The thirteenth fort grows naturally in Carolina i this 

 hath a thick, taper, unarmed ftalk, which rifes by 

 the help of neighbouring buftiesand trees ten or twelve 

 feet high. The leaves are thick, fpear-ftiaped, and 

 unarmed, about three inches and a half long, and one 

 inch and a half broad. The flowers come out from 

 the wiugs of the ftalk in round bunches, which are 

 fucceeded by black berries. 



Thefe plants are many of them preferved in the gar- 

 dens of the curious for the fake of variety, but foa)€ 

 of them may fo be difpofcd as to make them ornaraen- 

 tal, becaufe thofe forts which grow naturally in North 

 America, and the two firft forts, are fo hardy as to 

 thrive in the open air in England j and as they retain 

 their verdure all the year, if the plants are placed on 

 the borders of woods or groves in gardens, and their 

 branches properly fupported, they will fcreen the na- 

 kednefs of the ground under the trees from fight, and 

 in winter, when their leaves ire in beauty, they will 

 make a pleafing variety, when the plants arc properly 

 intermixed with other evergreens; and as fome of the 

 fort^^.will rife five or fix feet high, they will fliut out 



The fixth fort grows naturally at Carthagena in New J ^| from vievv any difagri^eable objefts. 



Spain-, this hath very ftrong taper ftalks, which^are] . .Thofe forts which require a ftove to proteft them in 



armed with a very few fhort fpines/^^The leaves, are 1 ^ winter are little efteemed, becaufe they require much 



thick, unarmed, and heart-fliaped ; they are five 

 inches long, and three inches and a half broad at their 

 bafe, ending witli an acute point. This fort climbs 

 on the neighbouring trees, and rifes thirty feet high. 

 The flowers of this I have not feeri. 





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The feve nth fort grows naturally at La Vera Cruz in 

 - ' New Spain -, this hath a thick, taper, prickly ftalk, 

 ,:.., which' climbs up the neighbouring trees to the height 

 ' ^'"^ thirty or forty feet. .The leaves are.thick, ftiflf, 



and 



J' — X***!..^-*,..*? 



long, and have 

 two round ears at ' their bafe, where the^ are three 

 inches and a half broad, but the otKer part of the 

 leaves are two inches broad at their top, where they 

 are rounded ^ they have three longitudinal veins, and 

 L ftand on fliort foot-ftalks. > 

 ;.;;;^iThe eighth fort grows rtaturally at La Vera Cruz ; 

 ' 'this hath flender, taper, prickly ftalks, which faften 





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'* 



— . -'* 



vvTihemfelves to any neighbouring fupport by their claf- 

 /^'^pers, and rife eight or ten feet high: The leaves 

 -* are oval, fpear-ftiaped, four inches and a half long, 

 and two and a half broad in the middle •, they have 

 no fpines on their edges, but their midrib and veins 

 on their under fide are armed with ftiort reddifli 



-* ^t 



I'-*-, * -.^ 





:\->^ fpines. 



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.: * 



I'he ninth fort grows naturally in J 



The 



> 



ilialks of this are flender, angular, and prickly-, the 

 leaves are fpear-lhaped, ending in acute points -, they 

 are three inches long, and half an inch broad, having 



;nofpirtes; their bafe is a little rounded, but have 



no ears. 



- /- - 



The tenth fort grows naturally ip Jamaica ; this hath 

 thick, flefliy, creeping roots. The ftalks are taper 



and unarmcii j thefe climb up the neighbouring trees 



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*•- 



room; and as their flowers have no beauty to recom- 

 mend them, few perfons care to be at the trouble of 

 preferving them for that of their leaves, becaufe there 

 are many other plants whofe leaves make a better ap- 

 , pearance, and the plants do not require fo much room> 



' lb thefe plants are rather the proper furniture of bo- 

 tanic gardens than thofe of pleafure. 

 They are all propagated by feeds, which muft be pro- 

 cured from the countries where they naturally grow, 

 , for there "are none of thefe plants which produce ripe 

 feeds here. Thofe forts which have been' brought 



. .from the north of America, fomerimes produce flow- 

 ers'in England, but the fummers here are neither warm 



. enough, rior of a proper duration to ripen thej? feeds, 



- fo that thefe are propagated by pardng of their roots; 

 ^for jvhen the roots have obtained ftrength, they fpread 



vtiVery far in the ground, and fend up ftalks.at a diftance 

 from the old, roots, whereby they m2cy be greatly in- 

 creafed when the forts are once obtained.^ The beft 

 time for tranfplanting and pardng of their roots is 

 early in autumn^ that the off^sets or young planes may 

 have time to get good roots before the froft comes on^ 

 and if after they are planted, the cold Ihould come 

 on eariier, or be more fevere than ordinary, if the 

 furface of the ground about their roocs is covered with 

 fome old tanners bark or mulch to keep the froft out 

 ot the ground, it will preferve them-, but thefe roots 

 ftiould not be parted oftener than every third or founh 

 year, for unlefs the roots are large, there will be m 

 ftalks to each, and therefore will make but little, ap- 

 pearance; , ■ '- - 7 111 

 The tender forts muft be kept in pots, and plungca 

 into the tan-bed of the bark-ftove, in. order to have 



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