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The firft fort grows naturally on the Alps, and other 

 cold mountains in fevcral parts of Europe. This has 

 a perennial fibrous root, from which come out many 

 narrow fpcar-Ihaped leaves about four inches long, 

 and half an inch broad in the wideft part ; they are 

 fmooth, of a dark green colour, and fit cloie over 

 each other at their bafe. The foot-ftalks of the 

 flowers rife about a foot high ; they are naked, and 

 terminated by one globular head, containing fcveral 

 fmall, pale, red flowers, which are included in one 

 common fcaly empalement ; the lower fcales are 

 acute-pointed, and im.mediatcly under the flower is 

 placed five narrow leaves which afterward fall off. 

 This plant flowers in June, and the flowers are fuc- 

 ceeded by oblong feeds which are clofdy wrapped 

 up in the particular empalement of the flower, and 

 ripen in Augufl:. There is a variety of this with white 



flowers. 



The fecond fort is alfo a native of the Alps, and other 



cold mountains, where it feldom rifes more than two 

 inches hi^h, but when It is planted in gardens, it be- 

 comes much larger. The roots of this are fibrous 

 and perennial -, they divide into heads, which have a 

 o-reat number of narrow Grafs-like leaves, which have 

 three corners at their bafe, fitting clofe round the 

 heads, whofe bafe embrace the ilems and lie over 

 each other. The fl:alks are naked, and rife about fix 

 inches high, fufl:aining oh their tops heads of pale 

 purplifla flowers, incloled in one common fcaly em- 

 palement, whofe fcales are broad and rounded at their 

 points. The flowers appear the latter end of May, 

 arid if the feafon is not very hot, they will continue 



good part of June. . , ' . 



There is a variety of this with bright red flowers, 

 which is commonly called Scarlet Thrift ; the flowers 

 of this make a much better appearance than thofe' of 

 the other, fo has been much mofe cultivated in gar- 

 dens •, but neither of the kinds are greatly efl:eemed 

 atprefent, and therefore feldom feen in any modern 

 gardens. --^ .-...^-w^--^.^*.- ....3. ^^^ .--..-. 



The third fort grows naturally in fait marlhes, where 

 thefea flows over them frequently; in many parts of 

 Engtahd, fo is very rarely admitted into gardens. The 

 leaves of this fort are very narrow, fliprt^ and plain ^ 

 the ftalks feldonnirife more than three' or four inches 

 high ', the heads of flowers are fmall, and the flowers 

 are of a pale flefh colour, fo make but little appe^af- 

 ance y it flowers later in the feafon than either of the 



former. 



There was fome years pafi: another fpecies of this ge- 

 nus in the Englirfi gardens, which came from Portu- 

 gal. This had a thick- perennial fl:alk which by age 

 became fhrubby, and rofe to be a foot and a half in 

 height; the leaves were like thofe of the firft: fort, 

 but much larger ; the foot-ftalks of the flowers were 

 a foot and a half long, naked, and terminated by 

 . ' ' one large globular head of flowers,* of a; pale red co- 

 lour ; but all the plants of this kind which' were in 

 Eno-land, the fevere froft in the beginning of the year 

 1 740 deftroyed, fince which tiftie I have not feen one 

 ■ ofthem. ' -■ - * .:.;... ^-»>^- - 



The fecond fort Ra§ been 'planted in gardens, to make 

 edgino- onthe fides of borders in the flower-gardens ; 

 for which purpofe they were formerly in great efteem, 

 but of late they have been very juftly rejeded for that 



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in the fpring •, and the plants will not be in (o much 

 danger of mifcarrying as thofe are, cfpccially when 

 the fpring happens to prove dry. After thefe plants 

 have taken root, they will require no farther care but 

 to keep them clean from weeds, and ro tranlplant 

 and part their roots annually, for if they are ])ermirted 

 to Hand longer unremoved, they are verv luh'ieii; 10 

 rot and decay, efpecially when they are phuued la 



o;ood Q;round. 



S 1' AT U E S and VA S E S contribute verv nv;.;;i 



tothe embellifhmcnt and magnificence of 



a garden 



and extremely advance the natural beauties ct ir. 

 They are made of feveral forms, and different niate- 

 rials. The richeft are thofe of call brals, lead eilr* 

 and marble ; the ordinary fort are of a common ilone 

 or ft-ucco. 



Among figures are diftinguifiied groups, which con- 

 fift: at leall of two figures together in the fmie block ; 

 figures infulate or detached, that is, thofe that you 

 can go quite round, and figures that are fet in niches, 

 which are finiflaed on the fore part only. 

 There are likewife bufts, termes, half-length figures, 



as the life, and thofe bi2;2:er 



figures half 



as 



big 



^^^^ 





than the life, that are called coloff.iL either on reou- 

 lar pedeftals, or fuch as are more flender, tapering, 

 and hoUow^ed, not to mention the figures which forae- 

 times adorn cafcades, as alfo bas-relievc.s, &c. 

 Thefe figures reprefent all the feveral deities, and il- 

 lufl:rious perfons of antiquity, v^hich fnould be placed 

 properly in e:ardens. 



The river gods, as Naiads, Rivers, andTritons, fliculd 

 be placed in the middle of fountains and bafons. 

 The gods of the v/oods, as Sylvans, Fauns, and Dry- 

 ades, in the groves -, facrifices, bacchanals, and chil- 

 dren fports, are likewife reprefented in bas-relicvo 

 upon the vafes and pedefirals, which may be adorned 

 with feftoons, foliage, mouldings, and other orna- 



^ 1 



ments. 



* -» 



I- -v 



■ 



In woods and groves, Sylvanus, god, and Fcrona, 

 goddefs, of the woods 5 Adteon the hunter, who 

 chancing to efpy Diana bathing, the transformed him 

 into a hart, and he was devoured by his own dogs. 



Alfo, 









%* -' 



;^ Echd,iv1rgifl rejefted of her lover, v;ho pined away 

 -r in the woods for grief, where her voice fl:ill remains, 

 anfwering the outcries of every complaint. Alfo, 

 Philomela, transformed into a nightingale, and Itys, 



into a pheafant, 



Jupiter, Mars, and Bellona, fliould pofl^efs thelargefl: 



open centers and lawns of a grand defign, elevated 

 upon pedeft:als, columnal, and other architeflonical 

 works, with their immediate lervants and vafi^als un- 

 derneath ; Jupiter' with his Mercury, Mars v/ith 

 Fame, and the reft of their attendants. 

 Alfo Minerva or Pallas, goddefs of wifdom : with the 

 feveral liberal fciences 3 the three deftinies. Clothe, 

 Lachefis, and Atropos •, Tellus, the goddefs of earth ; 

 Priapus, the god of gardens ; Pytho, the goddefs of 

 eloquence; Vefta, the goddefs of chaftity. 

 Neptune, in his chariot, fliould pofl!efs the center of 

 thegreateft body of water, whether it be fountain, 

 bafon, or whatfoever there is of that kind, and at- 

 tended with the Naiades, Tritons, and his other fea 

 attendants.' ' "' - ■ ' , ' 

 For canals, bafons, and filh-ponds, Palxmon, Panil- 



r 



,« ' • " 



ft- 



ufe • becaufe there was a neceffity of tranfplanting ' cus, andOceanus, gods ; Dione, Melicerta,^ Thetis, 



-thefe edcrings every year, otherwife they could not be 



and Marica, fea goddeflTes ; Salacia, goddefs of the 



/ 



kept within due bounds ; befides, wherever a plant 



. failed, which was no extraordinary thing, there always 

 appeared a large unfightly gap -, however, tho' they 



^ dre not in ufe at prefent for that purpofe, yet a few 

 plants of the firft and fecond fliould have a place in 



^ fome part of the flower-garden, for variety ; efpecially 

 tlie variety with red flowers will grow in almoft any 



' foil or fituation, and their flowers will continue a 

 long time in beauty. . ' " ' 



All thefe forts may be propagated by parting their 

 roots ; the "teff * time for which is in autumn, that 

 they may take root'before the froft, which will caufe 

 them to flower much ftrbngerthan thofe trairifplanted 



water •, 'Naiades, fairies of the w^ater ; and the firens. 



Parthenope, Ligia, and Lcucofia, ■ ■ 

 Flora and Chloris, goddefies of flowers, and alfo Ve- 

 nus, Daphne, and Rucina, the goddefs of weeding, 

 in the flower-garden. 



The Dii minores ought alfo to pofTefs the niches. 

 Ceres, Pomona, and the Hefperides,^:gle, Arechu.a, 

 and Hefperethufa, who were three fifters, feigned to 

 have an orchard of golden Apples, kept by adragor,, 

 which Hercules flew when he took them away, 

 fhould be placed in the orchard . the fauns and fylvans 

 Ihould be placed in the more remote and rural centers 



^d parts of the wood work. -'- ' , 



^ Bacchus 



