OE 



Jlamina within the tube, ^^^hich are turned afule^ tivo of 



'which are Jhcrter than the other^ terminated by fmall 



fummits^ and a quadrifid germen fttpporting a Jlender 



jlylc the length of the tule^ cr(Kvned by an obtufe indented 



fligma. 'The germen afterward turn to four almofl oval 



feeds 'ujhieh ripen in the empahnent^ to which the fcllc-zi'- 



ing notes niufl be added: the flowers are ranged in fe-veral 



fries y and the fpikes are terminated by tufts of leaves. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 



Linna^us's fourteenth clafs, joining it to Lavendula, 



which contains thofc plants whofe flowers have two 



long and two fhorter ftamina, and the feeds are naked. 



The Species are, 



1. Stoechas {Officinnrum) fohis lanceolato-lincaribus, 

 pedunculis brevioribus. Slaxhas with fpear-fhaped li- 

 near leaves^ and fljorter foot-ftalks to the flowers. Stcc- 

 chas purpurea. C. B.P. 216. Purple Staxhas^ or com- 

 mon French Lavender. 



2. Stoechas {Pedunculatus) foliis lanceolato-linearibus, 

 pedunculis longiffimis. Stccchas with fpear-fljaped linear 

 leaves^ andtkelcngeflfoot-ftalkstothefliowers. Stoechas 

 cauliculis non foliofis. C. B. P. 216. Stccchas with- 



cut foot flalks and leaves. 



3. Stoechas (Dentatus) foliis pinnato-dentatis. Stccchas 

 with winged indented leaves. Stoechas folio ferrate. 

 C. B. P. 21 6. Stccchas with a fawed leaf. 

 The firll fort grows naturally in the fouth of France 

 and Spain, from v/hence the tops or heads of flowers 

 are imported to England for medicinal ufe : this has 

 a low, thick, (hrubby ftalk, which rifes about two feet 

 high, fending out ligneous branches the whole length, 

 ■which are garnifhed with fpear-fliaped linear leaves 

 about an inch long, which are hoary and pointed, of 

 a ftrong aromatic fccnt, 'and fland oppofite on the 

 branches at each joint, with fmaller leaves of the 



at the fame places. The 

 branches are terminated with fcaly fpikes " of purple 

 flowers about an inch in length ; the fpikes are four- 

 cornered ; the fcales lie over each other like thofe of 

 fifh ; out of each fcale peeps one lip flower, whofe 

 tube is the length of the fcale, fo the two lips only 

 appear ; the under is Jpread open, and the upper 



• - ftands ereft^'' The fpike of flowers is terminated by a 

 ^;^ fmall tuft of purple leaves likethe Clarry of Matthiolus; 



• ■.;■ the flowers appear in May and June, which are fuc- 



• / ceeded by oval feeds whicFi ripen in Augufl:. THe~w1iole 

 '■■ -plant has a very ftrong,' afonlatic, agreeable odour. \ 



The heads' of flowers of this kind are ufed in fome' 



of the capital medicines direfted by the College of 



Phyficians, which are commonly brought from the 



fouth of France, v/here the plants are in great plenty ■, 



' ■' but, as thefe are feldom imported, and very little care 



taken in the drying and packing them, they are very 



'' apt to take a mouldinefs in their paflage, and are not 



■ \ -near £q gobd for ufe as thofe which are gathered frefli 



'y-^'in England, where the *planE^ may be cultivated' to 



:■ "^great advantage. 



S T O 



until they have taken root, after which they will re- 

 quire no further care but to keep them clear from 

 v^^eeds die following fummer-, bur, if tlie v/intcr 

 fliould prove fevere, it will be* proper :o cover tlu^m 

 with mats, Peas-haulm, or fomc orhcr W^ihi CDverio' 



>■ f r 



guard thci-n againfl the froll, \\\\k\\ othcrwiic wouli 

 be apt to injure theni while tiu-v are fo young ; bi;e ia 

 March, or the beginning of April, tlie toilowiivT 

 fpring, they muft be removed ineo the places wlici^: 

 they are to remain, obfcrving if pofnble, to tra:":!"- 

 plant them in a warm moitl fcafon, and not lee t'K'm 

 remain long above ground, for if their roots arc (\\\^A 

 they feldom grow well after. TliC loil in which xhc\c 

 are planted fhould be a dry warm fand or gravel, and 

 the poorer tlie foil is in which they are planted, the 

 better they will endure the cold of the v/inter, pro- 

 vided the ground be dry •, though indeed the ::Ian:3 

 will thrive better in fummer upon a rich moiil groui:d, 

 but then they will not produce fo many fiowcrs, nc4- 

 will the heads or fpikes have near fo ftrong an aron:a- 

 tic fcent, as is the cafe with moft forts of aromatic 

 plants. 



Thefe plants m-ay alfo be propagated by plantin?- 

 nips or cuttings of any of the kinds in the fpring, ob- 

 fervino; to refrefh them witli water until they have 

 taken root, after v;hich they may be managed as hath 



fame ftiape coming out 



i 



* - 



been diredled for the fcedling plants*, but, as tlioie 

 plants raifed from feeds are much better than thejl% 

 it is hardly worth v/hik^ to propagate tliem th.is wav^ 

 cfpccially fince their feeds ripen fo well in this countrv. 

 The heads of the firft forts may be gathered for ule, 

 when the flowers are in full perfeftion, and ipread to 

 dry in a fliady place, ?.fier wdfich they may be put ut> 

 for ufe. 



The third fort grows naturally in Andalulia in Spain, 

 and alfo about Murcia -, this has a lio-ncous- ftalk 

 which rifes two or tlu'ee feet high, furnifhed wirh 

 ■--' branches on every fide the whole length, which arc 

 - four-cornered, and garnilhed with leaves placed op- 

 pofite by pairs, which are about an. inch long^ and 

 an eighth of an inch broad, rndented regularly on both 

 fides almoft to the midrib, in form of .winged 

 ■ leaves ; they are of a grayilh colour, have a pleafant 

 ^'- aromatic odour, and biting warm taftc. The flowcr> 

 --are pFo(3uced in fcaly fpikes at the bnd of the branches. 



rivvftariding'upbrl 'long naked foot-ftalks ; the fpikes. arc 



--^four-cornered, hairy, and about an inch long, tcr- 



■ minated by a fev^ purpjlifli leaves in the like manjier 



- as the other forts, which inclined me to keep it ioined 



to them, k fov/ers great part of fummer,. but the 

 feeds very rarely ripen in England. 



-...'» 



•' *- : ,*' y ."^ \ ^.' if- A X^ 



5/:./]; heTecohd fort grows naturally iri'Spainl''^'* The dif- 



— 1 



ference between this and the firft confifts in the foot- 

 • ftalks, which fuftain the fpikes of flowers," being 

 ■ -, three times the length of thofe of the firft, and naked, 

 ^" havins no leaves!' xThe fpikes of flowers are lono-er 

 ^'■: and not fo thick, and they have more coloured leaves 

 *-' on their tops, which are longer, and of a brighter 



purple colour. Thefe differences are not accidentak 

 '^- -for I have many years propagated this plant by feeds, 

 ^T^ arid havealways found them the fame. '-The flowers, 

 ''"ieed's,' and other parts afe^ the fanie. '^-Of-both 

 ^■^hefe thefe are Tome plants which vary' in the colour 



'' As this plant feldom produces feeds in England, it 

 -'-* is propagated by flips or cuttings, wiiich, il' planted 

 . -in April, and treated in the fame way as thofe of the 

 two other forts, will rake root very freely : but thefe 

 -i -plants, v/hen rooted, muft be planted in pots,, thai* 



-rrthey thd.y be fneltered from ievere froft in vanter,. be- 

 V 'caufe they are too tender to live in the open air 

 -through the winter in England, efpecially while they 

 ^■■- are young •, but when they have obtained ftrength, 

 ^' -fome of them may be turned out of the pots, and 

 i-^'planted in a v/arm fituation, upon a dry rubbilhy foil, 

 1" where they will be ftinted from growing too vigorouOy, 

 rcfo will endure the cold much better than if they were 

 -'-growing in better o;roi.md. -,. ytai iithblti v: s-: • 



STONECROR-SceSHDiJM.^^r^ ' 





; . ' .,'■1 : 



-^^ of their flowers, fome producing white, and others 

 ^^purplifli flowers, but the moft common colour is blue. 

 -''^Thefe plants'may be cultivated by fowing their feeds 



upon a bed of light dry foil in March, and when 



they come up, they fliould be carefully cleared from 

 .■ "weeds until they are two inches high, at which time 

 ^? they fhould be removed ; therefore there m.uft be a f; that the fliies, through which the fmoke paiies, are 



STONE CRO P-T R E E. - 'See Chenopodium. 



S T O VE S are contrivances for the preferving fuch 

 '^-v-tehder exotic plants, w'hich will not live in thele nor- 

 f^:therri countries without artificiak v/armth m winter. 

 -Thefe are built in difierent. methods, according to 



- fpot or light dry ground prepared, and laid level, 

 ■•which muft be trodden out in beds, into which the 



- plants fhould be planted at about five or fix inches 



'' diftance each way, obferving to water and fhade them 



;• the ingenuity oftheartift, or the diftercnt purpoles 

 : for which they are intended, but in England they are 

 .1 zt prcfent reducible to two or three. rr/. 



..The firft is called a dry Stove, being fo contrived. 



} 



t* 



v% 



^ -> 



" .z* 



k 





■ -* -V- 



cither carried under the pavement of the floor, or elle 

 ,'are'erefted in the back part of the houfe, over each 

 J. other, and are returned fix or eight times the who'c 



llengtR of theiStove, according to the height. : la 



- • - ' - thefe 



- - 



-A 



'C"^ 



J^ 



