* - 



- K 



S U R 



lar body of five feet altitude on a plane, at which 

 time the Sun enters every fign of the zodiac, which, 

 at a fouth Sun, will be found very cxaft on a true | 



level. 



SUPERFICIES of the ground, &c. is the out- 

 part or furface of it. 



SURFACE is the bare outfide of a body or fuper- 

 ficies. 



SURIANA. Plum. Nov. Gen. ^y. tab. 40. Lin. 



Gen. Plant. 353. 

 The Characters are, 



^he empakment of the flower is permanent^ and ccm- 

 pofed of five fpear-ffoaped fmall leaves. 'The flovoer bai 

 five oval petals the length of the empalementy which 

 fpread open ; // has ten flender ftamina which arefhorter 

 than the petals^ terminated by fingle fummits^ and five 

 roundifh germen fupporting a flender ftyle the length of 

 the ftamina^ which is inferted in the middle to the flde_ of 

 the germen^ crowned with an obtufe ftigma, The germen 

 afterward become five roundifJj feeds joined together. ^ 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fifth feClion of 

 Linnasus's tenth clafs, which includes thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have ten [lamina and five ecrmen. 

 We know but one Specils of'thij 

 SuRiANA [Maritima.) Hurt. Clifi*. 492. 



ana foliis protulac^ ang-ftis. Plum. Nov. Gen, 37. 

 Suriana with narrow Purflain leaves. 

 This plant ivas fo named by Father Plumier, who 

 difcovered it in the French fettlements in America, in 

 honour of Jofeph Surian of MarfeilleS, who was a very 

 curious botanift. 



S W 



the firft year, afterwards they will grow pretty free- 

 ly if they are not (tinted. In winter they muft con- 

 ftantly be kept in the Itove in this country, and if 

 they are plunged into the bark-bed, they will make 

 the greater progrefs. In funimer they muft liave a 

 large fnareof air, by opening the glafles of thefloves ; 

 and if their leaves are covered with filth (which the 

 plants in ftoves often contraft,) they fhould be care- 

 fully walhed v/ith a fponge, otherwife the plants will 

 not only appear unfightly, but it will retard their 



SuriaJia. 



Suri- 



r 



r^^wa J -'. ' \ "4 



L 



This grows naturally by the fea fide in moft of the 

 iflands in the Weft-Indies, where it rifes with a thick 

 ihrubby ftalk eight or nine feet high, covered with a 

 dark brown bark, and divides into branches, the up- 

 per part of which are clofely gamifhed vvith leaves on 

 every fide ftanding without order ; they are about an 

 inch long, and one eighth of an inch broad at the 

 point, growing narrower to their bafe ; they are round- 

 ed at their points, and fit clofe to the branches, hav- 

 ing no foot-ftalks ; they are of a dirty green colour." 

 From between the leaves come out the foot-ftalks of 

 the flowers, which are about an inch long -, thefe do 

 each fuftain two, three, or four yellow flowers, which 

 have fome four, and 'others five petals, which are 



' rounded at their points, gnd almoft heart-fliaped j 

 thefe are fucceeded by roundifti feeds, which are join- 

 ed together, fitting in the empalement. Some flowers 

 "have two, others three, four, or five feeds to each. 



• The feeds of this plant were brought from the Ha- 

 vanna by the late Dr. William Houftoun, who found 

 the plants growing there in great plenty on the ftiore, 

 in moift places, where the fait water ufually flows. 

 It alfo grows plentifully in fom^ parts of the ifland of 



.,.,- 



H — -I- — -H »- — — — ^^ J- 



It is propagated by feeds, which muft be Town on a 

 hot-bed early in the fpring, and when the plants are 

 come up they muft be carefully cleared from weeds, 

 -and frequently refreftied with water. In warm wea- 

 ther the glafles of the hot-bed ftiould be raifed every 

 day to admit frefti air to the plants, to prevent their 

 drawing up too weak. When the plants are fit tore- 

 . move, "^hey fliould be taken up carefully, and each 

 . planted in a fcparate fmall pot filled with frefti light 

 .earth, and plunged into.a hot-bed of tanners bark, 

 obferving to fhade them until they have taken new 

 root; after which time they muft be duly watered 

 every evening in hot weather, and they muft have 

 frelhair admitted to them every day in proportion to 

 the warmth of the feafon. In this hot- bed the plants 

 may remain till autumn, when the nights begin to be 

 -. cold, at which time they fliould be removed into the 

 ftove, and plunged into the bark-bed. During the 

 winter feafon thefe plants muft be kept very warm, 

 efpecially while they are young, otherwife they will 

 not live through the winter in this country. They 

 muft alfo be frequently refreflied with water, but it 

 muft not be given to them in large quantities in cold 

 weather, for too much moifture in winter will foon 

 deftroy them. Thefe plants make but flow progrefs 



I 



growth. 



WERTIA. Lin. Gen. PI. 321. Gentiana. C. B. P. 



The Characters are, - ^ 



The empalement is permanent^ and cut into five fpear- 



fhaped fegments \ the flower is of one petals divided at. 



the top into five fpear-fhaped fegments^ and is larger than 



the empalement \ it has ten neElarii which are fmall^ ere^^ 



fitiiated on the internal part of the petal at the divifion of 



the fegmentSy and five awl-fhaped ftamina flm'ter than the 



corolla^ terminated by incumbent fimmits \ and an oblong 



oval germen having nc ftyle ^ but two fimple fligmas. The 



empalement afterward becomes a taper acute-pointed cap- 



fule tvith one celU fills d with fmall feeds. ^ 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion 



ofLinnseus's fifth clafs, which contains thofe plants 



whofe flowers have five ftamina, and two ftyles or 



ftio-mas. 



The Species are, 

 . SwERTJA {Pirmms)co\'o\\\% quinquefidis, foliis radi- 



calibusovalibus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 328. Perennial ^wer- 

 tia with a fi- 



Gentiana paluftris latifolia. C. B. P. 188. Broad-leaved 

 Marfh 



> " 



V 



- t 



{Difformis) cbrollis quinquefidis, terminali 

 fexfida, pedunculis longiflimis, foliis linearibus. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 328. Swertia with afi,ve pointed corolla which 

 terminates with fix points^ very long foot-ftalks to the 



flower^ and linear leaves. - ^ . ■ - ■ 



There are two or three other fpecies of this genus, 

 which grow naturally in Siberia and Canada, but as 

 they are annual pUuits, and have not been introduced 

 here, fo I have not inferred them. 

 The firft fort grows naturally upon tlie Alps in Hel- 

 vetia and Bavaria. This is a perennial plant, fending 

 out tufts of leaves from the root which are lour 

 inches long, and near two broad, of a deep green co- 

 lour, and very fmooth : fro;Ti between thele arife the 

 foot-ftalks of the flowers, which' are eight or "nine 

 inches long, naked, andfuftains a pretty large bunch 



, of blue flowers on the top, whofe petals are connect- 

 ed at the top.- ' Thefe appear in June, but are rarely 



— ~ '- - _ . ' ■ 



,:fuccecded by feeds in England;; 'Y 



;/-The fecond fort grows naturally in Virginia. This 



-hath narrow linear leaves which come from the root, 

 "^about three inches long, and half a quarter of an inch 

 abroad -, the foot-ftalks of the flowers arife immediate- 

 ly from the rootj they are about fix or feven inches 



/-* -.\ ' -." 



high, and fupport one blue flower. 



Thefe plants grow naturally in fwamps, fo are \yith 



difficulty preferved in gardens •, and as they do not 

 -.produce feeds, fo are only propagated by parting ot 



their roots-, the befttime for which is in September, 



that they may have time to be eftabli(hed before the 

 ■ • froft comes on \ they fliould be planted in the fliade, 

 .and have a loofe moift foil, and in fumm.er muft be 

 .frequently watered, otherwife they will not live, but 



the winters cold will never injure them. •- . " 

 SWIETENIA, Sec Cedrus.- .: 

 SYCAMORE.- See Acer majus. ■ 

 SYMPHYTUM. Tourn. Inft.R.H. 138. tab. 56. 



Lin. Gen. Plant. 1 70. [Some derive it from o-t/xfpufii/ 



fe if the leaves or root of this 



to conglutinate, be 

 plant are boiled with fiefli, the flefli returns a^ain in- 

 to one mafs •, hence it is called the Confolida niajor 

 officinarum.] Comfrey •, in French, Confound, 



. The Characters are, - 



The flower hath a flve-cornered^ ercEt^ permanent empale* 

 menty cut into five acute fegments -, it has one petal with 

 afhort tube^ about which Ike limb has a fwelling belly, 

 and thicker tube ; the brim is indented in five obtufe parts 



12 Z which 



