./ 



T 



The Characters are. 



G 



^he common empnlement of the flower is fingle^ of one 

 leaf oblongs evenly and five-cornered \ the fio'wer is com- 

 pound and radiated ■, the rays or border is compcfed of fe- 

 male half florets which are tongue-fhaped. The dijk or 

 middle is made up of hermaphrodite florets which are tu- 

 lulouSj and cut into five obtufe fegments \ thefe have five 

 pert hair-like flamina, terminated by cylindrical fummits^ 

 and an oblong germen fupporting a fhort flender ftyle^ 

 crowned by a thin^ bifida reflexed fligma. The germen 

 afterward becomes a Jingle, linear, comprejfed feed, almoft 

 the length of the empalement, crowned by five acute-pointed 

 unequal fcales. The female half florets have an oblong 

 germen, with a ftyle and fligma like the hermaphrodite, 

 and are fucceeded by feeds of the fame form, but have no 

 ftamina. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedtion 

 of-Linnseus's nineteenth clafs, which contains thofe 



hermaphrodite 

 and have their 



r. 



2. 



plants whofe flowers are compofed of 

 and female florets which are fruitful, 



fummits connedted. 



The Species are, - ' 



Tagetes {Ere^la) caule fimplici credo, peduncu- 

 lis nudis unifloris. Hort. Cliff. 418. Tagetes with a 

 fingle ere5l ftalk, and naked foot-ftalks bearing Jingle 

 fl.owers, Tagetes raaximus rectus, flore fimplici ex 

 luteo pallido. I. B. 3. p. 100. Greateft upright African 

 Marigold, with a pale. Jingle, yellow flower. 



Tagetes {Patula) caule lubdivifo patulo. Hort. 

 Cliff. 418. Tagetes with a fpreading fubdivided ftalk, 

 Tagetes Indicus minor, multiplicato flore. Tourn. 



3 



(Mi 



^fl 



Marigold. 



A 



fquamofis mukifloris. Hort. Cliff. 419. Tagetes with 

 a fingle ereSl ftalk, and fcaly foot-ftalks bearing many 

 flowers* ^ Tagetes multiflora minuto flore albicante. 

 Hort. Elth. 374. Mary-flozvering Tagetes with a fmall 



white flower. 



» Tagetes {Rotundifolia) caule fimplici ere6to, foliis 

 cordatis fimplicibus, pedunculis nudis unifloris, Ta- 

 getes with a fingle ftalk, fimple heart fhaped leaves, and 

 naked foot-ftalks having one flower. Tagetes America- 

 na, folio fingulari fubrotundo. Houft. MSS. American 

 Tagetes with a fingle roundifh leaf. 

 The firft fort grows naturally in Mexico, but has been 

 long cultivated in the Englifh gardens, where it 

 commonly titled African, or African Marigold j 

 this there are the following varieties 



1. Pale yellow 

 double, and fifl;ulous flowers. 



2. Deep yellow, with fingle, double, and fifl:ulous 



flowers. 



<?. Orange-coloured, with fingle, double, and fifl:u- 



lous flowers. 



is 

 of 



or brimflione colour, with 





■^^^*S--' 'l-^S ' 



. 4. Middling African, with Orange-coloured flowers. 

 5. Sweet-fcented African. . -- . :_,'.- 



' Thefe arc all very fubjeft to vary, fo that unlefs the 

 feeds are very carefully faved from the fineft flowers, 

 they are very apt to degenerate ; nor fhould their feeds 



' be too long fown in the fame garden without changing 

 it, for the fame reafon ; therefore, thofe who are de- 

 firous to have thefe flowers in perfeftion, ftiould ex- 

 change their feeds with fome perfon of integrity at a 

 diftance, where the foil is of a different nature, at 

 leafl: every other year. If this is done, the varieties 



■'" ' ■'.'-- 





may be continued in perfection.' - : 

 This plant is fo well known as to need no defcription. 

 It flowers from the beginning of July till the frofl: 

 puts a flop to it. The fecond fort grows naturally in 

 Mexico, but has been long in the Englifh gardens, 

 where it Is difl:inguiflied from the firfl: by the title of 



. French Marigold. ';■,■.;■.'. 



Of this tfiere are feveral varieties, fome of which 

 have much larger flowers than others, and their co- 



. lour varies greatly ; there are fome which are beau- 

 tifully variegated, and others quite plain ; but as thefe 

 are accidents arifing from culture, fo they do not 

 merit farther difl:inftion, fori have always found that 

 feeds faved from the moft beautiful flowers will dege- 



A G 



+ 

 > 



nerate, efpecially if tliey are fown in the fame garden 

 for two or three years :o2:ether, without chaneintr the 

 Iced. 



Thefe plants are annual, fo mull: be propagated from 

 feeds every fpring, which may be fown upon a mode- 

 rate hot-bed the beginning of April ; and when the 

 plants are come up, they fhould have plenty of frelli 

 air, for if they are drawn too much, they will not af- 

 terward become handrome,notwithltanding they have 

 all poffible care taken of them. When they are about 

 three inches high, they fhould be tranfplanted on a 

 very moderate hot-bed, which may be arched over 

 with hoops, and covered widi mats, for thefe plants 

 are hardy enough to be brought up without glaffes ; 

 in this bed they fhould be plantecl about fix inches ^ 

 afunder each way, obferving to water and fhade them 

 until they have taken root ; but as the plants acquire 

 flrength, they fliould be inured to bear the open air 

 by degrees, and about the beginning of May they 

 fhould be taken up, with a ball of earth to the root 

 of each plant, and planted into the borders of the par- 

 terre-garden, or into pots, for furnifhing the courts, 

 &c. fliading them carefully from the fun till they 

 have taken new root, and alfo fupplying them duly 

 with water. When their flowers appear, if any fhould 

 prove fingle, the plants fhould bedefliroyed, and then 

 thofe in pots may be removed to the court where the 

 ..feveral varieties, being interniixed with other annual 

 plants, afford an agreeable variety. 

 Thefe plants have a flrong difagreeable fcent, efpe- 

 cially when handled, for which reafon tiiey are not 

 fo greatly eileemed for planting near habitations , but 

 the flowers of the fweet-fcented forc, being more 

 agreeable, arc generally preferred, efpecially for plant- 

 ing in fmall gardens. ■ , ^ 

 Thq third fort grows naturally in Chili in the Spanifh 

 Weft-Indies. This is a plant of taller growth than 

 either of the former. The ftalk is fingle, ere£b, and 

 branches a little toward the top; it rifes about ten 

 feet high ; the branches grow ered. The leaves are 

 narrower than either of the other. The foot-ftalks 

 of the flowers are fcaly and ftand ereft, clofe to the 

 ftalk ; thefe fuftain three or four fmall white flowers, 

 which appear very late in autumn, fo that unlefs it is 

 kept in a glafs-cafe the feeds will not ripen here. This ' 

 plant has very little beauty, fo is only preferved for 

 the fake of variety. 



The fourth fort rifes with an upright ftalk about two 

 feet high, fending out a few branches toward the top, 

 garniftied with heart-fhaped leaves ftanding ijpon long 

 flender foot-ftalks; thofe'on the lower part of the 

 ftalk are two inches and a half long, and one and a 

 half broad toward their bafe, ending in very acute 

 points, being in fhape like thofe of the black Poplar, - 

 rouch to the touch, and are flightly crenaced on their 

 edges ; the branches and ftalks are each terminated by 

 one large yellow flower ftanding upon a long naked 

 foot-ftalk. The empalement of the flower is fhort ; 

 the leaves of which it is compofed are oblong and 

 oval, drawing to a point. The female florets, which 

 compofe the rays or border, are much longer than 

 the empalement. The hermaphrodite florets in the 

 . diflc or middle are equal ; they are of a deep yellow 

 colour, and make a good appearance, for the flowers 

 are double. This plant was difcovered by the late Dr. 

 Houftoun growing naturally at La Vera Cruz in New 

 Spain, from whence he fent the feeds to England. 

 . The two laft forts are not fo hardy as the former, fo 

 the feeds of thefe Ihould be fown eariier in the fpring 

 upon a good hot-bed, and when the plants are fit to 

 remove, they fhould be tranfplanted on a frefh hot- 

 bed, at about three inches diftance each way, ob- 

 ferving to fhade them from the fun till they have ta- 

 ken new root, then they fhould be treated in the fame 

 way as the Amaranthus, and other tender annual 

 plants, being careful not to draw them up weak ; 

 when they have fpread fo as to meet each other, they 

 Ihould be taken up with balls of earth to their roots, 

 and planted in pots with light rich earth, and plunged 

 into a hot-bed under a deep frame, where the planes 



13 A ^ may 



