T H A 



tiloll any foil or fituation, provided it be not too hot 

 and dryi but moit of them creep fo iiiuch under 

 ground, as to become very troublefome in a garden, 

 jbr which reafon there are but few of the forts ad- 

 mitted into gardens. The third, fifth, and fixth forts ^ _ 

 are frequencty cultivated in the gardens. The roots full of pith, having one leaf at each joint, fliaped like 



T H 



root of this fort is large, thick, and of a dark colour 

 without. The leaves are very thick, and hairy on 

 their under fide ; they fpread circularly on the ground, 

 and are divided into broad hairy lobes, Ihe ftaiks 

 rife four or five feet high ; they are large, jointed, and 



of thefe do not creep like the otliers, and their flowers 

 have fome beauty to recomniend chem, but the others 

 are only kept in botanic gardens for the fake of vari- 

 ety i therefore when they are admitted, their roots 



thofe at the bottom, but are fmaller as they arcnearci 

 the top. The ftalk is terminated by a large umbel 



and the feeds ripen about two months after. 



J 



Ihould be confined in pots, otherwife they cannot be I The third fort grows naturally in Italy and Spain. Tlie 



kept within bounds. 

 THAPSIA. Tourn. Infl:. R. H. 321. tab. 171. Lin.^ 



leaves of this fort are cut into many narrow fcgm^ents, 

 almoft as fmall as thofe of the garden Carrot, but are 



Gen. Plant. 323. [fo called of the ifland of Thapfus, I rough and hairy ; their fegments are always oppofite, 

 where it grew in plenty.] The deadly Carroty or I and are narrower at their bafe than their points. Th.e 

 fcorching Fennel.- 



The Characters are, 



// has tin umbellaled flo 



'^er 



UJ 



the general umbel is large^ 



ftaiks rife about two feet high, and are terminated by 

 thefe are fucceeded by flat bordered feeds which ripen 



and compofed of about twenty rays which are nearly equal ; the beginning of September. 



thefe have no invclucri -, the general umbel is uniform. The fourth fort grows naturally in Apulia. The root 



The flowers have five fpear-fhaped incurved petals^ and 



five hair 'like jlamina the length of the petals^ terminated 



by fingle fummits. It has an oblong ger men fituatcd undir 



the flower^ fupporting two floort flyles crowned by obtufe 



Jligmas. The germcn afterward becomes an oblong fruity 



of this is about the thicknefs of a man's thumb ; the 

 bark is yellow and wrinkled, the infide white, and 

 abounds with an acrid milky juice; the leaves are 

 finely divided like thofe of Fennel, they are hairy, 

 and fit clofe to the root. The ftalk rifes from two to 



girt with a longitudinal membrane dividing into two parts^ three feet high ; it is naked, and branches into two or 

 each containing one oblong feed^ pointed at both ends, hav~ three ftaiks, each being terminated by a fmall umbel 



ing plain borders on both fides. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion J 



of flowers, which are large, yellow, and appear in 



laginous borders, which ripen in September. 



The fifth fort grows naturally in North America. 



The feeds were fent me by Dr. Benfel from Philadel- 



of Linnsus's fifth clafs, which contains thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have five ttamina and two ftyles. 



The Species are, 



Thapsia {Villofa) foliolis dentatis villofis bafi coadu- I phia. This hath a flender tap root, which is fliaped 



natis. Hort. Cliff. 105. Scorching Carrot with in- \ like thofe of Parfley ; the leaves at the bottom arc 



dented hairy lobes^ which are joined at their bafe. Thap- I heart-fliaped. The ftalk is fingle and does not branch ; 



fia latifolia villofa. C. B. P. 148. Broad-leaved, hairy, \ it rifes near two feet high, is of a purple colour, and 



. fcorching Fennel. 



2. Thapsia {Maxima) foliis pinnatis, foliolis latiflimis 



, pinnatifidis fubtus villofis petiolis decurrentibus. 



Scorching Carrot with wingedjmvesy having very broad 

 wing-pointed lobes, which are hairy on their under fide. 



flender ; this is garniflied at each joint with one tri- 



,foliate leaf, whofe lobes are oval and crenated. The 



ftalk is terminated by a fmall umbel of purple flowers 



.which appear in July, and are fucceeded by comprefT- 



ed channelled feeds which ripen in September. Dr. 



and running foot'Jialks.^ ;T^zY^t\z maxima, latiflimo fo- I Gronovius thinks this plant very like that which is fi- 





lie. G. B» P. '14S.' The greatefi fcorching Fennel with a 

 .^verylroad leaf - - ri 



3. Thapsia {Fcetida) foliolis multifidis bafi anguftatis. 

 Hort.J^TJiff. 105. Scorching Carrot with many-pointed 

 lobes ^ ivhich are narrowed at thj^irbafe. -Thapfia Ca- 

 rotae folio. I. B. 3. p. 187. Scorching Fennel with a 

 Carrot leaf, 



4. Thapsia {Apulia^ foliis digitatis, foliolis bipinnatis 



Scorching Carrot 



^ 



multifidis fetaceis. Plort. Cliff; 106. 

 with many-pointed, hand-fhaped, briftly lobes. 

 tenuiore folio Apulia. Tourn. Inft. 322. 

 leaved fcorching Fennel of Apulia. 



Thapfia 



Narrow- 



w- 4 



* ; 



-■- 



gured by Kempfer, by the title of Nindzi. 

 Tfie^ fixth fort grows naturally in Apulia : this hath a 

 large taper root ; the leaves fpread circularly near the 

 ground ; thele are divided into feveral lobes, which 

 are divided into many very large lucid lobes, ftanding 

 alternately on fliort foot-ftalks : the ftalk rifes near 

 eight feet high, and is terminated by an umbel of yel- 

 low flowers, which appear in July, and are fucceed- 

 ed by bordered compreflTed feeds which ripen in Sep- 

 tember. 



Thefe plants are all of them propagated by feeds, 

 which fhould be fown in autumn ; for if they are kept 

 out of the ground till fpring, they often mifcarry, or 

 if they grow, they commonly lie a whole year in the 



-:»_ f ■ 



5, Thapsia (Trifoliata) foliis ternatis ovatis. Lin. Sp. 

 plant. 262.^ Scorching Carrot with oval trifoliate leaves. 



Siurn folio infimo cordato, caulinis ternatis, omnibus I ground before the plants come up; whereas thofe 

 crenatis. Flor. Virg. 31. Water Parfnep with heart- \ feeds which are fown in autunhn, generally grow the 

 fhaped leaves, thofe on the fialks trifoliate^ and all of 

 them crenated. ' ' ■ '- 



following fpring, Thefe ftiould be fown in drills, in 

 the place where they are defigned to remain. The 



6. Thapsia {Altiffima) foliis decompofitis, lobis maxi- drills fhould beat leaft three feer and a half afunder, 

 mis lucidis,umbella maxima. The talleft fcorching Car- \ becaufe the plants fpread their leaves very wide. 



rot with decompounded leaves, having very large lucid I When 



f lobes, and great umbels. Thapfia montana, omnium I be carefully cleared from weeds ; and where they are 



-inaxima, foliis lobatis. Hort. Pif i6ji^. Thehrgefi\ too clofe together, fome of them Ihould be drawn 



out to give room for the others to grow, but at this 



time they need not be left more than two or three 



inches apart; for the firft year when the plants arife 



Ihape of a Carrot, which has an outward blackifti fkin •, from feeds, they make but flow progrefs, except the 



the infide is white, bitter, and very acrid, with a little | fixth fort, which will require more room; fo the au- 



* aromatic tafte. The leaves are winged ; the lobes are 



mountain fcorching Carrot with broad lobes. ■ 

 r.The firft fort grows naturally in Spain, Portugal, and 

 the fouth of France ; this hath a thick flefliy root in 



* ' 



•c 



i thick, hairy, and indented; they are regularly cut 

 into oppofite fegments like other winged leaves. The 



..ftalk is fpungy, and rifes about two feet high, di- 

 viding upward into two or three fmall branches, each 



. being terminated by a large umbel of yellow flowers. 

 Thefe appear in June, and are fucceeded by large, 

 flat, bordered feeds which ripen in Auguft. : ; - 

 The fecond fort grows naturally in Spain, and all over 



'. Old Caftile, tjuite to the Pyrenean mountains. The 



1 - 



• V 



--1 



"'- fc 



- - *--^ 



- * 



- i 





tumn following the remaining part of the plants may- 

 be taken up, leaving thofe which are defigned to re- 

 main about eighteen inches afunder -, and thofe 

 plants which are taken up may be traniplantcd into 

 another bed, if they are wanted. After the firft year 

 thefe plants will require no farther care, but to keep 

 them clear from weeds ; and every fpring, juft before 

 the plants begin to pufli out new leaves, the ground 

 fhould be carefully dug between the plants to loofea 

 ^it, but the roots muft not be injured, left it Jhould 



caufe 



\' 



-*« 



--* 



< 



