OR 



This tree grows naturally near Carthagena in Anle- 

 rica, from whence the late Dr. Houttoun fent the 

 feeds to England : in its native place this grows to a 

 tree of large fize. The bark is very thick, rough, 

 and of a brown colour ; the branches fpread out wide 

 on every fide, and are garnifhed with winged leaves, 

 compofed of feveral oblong oval lobes placed alter- 

 nately along the foot-ftalk, terminated by an odd one \ 

 thefe are four inches long, and two broad in the mid- 

 dle J they are rounded at both ends, but run out to 

 an acute point at the top j they' arc fmooth, of a 

 ligl^t green colour, and fit dole to the foot-fl:alk. 

 The flowers are produced in fmall bunches at the 

 ivings'of the branches, each {landing upon a (lender 

 foot-ftalk almoft an inch long-, their empalemenis 

 are of the round bell-fhape, being of one leaf, which 

 is nightly fcallopped at the brim into five obtufe parts. 

 The flower has four narrow petals of a yellow colour,. 

 which are a little longer than the empalement, and 

 one more whofe tail is of the fame len^-th of the other 

 {)etals, and the top is of an oval heart-fliape, ftretch- 

 ed out beyond the other parts ; it has ten fhort fta- 

 mina within the tube of the flower, which are termi- 

 nated by oblong ereft fummits of a fulphur colour, 

 and at the bottom of the tube is fituated a roundifh 

 germen, having a very ftiort ftyle, crowned by an 

 acute-pointed ftigma. After the flower is paft, the 

 germen turns to a roundifli fruit the fize of a large 

 Pea^ divided ihto four cells, each containing one ob- 

 long oval leed. 



This tree is propagated by feeds, which muft be 

 {)rocured from the country where it grows naturally, 

 and Ihould be frefh, otherwife they will not grow. 

 "When they are gathered from the tree, they fliould 

 be put up in fand to preferve them, for when they 

 are fent over in papers, the infefts naturally devour 

 therh; Thefe feeds muft be fown in pots filled with 

 light earth as foon as they arrive, and plunged into 

 the tart* If It ftiould happen in autumn or winter, 

 they muft be plunged in the ftove, but in fpring or 

 fummer, they may be plunged in the tan-bed under 

 a frame ; they fliould be taken out of their covers, 

 othervnfe they will be long in the ground before they 

 vegetate. When the plants come up and are fit to 

 remove, they (hould be carefully tranfplanted, each 

 into a feparate pot, and plunged into a good hot-bed 

 of tanners bark, ftiading them from the fun till they 

 have taken new root i after which they ftiould be 

 treated in the fame way as the Coffee-tree, with which 

 management the plants will fucceed. - 

 *rOMENTUM is that foft downy 



90 



-l'-*V 



fubftance 



which grows on the leaves of fome plants. 

 TORDYLIUM. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 320. tab. 170. 

 Lin. Gen. Plant. I93. Hartwort. 



The Characters are, 

 // hath dn umhetlated flower ; the principal timhetis com- 

 pofed of many fmall ones^ which are compounded of many 

 rays •, the involucrum of the greater umbel is compofed of 

 narrow leaves^ and is frequently as long as the rays of the 

 umbel ; thofe of the rays are half the length ; the umbels 

 are difformed. The flowers have five heart-fhaped inflexed 

 petals which are equal \ they have each five hair-like ft a^ 

 mina terminated by fingle fummits^ and a roundiffj germen 

 fttuated under the flower ^ fupporting two fmall ftyles^ 

 crowned by obtufe fligmas. The germen aftertOard turn 

 to a roundiflj compreffed fruit longitudinally indented, di- 

 viding in two parts, each containing one roundifh com- 

 preffed feed with an indented border.^ 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion 

 of Linn^us's fifth clafs, which contains thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have five ftamina and two ftyles. 



The Species are, 



1. ToRDYLiuM (iW^x/w/w;-^) umbellis confertis radiatis, 



foliolis lanceolatis incifo-ferratis. Hort. Clifl^. 90. 

 Hartwort with the rays of the umbel clofed together, and 

 the lobe of the leaves fpear-fhaped, and cut like faws, 

 Tordylium maximum. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 320. The 



' grcateft Hartwort. 



2. Tordylium {Officinale) involucris partialibus longi- 

 tudine florum, foliolis ovatis laciniatis. Hort. Clifi: 



tlariwort loith the i}roohicrHms of the rays as long 

 as the flowers, and cval jagged leaves. Tordylium Nar- 

 bonenfe minus. Tourn, Inft. 320. Small IlariwQrt 



3. Tordylium (Syriacum) involucris urhbelli longiori- 

 bus. Hort. Clift*. 90. Hartwort with knger in-jolucrums 

 to the mnbels. Tordylium minus, limbo granulate 

 Syriacum. Mor. Umb. 37. Smaller Syrian Hartwort, 

 with the borders of the feeds granulated. 



4. Tordylium {Apulum) umbellulis remotis, foliispin- 

 natis, pinnis fubrotundis laciniatis. Hort. Cliff. 90. 

 Hartwort with the umbels growing at a diftance, and 

 winged leaves having roundiflj lobes, which are cut on their 

 edges, Tordylium Apulum minimum. Col. Ecph, 122. 

 The leaji Hartwort of Jpulia. 



5. Tordylium {Secacul) umbellulis remotis, foliis du* 

 plicato-pinnatis, pinnis incifis tomentofis, Hartwort 

 whofe umbels are diftant from each other, and doubly* 

 winged leaves whofe lobes are cut and downy, Tordyli- 

 um Orientale, Secacul Arabum diftum. Rawvolfio. 

 NifiTol. Eaftern Hartwort, by the Arabians called SecacuU 



6. Tordylium {Nodofum) umbellis fimplicibus feffili- 

 bus, feminibus exterioribus hifpidis; Lin. Gen^ Plant. 



240. Hartwort with ftngle umbels to theftalks, and th6 

 outer fide of the feeds prickly, Caucalis nodofio echi- 

 nato femine. C. B. P. Knotted Parfley^ 



7. Tordylium {Anthrifcus) umbellis confertisj foliolis 

 ovato-lanceolatis pinnatifidis. Hort. Cliff. 90. Hart- 

 wort with clofed umbels, and oval, fpear-fhaped, wing- 

 pointed lobes. Caucalis femine afpero, flofculis ruben- 

 tibus. C. B. P. Hedge Farfleywith a rough feed, and a 



reddifh fiowef. 



8. Tordylium {Latifoliu.n) umbellis confertis nudiuf-* 

 culis, foliis pinnatis, foliolis lanceolatis incifo-ferratis. 

 Lin. Sp. Plant. 345. Hartwort with naked umbels of 

 flowers, and winged leaves whofe lobes are fpear-fhaped and 

 flawed. Caucalis arvcnfis echinata latifolia. C. B. P. 



152. Broad-leaved wild Parfiey with rough feeds. 

 The firft fort grows in Italy and Spain ; this is a bi- 

 ennial plant, which dies foon after it has perfedled its 

 feedsi The lower leaves of this fort are large and 

 winged, each having three or four pair of lobes ter- 

 minated bv an odd one. The lobes are about three 

 inches long, and one broad in the middle •, they are 

 rough and hairy, having many deep indentures on 

 their edges like the teeth of a faw ; the ftalk rifes 

 three or four feet high, fending out two or three 

 branches from the fide, garniflied at each joint by one 

 winged leaf; thofe on the lower part of the ftalk 

 have two pair of. fmall lobes terminated by an odd 

 one^ but thofe toward the top have one pair, and the 

 middle lobe Is long and narrow. The llalk and 

 branches are terminated by umbels of white flowers, 

 whofe rays are clofed together ; thefe are fucceeded by 

 oval comprefled feeds^ having a thick white border* 

 It flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen in 

 Auguft or September* 



The fecond fort grows plentifully about Rome, and 

 alfo in the fouth of France -, this is mentioned in the 

 laft edition of Ray's Synopfis as an Englifli plant, 

 growing naturally in Oxfordftiire, where I have 

 found it growing on the fide of banks ; but the feed^ 

 were fown there by Mn Jacob Bobart, gardener at 

 Oxford. The leaves of this fort are compofed of 

 three or four pair of oval lobes terminated by an odd 

 one ; they are foft and hairy, about one inch long, 

 and three quarters broad, bluntly indented on their 

 edges. The ftalks rife a foot and a half high, and 

 divide into three or four branches -, thefe have one 

 fmall leaf at each joint, and are terminated by um- 

 bels of white flowers, compofed of feveral fmall um* 

 bels or rays, which ftand upon long foot-ftalks, 

 fpreading out wide from each other. The flowers 

 are fucceeded by fmaller comprclTed feeds which are 



bordered* 



The third fort grows naturally in Syria ; this is a low 



plant, whofe ftalks feldom rife a foot high. The 



lower leaves are compofed of two pair of oval lobes 



terminated by a large one ■, thefe are hairy, and ilight- 



!y crenated on their edges ; they branch out into two 



or 



