T R 



good for ull kinds of tumours and fwellings, to which 

 purpofe the farina or powder is very effectual. Far- 

 riers and grooms make much ufe of it in drinks for 

 horfes ; but thefe feeds are too hard to be pounded 

 in a mortar, fo they fhoukl be ground in a mill, 

 TRILLIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 412. Solanum. C. 

 B. P. American Herb Paris. 



The Characters are, 

 Theflo^u:er has a three-leaved fpreading 

 is permanent, and three oval petals which are very little 

 larger than the erapalcment ; // has ftx awl-Jloaped fta- 

 rnina --jjhich are Jhorter than the petals, ere£l, and ter- 

 minated by oblong ftwimits it^hich are the length of thefta- 

 inina, and a roundifr germen with three JlerJer ftyles 



'^'^mas. The ger- 



R 



b 



by Jingle ft 



> 



men afterward becomes a roundifh berry with three cells, 

 filled with roundtfp feeds. , ^ , r c- c 



This genus of plants is ranged m tne third fedtion or 

 Linnatus's fixth clafs, which includes thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have fix ftamina and three ftyles. 

 The Species are, 



1. Trillium {Cernuum) flore pedunculato cernuo. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 339. Trillium with a nodding flower growing 

 upon afootftalk. Solanum Triphyllum, flore hexape- 

 talo carneo. Catefl^. Car. vol. i. p. 45. Three-leaved 

 Nightfhade, with a flefto-coloured flower having ftx petals. 



2. Trillium {Ere^um) flore pedunculato eredo. Lin. 



Sp. Plant. 340 



upon afootftalk 



3 



lyllum Car 

 Nightjhade 



(Sejftle) flore feffili erefto. Lin 



340. Trillium with an ereSl flower having no foot-ftalk. 

 Solanum triphyllum flore hexapetalo tribus petalis 

 purpureis, casteris viridibus reflexis. Catefb. Car. i. 

 p. 50. Three-leaved American Nightfl^ade with a flower 

 ef fix petals, three of which are purple-coloured^ and the 



other green and reflexed. 



Thefe plants grow naturally in the woods in many 

 parts of North America \ the firft was fent me from 

 Philadelphia by Dr. Benfel, who found it growing in 

 plenty there. The root of this plant is tuberous, 

 fending out many fibres ; the ftalk is fingle, naked, 

 and rifes five or fix inches high, with three oval leaves 

 placed at the top upon fhort foot-ftalks, which fpread 

 out in a triangle •, thefe are two inches long, and an 

 inch and a half broad, fmooth, and of a deep green 

 colour. From the center of the foot-ftalks of the 

 three leaves comes out one flower upon a fliort foot- 

 ftalk, which nods downward •, this has a three-leaved 

 green empalement which fpreads open, and within 

 are three petals about the fize of the empalement; 

 they are of a whitilh green on their outfide, and pur- 

 ple within, having fix ftamina in the center, furround- 

 ing the ftyle, which have oblong fummits. The 

 flowers' of this appear in April, and are fucceeded by 

 roundifh fucculent berries, haying three cells filled 

 with roundifti feeds, which ripen, in J 

 The fecond fort has a taller ftalk than the firft. 



The 



three leaves are placed at a diftance from the flower^ 

 which ftands upon a long foot-ftalk, and is ereft-, the 

 petals of the flower are larger, and end with fliarper 



points. - r : 



The third fort grows in fhady thickets in Carolina. 

 " The ftalk of this is purple; the three leaves grow at 



firft 



end in acute points • the petals of the flowers are long, 

 narrow, and ftand ereft. 



Thefe plants are propagated by feeds, which fhould 

 be fown upon a fhady border foon after they are ripe, 

 and then the young plants will come up the next 

 fpring ; but if the feeds are fown in the fpring, they 



When 



will remain in the ground a year. 

 conie up they muft be kept clean from weeds, and 

 in autumn, after their leaves decay, the roots may 

 be tranfplanted to a moift fhady place, where they are 



to remain. 



M 



»-.*- »-^- 



permum. Dillen. 

 t'alfe Ipecacuana. ' 



Weed 



J 





- 1 





The Ci! A P.AC r:.us arc, 



The fl.ower has a perm.rr^ent eripahment of one Icaf^ cut 

 into five fegment ziHch are the length of the petal , und 

 a tubulous flower of one petal, with a f?crt brim cut into 

 flve parts which fland ere5f ; and five f.endtt f.amina the 

 length of the tube, teryniyiated by oblong fummits, ijith a 

 rcundifh germen fupportlng a cylindrical ftyle, crowned by 

 a thick ftigma. The germen afterward becomes an oval 

 berry with three cells, each including one hard, three-cor- 

 nered, obtufe feed. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feflion of 

 Linnitus's fifth clafs, which includes thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have five ftamina and one ftyle. 

 The Species are, 



1. Triosteum i^Perfoliatum) fioribus verticillatis fefTi- 

 libus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 176. Triofteum with flowers 

 growing in whorls, and fitting clofe to the ftalks. Tri- 

 ofteofpermum latiore folio, flore rutilo. Hort. Elth, 

 Broad-leaved Tricfteofper mum with a reddijh flower, com- 

 monly called Dr. Tinkar^s Weed, or falfe Ipecacuana. 



2. Triosteum {Angufti folium) fioribus oppofitis pedun- 

 culatis. Lin. Sp. Plant, 175. Triofteum with flowers 

 growing cppofite, having fcct-ftalks, Periclymenum 

 herbaceum redtum Virginianum. Pluk. Aim. 287. 

 Upright, herbaceous, Virginian Honeyfuckle. 



The firft fort grows naturally in the woods in moft 

 parts of North America •, this has a root compofed of 

 thick flelhy fibres, which are contored and rough, 

 from which fpring feveral ftrong herbaceous ftalks, 

 ■ rifing a foot and a half high, garniftied at each joint 

 by tvv'o oblong broad leaves embracing the ftalk. 

 From the bofoms of thefe come out the flowers in 

 whorls, fitting very clofe to the ftalks ; thefe have em- 

 palements which are cut into five ferments. ' The 

 flowers arc fmall, tubulous, and cut nightly at the 

 brim into five obtufe fegments ; they arc of a dark 

 red colour, inclining to purple; thefe appear the be- 

 ginning of June, and are fucceeded by roundi(h ber- 

 ^ries, which turn yellow when ripe; they have three 

 cells, in each of which is contained one hard feed. 

 The root is perennial, but the ftalks decay every 





'- ; 



■V ' 



autumn. 





The fecond fort difi^ers from the firft in its leaves be- 

 ing longer an3 narrower. The flowers ftand fingle 

 upon fhort fbot-ftalksV and there are but two at each 

 joint, whereas the other has many growing in whorls 

 round the ftalks ; but the roots of both are indiffe- 

 rently ufed in America by the title of Dr. Tinkar's 

 Weed. _; 



Both thefe plants^ are natives of New EngTand, Vir- 

 - ginia, and fome other northern parts of America, 

 where their roots have been frequently ufed as an 



- emetic, andi are comrnonly called Ipecacuana. One 

 of the firft perfons who brought their roots into ufe 



'; was Dr. Tinkar, from whence many of the inhabitants 

 have called them by the name of Dr. Tinkar's Weed. 

 The leaves of the firft fort greatly refemble thofe of 



* the true Ipecacuana, but the roots are of a different 

 form ; but fo far as I can judge by the imperfeft 

 fruit of a fpecimen in my coUeftion of the true Ipe- 

 cacuana, as alfo by the figure and defcription given 

 by Pifo in his Hiftory of Brafil, it feems to belong to 



this genus. . ^ 



The firft fort grows on low marfhy grounds, near Bof- 

 ton in New England, very plentifully, where the roots 

 are taken up every year, and are continued in ule 

 amongft the inhabitants of Bofton. 

 This plant is preferved in feveral curious gardens in 

 England, and is hardy enough to thrive in the open 

 air, but it ftiould be planted on a moift light foil ; 

 for if it is on dry ground, there muft be care taken to 

 water the plants conftantly in dry weather, otherwife 

 they will not thrive. It may be propagated by feeds, 

 which ftiould be fown on a border of light earth, where 

 the morning fun only comes on it ; but if the feeds 

 are fown in the fpring, they will remain in the ground 

 a whole year before the plants will come up, fo that 

 during this time the border muft be conftandy kept 

 clear from weeds ; and the following fpring, when 

 . ~ - ^ the 



fiM * 



' \ 



