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leaves are oblong. 



feet high ; the lower part is garniflied with fmaller 

 leaves of the fame fhape with thofe below j the upper 

 pare is garnifhed with pale yellow flowers difpofed in a 

 looie fpikc, having fmall leaves intermixecf with the 

 flowers the whole length. This flowers and ripens its 

 feeds about the fame time with the former. 

 The fiftli fort has oval leaves which terminate in a' 

 point ; they are of a yellowifti green colour, and woolly 

 on both fides. The flialks rife about four feet high ; 

 they are of a purplifti colour, covered with a hoary 

 down. The flowers fit very clofe to the fl:alk, form- 

 ing a very thick fpike, having no leaves between 

 them -, they are much larger than thofe of the'firft 

 fort, and are of a deeper yellow colour- It flowers 

 and ripens its feeds about the fame time as the former. 

 The fixth fort grows naturally in feveral parts of 

 England. The lower leaves of this are fpear-ihaped, 

 and rounded at the foot-ftalk,' where they are indented 

 like a heart ; they are of a pale green on their upper 

 fide, and hoary on their under, indented on their edges ; 

 thofe upon the ft;alk are oblong, acute-pointed, and 

 fawed.- The ftalks rife three or four feet high, the 

 upper part ending in' a long fpike of yellow flowers, 

 Wiiich are formed in fhort fpikes or cldfters on the 

 fide of the principal fl:alk ; thefe have purplifla fta- 

 mina which are bearded •, they have an agreeable 

 odour at a fmall diflrance, but, if fmelt too near, be- 

 come lefs ao-reeable. 



The ieventh fort grows naturally in Italy and Greece, 

 and alio upon the rocks at Gibraltar. The lower 



finuated on their borders, a little 

 waved and hoary. The fl:alk rifes four or five-feet 

 high, fending out many Oender branches ; the lower 

 parr of the ftalk is garniflied with heart-Ihaped leaves, 

 whofe bafe embrace the flialkj the upper part of the 

 ftalk and branches have no leaves, but the flowers are 

 difpofed along their fides in fmall clufl:ers at difl:ancesj 

 they are fmall, yellow, and have little odour. , . 

 The eighth fort grows naturally in the fouth of France 

 and Italy. The leaves of this are oblong, fmooth, 

 and of a dark green colour j the ftalk rifes three or four 

 feet high, and fends out two or three fide branches'; 

 they are garniflied with oblong, fmooth, green leaves, 

 whofe bafe embrace the ftalk. The flowers come out 

 fingly from the fide of the ftalk, upon foot-ftalks an 

 inch long; thev have one petal, cut into five obtufe 

 fegments alriioft to the tottom ; thejy are white within, 

 and have a little blufti of red"on TJie" oiitfide : the 

 feed-vefl"els of this fort are round, and filled with 

 fmall feeds. This flowers at ouTthe fame- time as the 

 former forts. 



The ninth fort grows naturally in fome parts of Eng- 

 land •, this difi-'ers from the former, in the lower leaves 

 being much longer ; they are alfo deeply finuated on 

 their edges, in a regular manner, in imitation of the 

 tangemcnt of the lobes of winged leaves ; they are of 

 a brighter green colour than thofe of the former. The 

 ftalks rife much taller ; the flowers are of a bright yel- 

 low colour, and tRe ftamina, which are hairy, are of 

 a purple colour. 

 The 



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tenth fort is commonly cultivated in gardens 

 here, and is commonly known by the title of Iron- 

 coToured Moth Mullein ; this has a perennial root, in 

 which it differs from all the former forts, though there 

 are fome who fuppofe it to be only a variety of the laft 

 mentioned, tut it differs greatly from that in other 

 tefpefts. The bottom leaves are oblong, oval, a little 

 crenated on their edges, but are almoft entire; tliey are 

 of a dark green on their upper fide, of a pale green on 

 their under fide, ftanding upon pretty long foot-ftalks. 

 The ftalk rifes three or four feet high, branchingout 

 on each fide, and has a few (harp-pointed fmall leaves 

 on. the lower part, fitting dole to the ftalk, ; The 

 flowers are difpofed in a longloofe fpike on the upper 

 part of the ftalk ; they come out upon fhort flender 

 foot-ftrtlks, three or four from the lower joints ; above 

 thofe there are two at each joint, and at the top they 

 are finglc.; thefe are of one petal, cut almoft to the 

 bottom irtto five obtufe fegments, and are of a rufty 



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iron colour, but are larger than thofe of tlie commo'rl 

 lort. This plant flowers in July and Auguft, but 

 does not produce feeds here. 



The eleventh fort grows naturally in Sicily, from 

 whence the leeds were fent me ; this is a biennial plant, 

 which penflies foon after the feeds are ripe. The lower 

 leaves of this are ten inches long, and two inches and 

 a half broad, rounded at their points ; they are en- 

 ure, and of a deep green on both fides. The ftalk is 

 ftrong, and rifes five or fix feet high ; it is garniflied 

 with fmall, acute-pointed, green leaves, whofe bafe fits 

 clofe to it. The flowers form a very long loofe fpike 

 at the top ; they ftand upon flender foot-ftalks, which 

 come out in clufters from the fide of the ftalk ; they 

 are large, of a deep yellow colour, and are fucceeded 

 . by large round capfules which are brown, opening in 

 two parts, and filled with fmall dark-coloured feeds. 

 It flowers in July and Auguft. 



The twelfth fort grows naturally in Spain r,nd Portu- 

 gal. The root of this is perennial ; the leaves arc 

 oval, and of a light green colour ; they are entire, 

 and a little hairy ; the ftalk rifes three feet high, and . 

 is almoft naked of leaves, but the flowers arc ranged 

 along it almoft the whole length, {landing upon ftiorc 

 foot-ftalks, which for the moft part come out finglc. 

 The flowers are of a dark blue inclining to purple; 

 thefe appear in June and July, but are not fuccceded 

 by feeds here. 



The thirteenth fort grows naturally upon the Alps 

 and Pyrenean Mountains ; this is a very humble planu 

 The roots of this are compofed of flender fibres ; the 

 leaves are thick, flefliy, and hairy ; they are oval, 

 crenated on [their edges, and have compreflcd hairy 

 foot-ftalks ; thefe are fpread flat on the ground. Be- 

 tween them arife flender naked foot-ftalks about four 

 inches long, which divide into three or four fmall ones 

 at the top, each fuftaining one large blue flower, 

 compofed of five oval petals which fpread open flat^ 

 and five thick ereft ftamina which ftand ereft. This 

 flowers in May, and, after the flowers are paft, the 

 germen turns to an oblong-pointed capfule which 

 opens in two parts, and is filled with fmall feeds. 

 The root of this is perennial, and the plant is ufu- 

 ally propagated by offsets, which come out from the 

 fide of the old plant; thefe fliould be taken off in 

 autumn, and planted in fmall pots filled with light 

 fandy earth ; they muft always have a fliady fituation, 

 for they will not thrive when they are expofed to thefgn: 

 The firft nine and the eleventh forts are tiennial - 

 plants ; thefe may be all cultivated by fowing their 

 ..feeds in Auguft, on a bed of light earth, in an open 

 fituation, where the plants will fometlmes come up 

 the fucceeding month, and will endure the winter's 

 cold very well, provided they have a dry foil. In 

 February the plants fliould be tranfplanted where 

 they are to remain, allowing them a greater diftance '; 

 for, as they grow pretty tall and large, they muft 

 not be planted nearer than two feet afunder. In 

 Tune following they will flower, and jlicir feeds will 

 be ripe in Auguft or September : as the feeds of thefe 

 plants frequently lie in tlic ground a whole year,' fo 

 the ground ftiould not be difturbed; but notwith- 

 ftanding fome of thefe plants grow wild in England, 

 yet two or three of each kind may be admitted into 

 large gardens, for the variety of their hoary leaves, 

 together with the extreme fweetnefs of their flowers, 

 which have a fcent foiTiewhat like Violet ; and, as 

 they require little care, they may _be allowed a place 

 in the borders of large gardens, where, during their 

 continuance in flower, they will add to the variety j 

 and, if their feeds are permitted to fcatter, will come' 

 up without care, but the feventh fort feldom produces 

 good feeds in England. 



The tenth and twelfth forts have perennial roots, 

 and as they do not produce good feeds here, they 

 are propagated by offsets ; thefe fliould be tak^n oft' in 

 iutumn, time enough to get good root before winter, 

 otherwife they will not flower the following fummer; 

 Thefe plants thrive beft in a fandy loam, and fliould 



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