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fruit, the expence and trouble being the fame for ten 

 or twelve bunches of Grapes, as it will be for a hun- 

 dred or more. 



Thefe Vines Ihould not be forced every year, but 

 with good management they may be forced every 

 other year, though it would be better if it were done 

 only every third year ; therefore, in order to have a 

 fupply ot fruit annually, there fhould be a fufficient 

 quantity of walling built to contain as many Vines as 

 will be neceffary for two or three years, and by mak- 

 ing_ the frames^ in front moveable, they may be 

 fhifted from one 'part of the wall to another, as the 

 Vines are alternately forced ; therefore I would ad- 

 ^ vife about forty feet length of walling to be each year 

 ' forced, which is as much as one fire will heat j and 

 when the Vines are in full bearing, will fupply a rea- 

 fonable quantity of Grapes for a middling family ; 

 but for great families, twice this length will not be 



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In mod: places where thefe hot walls have been built, 

 "they are commonly planted with Varly kinds of Grapes, 

 m order to have them early in the fcafon-, but this I 

 think is hardly worth the trouble, for it is but of 

 llctle confequence"tb have a few Grapes earlier by a 

 month or fix weeks, than thofe aeainft common walls. 



in the year, they will begin to fhoot before the wca- 

 ther will be warm enough to admit air to the Vines 

 which will caufe the young fhoots to draw out weak! 

 and thereby their joints will be too far afunder, fo 

 confequently there will be fewer Grapes on them, and 

 thofe bunches which are produced will be fmaller than 



when they have a fufficient quantity of air admitted to 

 them every day. 



If the fires are made at the time before dire6led, the 

 Vines will begin to (hoot the middle or latterend of P'e- 

 bruary, which will be fix weeks earlier than theyufually 

 come out againft the common walls, lb that by the'time 

 that other Vines are (hooting, thefe will be in Hower, 

 which will be early enough to ripen any of thefe forts 

 of Grapes perfeftly well. The fires Ihould not be 

 made very itrong in thefe walls, for if the air is heated 

 to about ten degrees above the temperate point on 

 the botanical thermometers, it will be fufficiently warm 

 to force out the (hoots leifurely, which is much bet- 

 ter than to force them violently. Thefe fires Ihould 

 not be continued all the day time, unlefs the weather 

 fliould prove very cold, and the fun does not (hine 

 to warm the air, at which times it will be proper to 

 have fmall fires continued all the day ; for where the 

 walls are rightly contrived, a moderate fire made 



therefore I Ihould ad vife, whenever a perfon is willing ; every evening, and continued till ten or eleven of 



to ho at the expence of thefe walls, that they" may be 

 planted with fome of the bell kinds of Grapes, which 

 rarely come to any perfedion in this country without 

 the alTiftanceof fome artificial heat,' of which the fol- 



lowino; forts are the moll valuable.. ^ "/ 

 . The Red Mufcat of Alexandria. 



,. i. . rf 



t 1 - 



t • 



i^V - 



' '^ \^ > 



The White Mulcat of Alexandria.' 

 The Red Frontin^c, 

 The White Frontin|C.' V 

 The Black Frbhtinaci. ' . 



jj 





* ' ^ 





^^'• 



X 





* ' ■ 



^4 ' t 



— . . » * 



> a 



- * 



. V^hM tjiq, .Vines Jvyhich are planted againft the hot 

 walls are grown to full bearing, they muft be pruned 

 and managed after the (ame riianner as hath been di- 

 refted for thofe againll common wajls, with this dif- 

 ference only, viz. that thofe feafoiis when they are 

 not forced, the Vines fhould be carefully managed in 

 the fummer for a fupply of good wood, againft the 

 'time of their being forced, fo that it will be the better 

 method to'drveft the Vines of their fruit, in order to 

 cncourase the wood; for as few of the forts will ripen 

 without'heat, it is hof worth while to leave them on 

 the Vines during the .feafon ofrefti;ig, except it be 

 the common Frontinacs, which in a good feafon will 

 ripeii without iartificial heat, but even thefe", 1 would 

 not advife many Grapes to be left on them during 

 the years of their reiling •, becaufe as the defign of 

 this is to encourage and ftrengtheh tficm, therefore 

 all poITible care Ihould be had that the young wood 

 is not robbed by overbearing ; for thole years when 

 the Vines are forced, the" joints of the young v^ood 

 are generally drawn f^uhei afunder,^ thai^ they ordi- 

 narily grow in the open air -, fo that wTien they are 

 forced two "or three years' "'fucceirively, the Vines are 

 fo much exhaufted, as not %o be recovered into a good 

 bearing ftate for fome' years, efpecially if they are 

 forced earl/in the feafon -, or where great care is not 

 taken in the fummer to let them have a proper ftiare 

 of free air, to prevent their being drawn too niuch, 

 and alfo to ripen their ihoots. Thofe years when the 

 Vines are forced, the only care Ihould be to encou- 

 rage the fruit, without having much regard to the 

 wood, fo that every fhoot fhould be pruned for fruit, 

 and none of them fliortened for a fupply of young 

 wood, becaufe they may be fo managed by pi-uning in 

 the years of their refting,* as to replenifli the Vines 

 with new Wood. Thofe Vines which are defigned for 

 forcing in the fpring, fhould be pruned early the au- 

 tumn before, that the buds which are left oh the 

 fhoots, naay receive all pofTible nourilhment from the 

 root, and at the fame time time the flioots fliould be 

 faftened to the trellis in the order they are to lie i but 

 the glalTes fhould not be placed before the Vines till 

 about the middle or end of January, at which time alfo 

 the fires muft be lighted, for if they are forced too early 



, the clock at night, will heat the wall, and warm the 

 inclofed air to a proper temperature ; and as thefe 



. fires need not be continued longer than about the end 

 of April (unlefs the fpring (hould prove very cold,) 

 fo the expence of fuel will not be very great, be- 

 caufe they rpay be contrived to burn either coal, 



;.wood, turf, or almoft any other forp of fuel; though 

 where coal is to be had reafbnable, it makes the evenefl 

 and beft fires, and will not require fo much attendancCi 

 When the Vines begin to fhoot, they mult be fre- 

 quently looked over to faften the new fhoots to the 

 trellis, and rub off all dangling Ihoots ; in doing of 

 whi^h great care muft be taken, for the (hoots of 



. thefe forced Vines are very tender, and very fubjeft 



"to break when an^ violence is offered. The fhoots 

 ihould alfo be trained very regular, fo as to lie as 

 near as poffible to the efpalier, and at equal diftances, 

 that they may equally enjoy the benefit of the air 

 and fun, which is abfolutely neceflliry for the im- 

 provement of the fruit* When the Grapes are form- 

 ed, the (hoots fhould be ftopped at the fecond joint 



"beyond the fruit, that the nourilhment may not be 



"^rawn away from the fruit jnufelefs Ihoots, which 



J^ufl be avoided as much" as p'olfible in thefe forced 

 Vines ; upon which no ufelefs wood fhould be left, 



. which will (hade the fruit, and exclude the air from it 

 by their leaves. .- . 



. As the feafon advances and, the weather becomes 



, warm, there (hould be a proportionable (hare of free 

 air admitted to the Vines every day, which is abfo- 

 lutely necelTary to promote the growth of the fruit-, 



, but the glaffes (hould be /hut clofe every night, un- 



[ lefs in very hot weather, otherwife the cold dews in 

 the night will retard the growth of the fruit. The 

 bunches of the White Frontinac (hould alfo be care- 

 fully looked over, and the fmall Grapes cut out with 

 very narrow- pointed fci(rars, in order to thin them, 

 for thefe berries grow fo clofe together on the 

 bunches, efpecially the White Frontinac, that the 



\ moifture is detained between them, which often 

 occafions their rotting, and the air being exclud- 

 ed from the middle of the bunches, the Grapes 



, never ripen equally, which by this method may be 

 remedied, if done in time; and as thefe Grapes are 

 protefted by the glaflfes from the blights which fre- 

 quently take thofe which are expofed, there will be no 

 hazard in thinning thefe Grapes foon after they are fct, 



. at which time it will be much eafier to perform this 

 operation, than when the Grapes are groU'n larger, 

 and confequently will be clofer together -, but in do- 

 ing of this the bunches muft not be roughly handled, 

 for if the drapes are the leaft bruifed, or the farina, 

 which there naturally is upon tliem, be rubbed off, 

 their (kins will harden, and turn of a brown colour. 



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