6Ug^7t to go roun'cf the w'hctl five or fix times, and'be 

 fattened at the other end Vo Oizt which is at the fide of 

 the Prefs. They employ feven or eight men "to turn 

 thi5'#h^el It is of great confequence to obferve, that 

 when there is no more than one turn and a half of 

 the rope above rhe wheel, and if there is another bag to 

 preft, th:eyfHoDld remit two or three turns of the rope 

 to the wheel to finifh the" prcffing, othcrwife they 

 would rifque the breaking of the wheel at the bot- 

 tom; and laming th'^ prefiers.- When the bag is fuf- 

 ticiently prefled, they flop the perpendicular wheel 

 for half an hour, to allow time for the wine to drain 

 off. In this fort of Prefs, there is nothing but the 

 ftandard Prefles, which is borne by the nave, and fup- 

 plics' the place of fhe- great beams wHich are in the 

 other Preffes. There oUght to Be one experienced 

 man, to whom the others ought to be obedient, to con- 

 dudi the prefTing, and to cut 

 often as it fhall need. " ' *^' 



:ut and chop the marc as 



(i --* 



'-"i 



-' 4 



I ' 



^ ■ 



The f articular pieces' of a Jltght Prefs: 



• - 



-*' 



*- J- 



The two cheeks, fixteen feet Ibng', and about eighteen 

 ' ^cr tweHty inchKthick: <::-^ -^.. -^^■- /:;;.JI--/; 



The fpindle, fifteen or fixteen feet long, and ab6ut 

 three wid'el ,"• ; ■■ •- '" 



The head-piec^, fixteeri feet Ions:, and about thirteen 

 or fourteen inches thick. ■ '■ ;' - ' ■ , - ,^y ' 



The^crbTs' timbers', fix feet long, and atwiut fix or fe- 

 vert inches thick. 



I H »» ' ' ' 



* The piles, twelve feet long, and about twelve or thfr- 



teen inches thick. '['•','. '■ -- -^ :-,-■_./ 



'i'he fcrew, kvcn or eight feet long, about thirteen 



inches" thick to the fpiral line, and fixceen inches^ at 



the bottom, firted to a'lquare ; this fhould be n6LcHed 



' in that place two inches, for placing the wheel, ^''- 



■'-The'ftandardtVelve feet and a half long, feventeenor 



' eighteen inches broad in the middle, and ten af Ihe 



ends, and eight or ten inches thick in the middl 



duced to" fix or feveri aVthe ends. -' '■• 



e, re- 





3 



I 1 -.L 



r mm 



•The rtiiddle wheeF, nine feet diarneter, and ten or ele- 

 ven inches thick. - — - - " ' ' 

 The' perpendicular wheel of an equal diameter, and 

 five or fix inches thick in every part of the timber. 

 The'axle-tfee'tcn'of eleven feet long, and eight inthes 





The falfe ftillingSi- and the pieces of maye, ought to 

 be tTie' fame as in tTie'oth'tff rrefles in every part. 

 The ftillin";^, ciq-hreen feet loner, and the fame breMth 

 and thickncfs, as in tne other Prefles/ 



.vf- 



r/ -yr^nx 



' I 



■ Tli'e nave, as ?n m d^^h' Prefies, t:hat is to fay, feven 



' 6t eight ft^t long, and five or fix inches fquare. \' ■ . 



This defcripnon of the different fans of Preffcs 



^ ■'■ "^A/hTch" afeufe'd tri Champagne, ib^^iWr With the 



*'' '^-' annexed pktes^,- v^ill', it is hoped, be fufl^cient 



"■ .--'■''to ihrtruSt a workman howtb eredl either of the 



J - 



fort^ \i€xt Exhibited. 



''^■■^» .'j^^'i/:.r* 



* 1. I 



i »-*» 



>"3 a • 



r % 



W I N T E R:- [Proghoitics of a hard Winter.} -1'The 

 ord Bacon givds thele as Iigns or forerunners of a 



- If ftone or watnfcot, that has been ufed to-lweat (as 

 ft'Ts called), be ftiore dry iii the begrririihg of winter, 



" Of the dfops df ^avcsof houfes cofne down more flowly 

 than they ufed to clo, i^ portends a hard and frofty 



• WiriteV; -The f BTon li; thkePiMliews an ihdinafion 



in tlie ail* i^o dfy weather, which, in the Winter time, 

 \ is always joined with fi-ort. -/ ri.-ii:^^ /. ;:^;^.^^' 

 ^~ Generally a fndif! and cool fummef 'Bef6kens'' d'Tiilrd 



- "Wirrtet likely to enfue.' The reafon is, that the va- 

 '" -pours of the earth, nof being diflipatM by t^e fun in 



• thefummer, doreboiihdupbri thd Winter, -•^-'f'; 

 A hbf atftd dry fummer, efpecially if the heat and 

 drought extend far in September, Befokehs an open 

 beginning of Winfer, and cold tb" fucWtd tbwards the 



' fetter part of the Winter, and in the beginning of the 



fpring •, for all that time the former heat and drought 



■ bear the fway, and the vapours are not fuificiently 



< ^4 i: 



.- -. .4 , - 



multiplied. 



An open and warm Winter portends a hot and dry 



fummer j for the vapours difperfe into the Winter 



W 



N 



fiiowers ; whereas cold and froO: keep them in, and 

 tranlport them into the late fpring and fummer fol- 



lowing. 



The country people have made this obfervation, that 

 thofe years in which thereare ftoreof Haws and Heps, 

 comiTionly portend cold Winters; the natural caufe 

 ,of this may be the want of heat, and abundance of 

 moifture, in the fummer preceding, which puts "forth 

 ■' thofe fruits, and muft of neceffity leave a great quan- 

 ' "^ify of CQld vapours' undiffipa:ed, which caufes the 



cold of the follov.Mng Winter. 



' ' 



When birds lay up Haws and Sloes, and other ffores, 

 in old nefts, and hollow trees, it is a fign of a hard 

 Winter approaching. • • 



'■If fowls; Qtliirds, v/hich ufed at certain feafons to 

 'Change countries, come earlier than the ufua! time, 



{-they fh'ewtfie temperature of the weather, accordino- 



Win 



-, ter birds, fieldfares, fnipes, woodcocks, &c. " 



■ \If they' come earlier, and out of the norLliern coun- 



'l tries, they intimate cold Winters likely to enfue'with 



- us'. .:And if it be in tfie fame country, they fliew a 

 ^ temperature of feafon, like that of the feafon in which 



- they come, as bats, cuckoos, nightingales, and fwal- 

 1g\vs, wTiTch come towards fummer, if they come early, 



' it is a fign of a hot fummer to follow. Cold dews, 

 and morning rains, about Bartholomew-tide, and hoar 

 frofts in the morning about Michaelmas, foretel a hard 

 Winter. * ' " , ' " • • . 



When {ea pyes flock from fait to frefh water, it fic^ni- 

 fiesa fudden alteration of weather to much cold, 

 WINTER AN I A. Lin. Sp. Plant. 6:!6. Winter's 



ark. '-ri-'*"' 





. - .-. <- t 



' J-V/>^ 



' J/ y -/f*'^ > / ::» 



' 



■' ■ The Characters are,:^^^ *;^v-03 -fv v^' -•' 

 The empcd'ement cfthe flower is heJl-j/mped^ compofed cf 

 three YctivJiJli' concave lobe's-^ the flower has five oblong 

 feffile petalsj which are lovger than the emp aliment^ and a 

 conical hip flo aped neBarium^ which is concave and the 

 length of the petals : it hath no ftamina^ "But linear^ pa- 

 rallel^ diflinBJmnmits^ fitting en the outfde of the neEla- 

 ' nuni^ ' with an ovalger?nen within the nenarium\ fupport- 

 ing a cylindrical Jlyte^ crowned by three obtufe ftigmas \ 

 the germeri afterward becomes a round berry ^ having three 

 cells^ containing tzvo heart-Jhaped feeds. - 



T^his genus is ranged in the firft feclion of Linnseus's 



- tenth clafs, which includes thofe plants whofe flowers 

 have ten ftamina or funimits andone flylel''^^^.^'' ^' • 



""^': Wehaveliut one Species of this genus, viz.- -^ •■ 



WmtERANTA ,(C^^^&':)Lin.^ Sp. Plant.':536, Gaffia 

 Cinnamomea, fc. Cinnamomum fylveftre, Barbaden- 



. daim. Pluk. Aim. So. tab. 160. f. 7. Wild Cinnamon. 



'' or Ccfjia of Barbadccs. '-"- ' '■- * 'V. ■-: 



This tree grows naturally in mofl: of the Englifh iOands 



- ift tHe Wett Indies,'"whe"re it rifes to the height of 

 about twenty feet J 'the fl:em is geaefally furniflied 



■ with branches from the ground to the top, covered 

 S/frith a! light Afh-colotired bark, and garnifhed pretty 

 clofely with oblong leaves about two inches and a half 

 long, which are narrow at their footftalks, but at 

 their extferfiity, where they are enlarged and founded, 

 they are a full inch broad^ of a light or pale green co- 

 lour, fl:an(Sng"upon fhort foot-fl:a!ks; they are placed 

 withoift order toward the end of the bi^anches, where 

 the flowers come out almoft inform of an umbel, which 

 iaTe^cdmpoTed of five oblohg'petals of a fcarlet colour v 

 thefe are fucceeded by roundifh berries, havihgan 

 umbilical calyx at their top, inclofing fliinin^^ black 



' leeds. \ '■•- — '- * ' ■"■ '•' ' '■ ' ■ " 



^- The whole plant, bark, leaves and fruit, are very 



■ aromatic, and has niuch the tafie of fpiced ginger- 



)read.-'^'- * _. - ' ''"'';. ''' ' 



'" The bark is much ufed by the inhabitants as a fpice to 

 relifh their viands, and alfo in medicine to difcharge 

 phlegrt ;' though it is much doubted whether it is 

 the fame with the bark which was brought by Captain 

 Winter, from the Streights'of Magellan. ^ 



As this tree is a native of hot climates, fo it is too ten- 

 der to live in England out of a ftove. I raifed feve- 

 ral of thefe plants frorri feeds, which were fent me from 

 Antigua a few years pail, fome of which are grown 



four 



r 

 V 



/ 



