WESTERN CAULESCENT VIOLETS. 33 



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 4 



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long, the later oval-lanceolate, 2 inches long, subtruncate at 

 base, all obtuse ; slender peduncles bearing the flowers almost 

 beyond the long-petioled leaves, bibracteolate not far below 

 the flowers, the bractlets subulate-filiform, not opposite : 

 sepals narrowly linear-lanceolate but obtuse ; corolla purple, 

 about ^ inch long including the long horizontal subcylindric 

 obtuse spur. 



Hangman Creek, Spokane Co., Washington, 14 May, 1893, 

 Sandberg and Leiberg, n. 33. Verbasaduvi was a mediaeval 

 name for the subgenus of rugose-leaved species of Prwinla ; 

 and the leaves of this western violet are as primula-like as 

 those of the eastern V. prbnulifolia itself. 



Viola mamillata. Leafy and floriferous stems of the 

 season upright and slender, 4 to 7 inches high above a long 

 ligneous partly subterranean and horizontal rootstock clothed 

 darkly with dead remnants of stipules of former seasons : 

 petioles and peduncles long and slender, the whole plant 

 glabrous except as to a line of hispidulous short hairs on the 

 veins of many leaves beneath : leaves from broadly cordate 



and % inch long in the earliest, to subcordate-oval and 1% 

 inches long in the later, all obtuse and lightly crenate : 

 peduncles bibracteolate not far below the flower, the bractlets 

 linear, entire, exactly opposite : sepals small for the corolla, 

 lanceolate, obtusish, not venulose ; corolla ^ inch broad, 

 violet, the limb of all petals round-obovate, obtuse, the odd 

 one very retuse and rather larger than the others ; spur long, 

 straight, subcylindric, at the end abruptly narrowed into a 

 distinct upturned mamilliform appendage. 



Wet ground, under fallen timber, at Dyer Mine, Uintah 

 Mountains, Utah, 30 June, 1902, L. N. Goodding, n. 1202 as 

 in U. S. Herb. 



Viola cordulata. Caulescent, low, the leafy stems 2 or 

 3 inches high, but peduncles often as long, bearing the 

 flower above all other parts : herbage of thinnish texture, 

 everywhere glabrous : leaves basal and upper cauline all much 

 alike in size and form, cordate, obtusish, crenate, about K 



