PNEUMONANTHE. 69 
another genus, became at once popular; and most of the herb- 
alists for about a century thereafter both describe and figure 
it under the name PNEUMONANTHE. 
Two authors of that period, however, and both of them far 
more than herbalists, declined to give their sanction to that 
name, though both admitted the type to be distinct from Gen- 
tiana, and the genus a valid one. 
In the year 1583, or twenty-two years after the publication of 
PNEUMONANTHE, Caesalpino, whose book is venerated by all who 
know the merest outlines of botanical history, as having been 
the first book of Systematic Botany ever published, devotes a 
chapter to this gentianaceous type, but holds the opinion that this 
isthe genus Vincetoxicum of antiquity, and so, maintains that 
name. 
The other exception to the use of PNEUMONANTHE as a genus 
name, is that made by Renealmus, in the year 1611. This, too, 
is a most significant exception; for, if Caesalpino less than 
thirty years before had inaugurated the era of Systematic Bot- 
any by defining all genera, and arranging them in family groups, 
Renealmus anticipated by three centuries that which seems sure 
of becoming the twentieth-century idea of the limits of a 
genus, In Systematic Botany the gifted authors have not been 
few whose ideas have waited a half-century, or a whole century 
and even more, before obtaining general recognition and full 
acceptance. But Renealmus thought and wrought out his 
views and printed them three centuries ahead of time. And he 
was the first great specialist in the study of the Gentiancee ; 
and proposed, in 1611, every segregation from the aggregate Gen- 
tiana that has yet in these recent times been offered, besides 
some which, if not yet reinstated, perhaps only wait for a gen- 
eral recognition that may be accorded them in some future, 
either near or distant. More than one century had passed before 
such of his gentiana segregates as Chloraand £rythrea obtained 
their places in books of botany as good genera; and Zrythrea 
was published over and over again at least seven times under 
seven different names between the years 1753 and 1853 ; so that 
only within the last half-century has it come into possession of 
its rightful name as assigned it by Renealmus almost three 
hundred years ago. 
