SYNGENESIA NECESSARIA, 
IV. NECESSARIA. 
659. CHAPTALIA, Vent. hort. cels 61. : 
i. C. foliis ovato-oblongis integerrimis subtus argenteo.to- 
mentosis, scapo nudo unifloro, flore nutante.— ent. 
l. c. cum icone. 
Tussilago integrifolia. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 121. 
Perdicium semiflosculare. Walt. fl. car. 204. 
In sandy fields and woods, in moist soil: Carolina to 
tomentosa. 
Florida. 4. May, June, v.v. Flowers white, with . 
a tinge of pale purple. 
660. SILPHIUM. Gen. pl. 1334. 
1.S. caule superne hispido, foliis radicalibus caulinisque 
pinnatifidis, laciniis dentato-sinuatis, calycinis foliolis 
subcordatis acuminatis.—Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2330. 
Icon. Linn. fil. fasc. 1. t. 3. 
On the banks of rivers in the western territories, parti- 
cularly on the Mississippi. 2. Aug.—Oct. v. v. 
From eight to twelve feet high ; flowers large, and, as 
all the rest of the genus, yellow. 
2. S. caule levi, foliis caulinis sinuato-pinnatifidis, radica- 
libus ternatis sinaito- multifidis, floribus parvis pani- 
culatis.— Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2331. 
S. laciniatum. Walt. fl. car. 217... — 
S. sinuatum. Herb. Banks. mss. ji 
In gravelly woods, near the sea-coast: Virginia and Ca- 
rolina. 24. Aug.—Oct. v.v. Not above two feet 
high; flowers small. _ 
3. S. caule levi} foliis radicalibus amplis cordatis, caulinis 
^ alternis ovatis serratis scabris.—// illd. sp. pl. 3. 
p. 2331. 
Icon. Jacq. hort. 1. t. 43. 
In the western mountains and Louisiana XY. Aug.— 
Oct. v.v. About five feet high ; radical leaves very 
large. 
4. S. caule tetragono levi, foliis oppositis connatis ovatis 
serratis,— Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2331. 
B. S. squamis calycinis quatuor exterioribus calyce interiore 
longiore. Willd. enum. 933. : 
In the Allegany mountains: Pensylvania to Carolina. 
x 
laciniatum. 
compositum. 
terebinthina- 
ceun. 
perfoliatum. 
conjunctum. 
