TYPHACEAE 18 
Crass 2. ANGIOSPERMAE SEED-POD PLANTS 
Carpel or pistil with a closed cavity within which the ovules 
are borne and the seeds mature 
SUBCLASS 1. IMONOGOTVERDONES Monocoryis 
Stem consisting of a ground-mass of soft tissue in which 
bundles of wood- cells are dn placed. Early leaves alter- 
nate. This subelass embraces one-fourth of the living seed-plants. 
Order PANDANALES — PANDANAL ORDER 
Perennial, aquatic or marsh herbs, with elongate rootstocks. Leav 
with narrow blades. Flowers in narrow racemes or globular Dikes. 
Perianth of scales or bristles. Androecium of 2.7 stamens. Gynoecium 
l- or 2-carpellary. Fruit nut-like. 
Racemes cylindric: perianth of bristles. Fam. 1. TYPHACEA 
Spikes (heads) globular: perianth of scales. Fam. 2. SPARGANIACEAE. 
Famity 1. TYPHACEAE — CAT-TAIL FAMILY 
Plants erect. Raceme spike-like, solitary and terminal, subtended by 
deciduous mob the staminate portion uppermost. Peri anth of bristles. 
Pistil stipitate: stigma narrow, spatulate, elliptic, or rhomboidal.—A fam- 
ily of uncertain relation ship. Consists of the following genus. 
H rn.] L. Ereet herbs with sheathed stems. Leaves d 
with lines Bude pc cylindric, the pistillate portion brown.—About 1 
species of tropical and temperate regions. Represented in our range by , 
species, widely distributed.—Sum.—fall—.—CAT-TAILS.  REED-MACES. CooPER’s 
REEDS.  CAT-O"-NINE-TAILS.— The rootstocks were an aboriginal food. . 
Raceme with staminate and pistillate portions usually ae pollen of simple 
grains: oo of the mature pistillate raceme short, rigid, 1 
mm. lon r le 
Raceme with a e and pistillate portions usually contig- 
uous: pollen ne in 4s : pedicels of the pistillate raceme 
bristle- like, 2-3 mm. lon . T. latifolia. 
1. T. angustifolia. 
"m 
leaves are used for making mats and t 
hairs of the fruits to stuff pillows eg S xeu 
mattresses AN 
Lp 
folia L. Stem about 1-2.5 m. p. 
tall: leaf-blades 10-25 m i e m 
dark-brown or black, the pistillate portion 2. 
.0—9. thick, contiguous did $ 
nate: Mu E e Or e nu 
z: furrowed.—Shores of lakes, ponds, fos rivers, and Tong —— through- 
t U. S. and Cs uu )—Used for the same purposes as the preceding. 
