156 CYPERACEAE 
pr i or swollen at the base, mostly ciliate, deciduous. Stigmas 2 or 
Achene lenticular or 3-angled, reticulate, cancellate, or ribbed lengthwise, 
oi feces —About 130 species, of wide geographic distribution.—Sum.-fall. 
Stigmas 2: achene lenticular. I. CASTANEAE. 
Stigmas 3: achene 3-angled. II. AUTUMNALES. 
CASTANEAE 
Spikelets peduncled and in umbels, or sessile and solitary. 
Achene not ribbed, smooth or cancellate in rows, leaf- 
ade es mostly involute: plants perennial. 
Spec UE or with 1, 2, or 3 additional pedun- 
cled o : involucre minute or "malt inconspicuous, 
mos Shobter than the inflorescence 1. F. schoenoides. 
Spikelets several or many : involucre conspicuous, usu- 
du wi E some of the bracts longer than the in- 
or 
Styles swollen at the 
Scales the B at least the lower ones, 
uber ulent or minutely pubescent. 
Aene broadly obovoid, truncate or broadly 
IE E at the top: leaf-blades SU Ones 
invo 2. F. puberula. 
Achene ene obovoid or ellipsoid-obovoid, 
somew ipe narrowed at the Eus leaf- blades 
Eua onn 8. F. ; 
Scales of the ‘spikelets glabrou 4. F. castanea. 
Styles Sio swollen at the base. 5. F. anomala. 
Achene ribbed lengthwise and reticulate: leaf-blades mostly 
at, except in age. 
Achene with smooth or nearly smooth ribs: perennial. 6. F. diphylla. 
Achene with copio p tubercled ribs: plants annual. ss F. Baldwiniana. 
Spikelets several. sessile a oe in a terminal head. 
Scales of the spikele eta pu nate: achene obovoi 8. F. Vahlii. 
Scales of the spikelets SuBulete d pede achene ellipsoid- 
cylindric 9. F. perpusilla. 
II, AUTUMNALES 
Spikelets ovoid or oval to lanceolate. 
Umbel simple or sparingly branched : spikelets stout, ovoid 
or oval, obtuse 10. F. geminata. 
Umbel much- ipancnede spikelets narrow, linear-oblong to 
lanceolate, acute. 11. F. autumnatis. 
Spikelets subglobose : umbel decompound. — 12. F. miliacea. 
F. schoenoides Vahl. Perennial, up to 4 dm. tall, glabrous: leaf-bla 
atten nuate from the slightly di lated bases, solite; braets of the inv ne 
inconspicuous: spikelets solitary, o m h 1, 2, or 3 Ho Re: Ti tia ones, 
ovoid or conic-ovoid, 5-12 mm. lon B pal aridi seales 3— im . long, blunt 
or acutish: achene broadly obovoid, js than p long, ee whitish, —Low 
grounds and wet pinelands, W Fla. and S Ga. Introduced.—( 0. W.) 
F E E Vahl. d ies. 
l-7 dm ely pubescent, at leas 
parts: loaf. see involute, thus often as 
slender, ciliate, and u lly more or less pu- 
nvolucre small: spikelets ovoid, 5— 
10 ] rown: scales 3—4 g, usu- 
eron Fs 
broadly obovoid, about 1 mm. long, can- |) 
cellate, brownish. [F. castanea puberula 
(Miehx.) Britton F. spadicea (Fl. SE. 
U. S.)]—Low grounds, swamps, and wet 
nom Coastal Plain. and en provinees, 
Fla. to Tex., Mo., Ill., and N. 
3. F. Harperi Britton Perennial, 2-6 
dm. tall, light-green: leaf-blades flàt or 
