ARACEAE 243 
fruits are very a aa suggesting tongues of flame extending out from 
tne crown of leave 
PIDOPHYLLU M H. Wendl. & Drude. Armed shrubs. Leaves 
"m vum flabellate, silvery beneath, the lobes without marginal fibers: 
petioles rough-edged, with sheaths of interwoven spines and fibers. Spadix 
erect, slightly exserted from the imbrieate involucre. CAM. flowers about 
half as large as the pistillate. Stigmas s introrse, slightly curved. Drupe of a 
ed type, or 2-lobed or 3-lobed, hirsute. ay the following ies 
kno 
1. R. Hys strix (Fraser) H. Wendl. Shrub with short erect or spreading stems, 
the rootstock proliferous: leaf-sheaths persistent, the fibers fine, the ri igid 
needle-like spines erect, mostly 14 dm 
long: leaf-blades 5-7 dm. in diameter, seurfy 
beneath: spadix stout, 1-2.5 dm. lon ng, 
densely A E ovate a orbicular 
anthers 2 mm. long, exserted, longer than 
the filaments: e ovoid or globular, 
15-20 mm. in diameter, red, persistent.— 
-( NEEDLE-PALM. BLUE-PALMETTO. VEGETABLE- 
PORCUPINE.)—Swamps and hammocks, rarely 
on dry rocks, S Plain and rarely 
and S. C.— 
Spr. —Remarkable en for ‘its vin ans 
and short spadix. The spadix remain 
short that the fruits are mostly ane 
and held in the cluster of ig and 
needles. | Stolons from the caudex - T 
to maintain the species which otherwise 
would soon be reduced as a result of the scant propagation by seeds. Fre- 
quently planted. 
OrpER ARALES — ARAL ORDER 
Perennial, frequently bog or aquatie herbs; in Lemnaceae, mere float- 
ing thalloid bodies. Leaves mainly basal. Flowers complete or incom- 
plete, borne on a spadix accompanied by a spathe, or in Lemnaceae 1 or 
few in a pouch in the plant-body. Perianth inconspicuous or wanting. 
Fruit baccate or utricular. 
Plants terrestrial or aquatic, with ue flowers on a spadix, this sometimes D a 
by or partly enclosed in a spa Fam.1. ARAC 
iens reduced to small floating thalloid struetures, with one 
Fam. 2. LEMNACEAE. 
FawiLvx 1. | ARACEAE — Arum FAMILY 
Fleshy mostly acaulescent plants. Leaves with simple or divided 
blades. Flowers perfect, monoecious, or dioecious. Perianth. of 4 
scale-like members, or wanting. Androecium of 4-10 stamens. Gynoe- 
