CORYLACEAE 415 
least in maturity, Mrd beneath, irregularly .erenate-serrate: capsule 
odes e 5—10 mm. lon ng, slender -beaked, Ec e -WILLOW. 
Boa-WIL SIL ERIS OW. LD PUSSY-WILLOW.)—Swamps, meadows, 
ae ur “hillsides, various DN N. C. to Mo., Man., d IN. S. 
. S. humilis Marsh. Shrub 3 m. tall or less, the twigs purplish or grayish, 
closely p leaf-blades elliptic, or oblanceolate, 5-10 cm. long 
longer, becoming glabrous or ee : above, glaucous, veiny, and more or 
less pubescent beneath, cds Or e ES ad revolts, distinctly 
petioled: staminate aments rile ong: capsule 7—9 ng, the nar- 
rowly ovoid base rather aiden oe. thinly fine- sabe ee 
ae —Dry banks, rocky slopes, and moist thickets, various provinces, 
N. C. to Tex., Kans., Minn., and Newf. 
15. S. tristis Ait. Shrub usually less than 1 m. tall, the twigs brownish 
or grayish, fi! dag p leaf- blades cuius late Es enis a or 
broadly lin 2-5 em. long, persistently hoary-pubescent, but p 
So eec p^ ae undulate- S very shoe E Eds stamin 
aments less than 1 long: capsule long, the bro a e basa 
p 
dion E beaked, RM fine- pubescent. — (Dwa RF GRAY-WIL 
PUSSY-WILLOW.)—Dry open woods, thickets, and “hitsides, 
rade provinees, Fla. to Nebr., Minn., and Me.—Usually in acid so 
6. S. aL. Shrub or small tree, the twigs Lise leaf-blades 
oblong, ‘broadly anode: pisse o or spatulate, 4—7 c . long, serrulate near 
the apex, pale beneath, short-petioled: staminate aments (2-3 em. done. capsule. 
ovoid-conic or ovoid, 3—4 mm. long or rarely 5 mm. ius ic M 
Low. P ER- ow. B 
swamps, and roadsides, E U. S. Nat. of Eu 
Orpen FAGALES — FAGAL ORDER 
Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate: blades simple. Flowers monoe- 
cious or rarely dioecious, at least the staminate borne in aments, the pis- 
tillate sometimes with an involucre which becomes a bur or cup in fruit. 
Calyx usually present. Corolla wanting. Fruit a nut or rarely a samara. 
eed and pistillate flowers in aments: fruit not with a bur or 
Staminate flowers solitary in the axil of each bract, without a E  pistillate 
doce ers with a calyx Fam. 1. CORYLACEAE. 
Staminate flowers Ex together in the axil of each bract, 
each with a calyx: ns flowers without a calyx. Fam. 2. BETULACEAE. 
Staminate flowers in aments: bes illate often solitary, the 
involucre becoming a bur or cup. Fam. 3. FAGACEAE. 
‘Faminy 1. CORYLACEAE — HazkL-NUT FAMILY 
rubs or trees, the wood close-grained. Leaves deciduous: blades 
mostly doubly toothed. Staminate aments drooping, with each bract sub- 
tending one flower, the calyx wanting. Pistillate aments not drooping, 
each bract bearing 2 or 3 pistils, the involucre of a bract and 2 scales. 
Fruit consisting of one or more acerescent bracts each subtending or in- 
closing 1, 2 or 3 nuts.—Four genera and 20 species, most abundant in 
the Northern Hemisphere. 
ER flowers without bractlets : teal ee flowers numerous, in elongate aments: 
mall, subtended by or inclosed in a bract: stamens many. 
Fr rui iti ce bracts flat, 3- lobed, the te inal lobe toothed. 1. CARPINUS. 
Fruiting bracts bladder- like, 2. OSTRYA. 
