HEDERACEAE 959 
grained wood is sometimes used as a substitute for boxwood, in wood engraving 
and for a variety of articles. 
Faminy 2. HEDERACEAE — Ivy FAMILY 
Herbs, shrubs, or vin Leaves alternate: blades simple or 
compound. Flowers pes qe or pipes often umbellate. Calyx of 
5 sepals, or obsolete. Corolla of 5 or 10 petals. Gynoecium of 2-5 united 
earpels. Styles often distinct. Fruit a berry or a drupe.—Fifty-two 
genera and about 475 species, natives of the north ime id zone. 
Vines: leaf-blades simple. 
Herbs, shrubs or ye leaf- blades compound. 1. HEDERA. 
Umbel simple: plant scapose, the bracts whorled : styles 2 or 3. 2. PANAX. 
Umbel compound : plant caulescent, the leaves alternate : Styles 5. 3. ARALIA. 
1. HEDERA L. Vines. Leaf-blades leathery, entire or lobed. Flowers 
polygamous, in panicled umbels. Sepals 5, or obsolete. Petals 5. Stamens 5. 
Ovary 5-celled. Styles united. Fruit angled | 
—One species, in many cult. varietie 
l. H. Helix L. Evergreen vine, with aérial 
eb aie blades ovate ? su Suborbicular, 
ird or 3—9-lobe ed, 2—10 lon ng: hy- 
ovate, Dio een. 2—3 mm. long: fruit 
about 10 mm. in diameter.—(ENcrisH Ivy.) 
e : 
throughout U. ometimes used edie. 
nally.—Ivy is a histor T its o Ev 
ing back into ancient mytholo ogy. The 
Hedera comes down through the Rom man 
In E it has furnished a resin for vou. a de and tanning atop 
PANAX L. Perennial herbs. Leaf-blades palmately compound. Scape 
"e with a whorl of bracts quite similar to the leaves. Umbel uL 
Ovary m mostly 2- or 3-celled.. Styles distinct. Fruit red, yellowish, or yellow 
Seven species, North American and Asiatic. 
Rootstock globular: leaflets sessile, obtuse: berry yellow. 1. P. trifol 
Rootstock fusiform: leaflets stalked, acuminate: berry red. 2. P. Ae bee 
1. P. trifolium L. Plant 1-2 dm. tall: bracts 3: leaflets 3, the blades ee 
1-8 em. long: petals white: berry 4-5 mm. = ad.— —(Dwanr-a1 NSENG. 
NUT.)—Damp places in woods, various pro 
inces, Coastal Plain only N, Ga. to Tl, 5 (A 
Minn., and N. S.—Spr. 
2. P.quinquefolium L. Plant 2—4 dm. tall: 
bracts 3 or 5: leaflet d the blades ps 
ish: berry 8-10 mm. br oad.— (GINSENG. 
provinces, Fla. to La., Nebr. Minn., and 
Que.—Sum.— 1 
plant is now extensively cultivated. 
