1306 CARDUACEAE 
tacle alveolate or 
pitted. 
Leaves with distinct 
depressions ; blades 
veinless, entir un 
der-shru 
Leaves without depres- 
sions; blades veiny, 
usually toothed: 
herbs. 
Ray-flowers more numer- 
than the disk- 
Aoa. receptacle fim 
briolate; heads corym- 
ose. 
Bracts of the involucre longitu- 
dinally ribbed or striate. 
Pappus- Mo mueh shorter than 
the ach 
mud blue, purple, pink: or white. 
Pappu mere crown or of a few squamellae, or 
balale MM or wanting. 
Pappus of a mere crown or wanting 
crown: "d ot the in- 
volucre imbricate in few se 
Pappus of a series of short qua eliae and 
usually also 2-4 slender bristles. 
Pappus, at Meee of the disk-flowers, of numerous 
capillary bristles 
Ray-cor dr conspicuous, longer than the pap- 
pu 
or “exceeding the disk, spreadin 
Stigma-tips lanceolate to filiform. 
ADEM wae not two distinct 
Disk-corollas as well as cre 
Ips. 
Bracts Hob dé nds their green 
erc Te ic (see Solidago 
bic 
Disk- corollas typically yellow, chang- 
ing to red, brown, or purple: ray- 
o various: bracts of the in- 
cre in se veral series, more or 
Tess. D COUS. a least at the tip: 
perennials with ootstocks. 
PUEDE.  distinetly double. the outer 
series of short subulate bristles. 
inue n -bristles clavate at the 
apex: bracts of the involucre thin- 
coriaceous, without T PACTON 
tips, shorter than the dis 
Inner pappus-bristles o 
throughout: bracts of the involu- 
cre equaling the disk. 
Stigma itin triangular or ovate, obtuse, 
dad do d xe of the involucre in 
-2, se 
Ray-corollas inconspi ipe not longer than the 
pappus: ligules of the ray short and erect: 
stigma-tips obtuse. 
Plants dioecious: eads unisexual, discoid: pappus- 
bristles of the staminate flowers with clavate tips. 
IV. GNAPHALIEAE 
Receptacle not chaffy. 
Involucral bracts not scarious: stigmas of the perfect 
usually sterile) flowers elongate and acute. 
Stem not winged by the decurrent leaves: invo- 
lueral braets persistent, 
Caulescent herbs or shrubs: stem and branches 
not wiry. 
20. CHRYSOMA. 
30. SOLIDAGO. 
31. EUTHAMIA. 
32. OLIGONEURON. 
33. BRACHYCHAETA. 
34. 
ASTRANTHIUM,. 
35. APHANOSTEPHUS. 
36. BOLTONIA. 
38 
39 
43. 
44. 
. SOLIDAGO. 
. ASTER. 
. DOELLINGERIA. 
. IONACTIS. 
. ERIGERON. 
. LEPTILON. 
BACCHARIS. > 
| 
. SERICOCARPUS. 
PLUCHEA. 
