1308 
CARDUACEAE 
Involucre not 4- neut braets several. or numer- 
ous, distin 
Papp 
ing, or of a few squamellae or awns on 
the angles of the achenes, and rarely 
Some minute ones interposed. 
ne pu least pos of the disk, not ob- 
essed, i.€., if compressed, ar- 
y. 
puc of the receptacle mere chaffy 
awns or bristles: disk-corollas 4- or 
5-lobed: achenes of the disk com- 
pressed ; those of the ray 3-side 
Po of the eee concave or con- 
up 
E n the involucre dry 
apery: heads usually discoid : 
pappus of few, slender awn 
Bracts of the involucre lier dosode 
or foliaceous: heads usually 
d 
radiate. 
Receptacle hi gh, hemispheric, 
conie, subuiate, columnar, 
or globos 
Ray- d fertile: stigmas 
of the disk-flowers es 
cate: pappus an awn 
n a: more achene- hee 
N oda sterile stigmas 
of the disk-flowers with 
Achen les 4-an Re SU r terete, 
wingle 
Disk- corel is without a 
tube: ligules of the 
ray purplish, rarely 
white or rtt 
corolla- 
ube. 
Achene terete. 
Achenes compressed, 
Dati or wing- 
Receptacle ' columnar 
M = os invo AT 
A 
Receptacle Eo bose 
b Ep of p molt 
re 
Sepe flat or Mom rely convex, 
arely Somouhdt conic. 
Achene not strongly com- 
des ed, not wing-mar- 
Ray-flowers fer 
es oa or those 
“of the disk ob- 
scurely angled: 
herbs. 
us ‘consisting of a small crown or want- 
‘fe 
c 
c 
66. VERBESINA. 
(. MELANTHERA. 
. SPILANTUES, 
. ECHINACEA. 
. VIGUIERA. 
. RUDBECKIA. 
. DRACOPIS. 
. RATIBIDA. . 
RIDAN. 
