1310 CARDUACEAE 
with oe or 
obsolet awns. 
Bp RE bracts 
the involucre few: 
m S decurrent. 
Achenes decidedly obcom- 
M UOCE simple, of 10r 2 
herbaceous and sev- 
eral ehaffy bracts. 
a of the ray with 
endin marginal 
bristles. 
Been of the ray 
ithout marginal 
br istles 
HUMO E manifestly ¢ ee 
ter 
Pappus of many similar squamel 
Bac i the feudis RU forming 
ir ES receptacle resembling a 
aon i200 vers neutra 
Pits of ae E ET with ad erose- 
toothed edges: head solitary: ray- 
"S 
Pits of the re eceptacle with cuspidate 
and erose to ae edges: heads corym- 
bose: ray-flower 
Paleae of the receptacle distinct, thin. 
Ra pond wers wan ing squamellae of the 
appus nerveles 
Ray-flowers Abe pistillate and fer- 
Squamellae of the pappus of the disk 
ers with thick midribs and 
An bri ate margins. 
Squamellae of the pappus aristate- 
acuminate, plumose-ciliate. 
VII. HEL 
DONE E 8-5-angled, or if less ene so, 
t 
Stigm m either short or with a distinct appendage, not 
ispidulous to or below the fork; either disk- or 
ay-corollas or both yellow, if purple the in- 
uo. not narrow. 
Bracts of the involuere wholly herbaceous, or some- 
Me at chartaceous at the base, without scari- 
margi 
Involucre companulate or hemispheric; bracts 
dh or ascending, not reflexed ; outer 
the tips r refle xed. 
Receptacle not bristly: pappus-scales thin 
and scarious, the midrib, when present, 
not beco in 
Receptacle bristly, Ga ae triangular 
fimbrillate, or naked: pappus-scales Scari- 
83. PTEROPHYTON. 
84. RIDAN. 
85. SYNEDRELLA, 
85a. CALYPTOCARPUS. 
86. COREOPSIS. 
87. BIDENS. 
88. COSMOS. 
89. ISNDORIMA. 
90. ACTINOSPERMUM.,. 
91. MARSHALLIA. 
09. GALINSOGA. 
O3. TRIDAX. 
O4. HYMENOXYS. 
95. HELENIUM. 
