CARDUACEAE 1317 
I. CAROLINIA 
A rather coarse, softly hirsute herb, with thinnish leaf-blades. 1. E. carolinianus. 
. II. au 
TR pu of the involucre 8 long or less: pappus 
bri s 3. 5-5 mm. long: midrib "of the leaf pubescent be- 
Bo ith appressed hair 
Stem w vith: spreading rather iain reflexed hairs: rae 
closely and softly pubescent: scale-like base of the pappus 
gradually narrowed into the tip. 2. E. elatus. 
Stem with appressed rather than spreading hairs: leaf- 
blades glabrous or sparingly pu abesccn ©. seale-like base of 
the pappus abruptly aara ed into ue ti 3. E. nudatus. 
Longer Ba of the involucre 9-12 mm. long: pappus-bristles 
6-8 long: midrib of the leaf pubescent beneath with 
Bprendins and reflexed hairs. . E. tomentosus. 
E. carolinianus Willd. Stem 3-9 dm. tall rather hirsute: leaf-blades 
elliptic: or oval, E em. long, discs serrate or repand: inner bracts of the 
Le e 8-10 mm. long, aeute: achene 3.5—4 
ign ng. —Woods and thickets, various. 
provinces, Fla. to Tex., Kans., and N. J. S 
2. E. elatus Bertol. Stem 7-12 dm 
mainly hirsute: blades of the basal Eo 
: | 
spatulate to ovate-elliptie, 10-2 g, 
erenate-serra n inner bracts of the involucre 
bt ac 2. ong: bases of 
5-3 mm, ] 
the . pappus- alles minute.—Dry soil, 
Coastal Plain and adj. provinees, Fla. to 
Ark. and S. C. | 
3. E. nud atus A Gray. Stem 2-8 dm. t 
mainly strigose; blades of the basal mem 
TE to spa a crenate-serrate: 
ner of the involucre acuminate or abruptly pointed: bases of the 
pappus. bristles cores than the breadth of the achene.—Sandy soil, Coastal 
Plain, Fla. to La., Ark., and Del 
e us L. Stem 2-7 dm. tall, mos hirsute AD. blades of the 
basal pos elliptic, oval, or elliptic ‘oblanceolate, crenate-serrate: inner bracts 
of the involucre acuminate: bases of the pappus- bristles as qm as the breadth 
of the penne: — Pinelands and dry woods, various provinces, Fla. to Tex., Ky., 
and Va. 
4. STOKESIA L’Her. Perennial, stout, pubescent herbs. Leaves al- 
ternate: blades ppinulose: ciliate near the base, elongate. Heads large, showy, 
orymb, many- 
Involucre broad and depressed: 
bracts foliaceous, the outer entire, lax, the 
inner with a large pectinate-spinulose ap- 
pendage on a small base, the innermost, nar- 
row, entire. Receptacle flat, naked. Corol- 
las various, the inner ones pues with 5 
narrow lobes; the outer ligulate, the ma: 
blad 
nal ones ridus e dites 
ub Anthor appendages ovate. Achene 
stout, 3- or 4-angled. Pappus of 
4 o 
slender ps awns.—One species, remark- 
able in its group on account of the ligulate 
marginal corollas. 
